ABSTRACT
Homologous and heterologous skin test reactions in sensitized guinea pigs to antigens from 11 species of mycobacteria were fitted by a linear model that permitted the ranking of each species on the basis of cross reactivity. When the same species were ranked on the basis of in vitro transformation of sensitive lymphocytes in response to homologous and heterologous antigen preparations, a different ranking order was observed. Reasons for the lack of strict correlation between skin tests and in vitro lymphocyte transformations are discussed.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Bacterial , Cross Reactions , Mycobacterium/immunology , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Lymphocyte Activation , Skin TestsABSTRACT
The assayed potency of an adsorbed tetanus toxoid C(2), relative to the international standard for tetanus toxoid (adsorbed), varied significantly with the use of different strains of mice. The unitage was highest with NIH mice, and it was not significantly different from that with CFW mice. With CDF(1) and BALB/c mice, however, the assayed potency was significantly lower than with NIH mice. C3H mice failed to respond to the dose range of the toxoids employed with the other four strains. The significance of the influence of the mouse strain on the designation of a prescribed unit requirement for tetanus toxoid, adsorbed, relative to human efficacy is discussed.
Subject(s)
Mice, Inbred Strains/drug effects , Tetanus Toxoid/toxicity , Adsorption , Animals , Female , Injections, Subcutaneous , Male , Mice , Species Specificity , Tetanus/prevention & control , Tetanus Toxoid/standards , Tetanus Toxoid/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Quantitation of soluble residual host protein in chicken embryo-derived vaccines was performed rapidly, economically, and accurately by radial immunodiffusion.
Subject(s)
Immunodiffusion , Proteins/analysis , Viral Vaccines/analysis , Animals , Chick Embryo , Humans , Hypersensitivity/prevention & control , Immune Sera , Immunoelectrophoresis , Influenza Vaccines/analysis , Measles Vaccine/analysis , Methods , Ovalbumin , Rabbits , Smallpox Vaccine/analysis , Viral Vaccines/standards , Yellow FeverSubject(s)
Antigens , Mycobacterium/immunology , Tuberculin Test , Tuberculin , Animals , Guinea Pigs , Hypersensitivity, DelayedABSTRACT
Haemagglutination (HA) has been used frequently for the titration of tetanus antitoxin but published results have varied in relation to the "unitage" determined by the mouse toxin-neutralization test (TN). This report gives the results of the titration of a group of sera by haemagglutination and compares them with the results obtained by toxin neutralization. Although there was marked variation between HA and TN titres of individual sera, results indicated that haemagglutination is a useful procedure for the over-all evaluation of the antitoxin responses to tetanus toxoids in field studies.
