ABSTRACT
This study aims to analyse the association between perceived presence of public spaces near residences and practice of physical activity during leisure time by adults in the state capitals of Brazil, based on sociodemographic characteristics. Participants were individuals aged ≥18 years living in the 27 state capitals of Brazil (n = 52 929, 53.9% female) who responded to a national survey called VIGITEL in 2013. Physical activity during leisure time (≥1 time/week), perception of space, population and sociodemographic variables (sex, age, years of study and geographic region) were self-reported. The adjusted binary logistic regression analysis was used. Among adults, the prevalence of physical activity during leisure was 45.1% (95% CI [44.2; 46.0]), and 71.1% (95% CI [70.2, 71.8]) perceived public space near their residence. A direct association between perceiving public space and physical activity ([OR] = 1.43; 95% CI [1.32; 1.55]) was observed. No significant difference was observed in the population groups (men and women, younger and older adults, and those with more and fewer years of study). Thus, even with the possible regional differences in Brazilian state capitals, the presence of public spaces increases the practice of physical activity during leisure time, independent of sociodemographic variables.
Subject(s)
Exercise/psychology , Leisure Activities , Parks, Recreational/statistics & numerical data , Adult , Aged , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Public Facilities/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Urban Population/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
This study aimed to analyze differences between patients with diabetes and hypertension in drug treatment and their sources for obtaining medication. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the VIGITEL telephone survey in 2011 in Brazil's state capitals and Federal District. Some 72% of the 15,027 hypertensive patients and 78.2% of the 4,083 diabetics were on medication; 45.8% of the hypertensive patients obtained their medications from public health units, 15.9% from the Popular Pharmacy program, and 38.3% from drugstores, pharmacies, and other sources. The rates among diabetics were 54.4%, 16.2%, and 29.4%, respectively. In the public health units the percentages were highest among individuals with less schooling, black or brown skin, and without private health plans, while the percentages in the Popular Pharmacy program and drugstores/pharmacies and other sources were higher among individuals with more schooling, white skin, and private health plans. Access to different sources of medicines showed disparities between Brazil's regions and state capitals and between social segments of the population.
Subject(s)
Antihypertensive Agents/supply & distribution , Diabetes Mellitus/drug therapy , Drugs, Essential/supply & distribution , Hypertension/drug therapy , Hypoglycemic Agents/supply & distribution , Adult , Aged , Antihypertensive Agents/therapeutic use , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Drugs, Essential/therapeutic use , Female , Health Surveys , Humans , Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use , Interviews as Topic , Male , Middle Aged , Young AdultABSTRACT
Resumo Analisar as diferenças entre diabéticos e hipertensos em relação ao tratamento medicamentoso e suas fontes de obtenção. Trata-se de estudo transversal com dados do VIGITEL, realizado em 2011 nas capitais brasileiras. Cerca de 72% dos 15.027 hipertensos e 78,2% dos 4.083 diabéticos estavam em tratamento medicamentoso; 45,8% dos hipertensos obtiveram medicamento nas unidades de saúde públicas, 15,9% no Farmácia Popular e 38,3% em drogarias/farmácias e outras fontes. Entre os diabéticos, encontrou-se 54,4%; 16,2%; e 29,4%, respectivamente. Nas unidades de saúde os percentuais foram mais elevados entre os menos escolarizados, cor de pele preta ou parda e sem plano privado de saúde, e as prevalências de obtenção na Farmácia Popular, drogarias/farmácias e outras fontes foram mais elevadas entre os mais escolarizados, cor de pele branca e com plano privado. O acesso às diferentes fontes de medicamentos apresentou disparidades entre as regiões e capitais brasileiras e entre os segmentos sociais da população.
Abstract This study aimed to analyze differences between patients with diabetes and hypertension in drug treatment and their sources for obtaining medication. This was a cross-sectional study with data from the VIGITEL telephone survey in 2011 in Brazil’s state capitals and Federal District. Some 72% of the 15,027 hypertensive patients and 78.2% of the 4,083 diabetics were on medication; 45.8% of the hypertensive patients obtained their medications from public health units, 15.9% from the Popular Pharmacy program, and 38.3% from drugstores, pharmacies, and other sources. The rates among diabetics were 54.4%, 16.2%, and 29.4%, respectively. In the public health units the percentages were highest among individuals with less schooling, black or brown skin, and without private health plans, while the percentages in the Popular Pharmacy program and drugstores/pharmacies and other sources were higher among individuals with more schooling, white skin, and private health plans. Access to different sources of medicines showed disparities between Brazil’s regions and state capitals and between social segments of the population.
Resumen Analizar las diferencias entre los diabéticos e hipertensos, en relación con el tratamiento farmacológico y sus fuentes de obtención. Se trata de un estudio transversal con datos de VIGITEL del 2011 en capitales brasileñas. Cerca del 72% de los 15.027 hipertensos y el 78,2% de los 4.083 diabéticos estaban en tratamiento; un 45,8% de los pacientes hipertensos contaba con la medicación en las unidades de salud; 15,9% en farmacias populares; y un 38,3% en farmacias y otras fuentes y entre los diabéticos, 54,4%; 16,2%; y 29,4%, respectivamente. En las unidades de salud los porcentajes fueron más altos entre los menos educados, color de piel negro/mulato y sin plan de salud, mientras que la obtención en Farmacia Popular y otras fuentes fueron más altas entre los más educados, de piel blanca y con el plan privado. El acceso a diferentes fuentes de obtención mostró diferencias entre las regiones y las capitales brasileñas y segmentos sociales de la población.
