[Relationship between vitamin D level and lipid profile in young adults].

Vitamin D deficiency, like cardiovascular disease, is widespread throughout the world. Researches indicate a number of potential mechanisms for the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and cardiometabolic risk factors. The results of studying the relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in blood serum and lipid profile indicators are contradictory, studies were mainly carried out among the adult and elderly population. The aim of the research was to study the relationship between the level of 25(OH)D and lipid spectrum indicators in young people. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 278 young adults (aged from 18 to 24 years), of which 64 (23%) were boys, 214 (77%) were girls. The assessment of lipid spectrum indicators included total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides, calculation of the atherogenic index; vitamin D status was evaluated by 25(OH)D blood serum level determination. Results. The levels of 25(OH)D below the criterion of insufficiency (30 ng/ml) were found in 81% of participants. A weak positive correlation was found between the level of triglycerides and 25(OH)D concentration (ρ=0.181, p=0.003). Gender differences were found in the association of 25(OH)D level with lipid profile parameters. In young men, a negative correlation was found between 25(OH)D level and indicators of total cholesterol (ρ=-0.316, p=0.014) and LDL cholesterol (ρ=-0.348, p=0.007), as well as significantly lower concentrations of 25(OH)D in the group with elevated LDL cholesterol levels. Conclusion. The results of the study indicate the existence of the relationships between 25(OH)D concentration and various parameters of the lipid spectrum of blood serum. Vitamin D deficiency may be associated with an increased risk of dyslipidemia, especially in males. The relationship between 25(OH)D level and lipid profile scores may differ depending on gender.

[Vitamin D deficiency and carbohydrate metabolism in obese children and adolescents].

Obesity in childhood and adolescence is an important clinical and social problem in all countries, due to its extremely adverse long-term health effects. Vitamin D deficiency is extremely widespread in the world. Obesity and metabolic syndrome are often associated with vitamin D deficit. The role of vitamin D deficiency in obesity and metabolic syndrome in childhood is not well understood. Aims - to study the relationship of vitamin D deficiency and carbohydrate metabolism parameters in school children with obesity. Material and methods. The cross-sectional study included 71 patients of the Arkhangelsk Children's Clinical Hospital named after P.G. Vyhletsova (32 boys, 39 girls, aged 10 to 15 years, all children live in Arkhangelsk) with abdominal obesity. An anthropometric study was conducted: height (cm), body weight (kg), waist circumference (cm), body mass index (BMI). Serum 25(ОН)D level, fasting glycemia, insulin level and HOMA-IR index were assessed. Results. It has been revealed that 98,6% of children have vitamin D deficiency of varying severity. 25(OH)D level in severely obese children (BMI>3SDS) was significantly lower than in other obese children (BMI<3SDS): 12.8 [7.3-14.9] vs 13.5 [8.9-18.2] ng/ml, (p=0.039). In children with hyperglycemia and insulin resistance, 25(OH)D levels were significantly lower compared with those who had normal glycemic parameters and HOMA-IR index. Conclusions. The high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity, progressing with increasing obesity severity, has been demonstrated. The association of glucose metabolism disorders with vitamin D deficiency has been shown.

[Roles of active forms of vitamin D in supporting innate immune systems and in reducing excess inflammation in COVID-19].

A reduced supply of micronutrient vitamin D leads to a more severe course of coronavirus infection (COVID-19). Vitamin D deficiency is combined with a decrease in innate antiviral immunity and excess of inflammation. Vitamin D supplementation stimulates the synthesis of antibacterial peptides and is important for weakening the cytokine storm, reducing excessive acute and chronic inflammation, and also for compensating for chronic comorbid pathologies. Active forms of vitamin D (alfacalcidol, etc.) are of particular importance for compensating for vitamin D deficiency in elderly patients, endocrine-immune dysfunction, sarcopenia, chronic renal failure (in which the metabolism of vitamin D in the kidneys is disturbed).

[Cerebrolysin peptides as mood stabilizers]. / O peptidakh Tserebrolizina, sposobstvuiushchikh normotimii.

AIM: To establish the molecular mechanisms of the mood stabilizing (normothymic) action of the neuroprotector Cerebrolysin. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Mass-spectrometric analysis of the peptide composition of cerebrolysin followed by a complex bioinformatics analysis was utilized. RESULTS: Cerebrolysin contains considerable amounts of Leu- and Met-enkephalins, partial analogues of enkephalins, peptide fragments of beta-lipotropin. These peptides stimulate the endorphinergic system thus contributing to normothymic action and an increase in the levels of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Specific inhibition of kinases ABL1, PINK1, CDK5 and arginine N-methyltransferase PRMT5 by the peptides of cerebrolysin has a multidirectional effect on the dopaminergic system, also helping to stabilize mood. Cerebrolysin peptides do not directly affect neither the serotonergic, adrenergic, nor GABAergic systems. CONCLUSION: The normothymic effect of Cerebrolysin is due to the stabilization of endorphinergic and dopaminergic neurotransmission.

[Deficit of Magnesium and States of Hypercoagulation: Intellectual Analysis of Data Obtained From a Sample of Patients Aged 18-50 years From Medical and Preventive Facilities in Russia].

The states characterized by pronounced hypercoagulable components (deep vein thrombosis, cardio- and cerebro-vascular pathologies) are caused by multiple pathophysiological factors, including insufficient supply of magnesium (Mg) and other micronutrients. AIM: to present results of analysis of the Institute of Microelements Data Base (IMDB) performed from point of view of interrelationships of Mg deficit and hypercoagulable states in adults treated in medico-preventive facilities of Central, Northwestern, Northern, and Siberian federal districts of Russia. METHODS: The analysis was realized as analysis of data obtained in a cross-sectional study. In the cohort of patients (n=1453) formed from the IMBD adequacy of Mg supply was assessed by magnesium levels in blood plasma (Mg BP) (0.69±0.15 mmol/L) and estimates of daily Mg consumption according to dietary diaries (Mg D) (185±90 mg/day). RESULTS: Mg supply was adequate (Mg BP >0.80 mmol/L, Mg D >300 mg/day) in not more than 6 % of patients. Presence of "Hypercoagulation" label in data base was associated with greater number of chronic diseases (2.3±2.1 and 0.83±0.8 with and without this label, respectively, р=0.0006) and elevated risk of the presence on 4 comorbid pathologies (odds ratio [OR] 18, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 10-25, р=0.0006). Mg deficit (Mg BP.

Deficit of Magnesium and States of Hypercoagulation: Intellectual Analysis of Data Obtained From a Sample of Patients Aged 18-50 years From Medical and Preventive Facilities in Russia.

The states characterized by pronounced hypercoagulable components (deep vein thrombosis, cardio- and cerebro-vascular pathologies) are caused by multiple pathophysiological factors, including insufficient supply of magnesium (Mg) and other micronutrients. AIM: to present results of analysis of the Institute of Microelements Data Base (IMDB) performed from point of view of interrelationships of Mg deficit and hypercoagulable states in adults treated in medico-preventive facilities of Central, Northwestern, Northern, and Siberian federal districts of Russia. METHODS: The analysis was realized as analysis of data obtained in a cross-sectional study. In the cohort of patients (n=1453) formed from the IMBD adequacy of Mg supply was assessed by magnesium levels in blood plasma (MgBP) (0.69±0.15 mmol/L) and estimates of daily Mg consumption according to dietary diaries (MgD) (185±90 mg/day). RESULTS: Mg supply was adequate (MgBP >0.80 mmol/L, MgD >300 mg/day) in not more than 6% of patients. Presence of "Hypercoagulation" label in data base was associated with greater number of chronic diseases (2.3±2.1 and 0.83±0.8 with and without this label, respectively, р=0.0006) and elevated risk of the presence on 4 comorbid pathologies (odds ratio [OR] 18, 95% confidence interval [CI] 10-25, р=0.0006). Mg deficit (MgBP.