ABSTRACT
The purpose of this work was to study the possible use of pretreated biomass of various microalgae and cyanobacteria as substrates for acetone-butanol-ethanol (ABE) fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum cells immobilized into poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogel. To this end, the biochemical composition of photosynthetic microorganisms cultivated under various conditions was studied. The most efficient technique for pretreating microalgal biomass for its subsequent conversion into biofuels appeared to be thermal decomposition at 108 °C. For the first time the maximum productivity of the ABE fermentation in terms of hydrogen (8.5 mmol/L medium/day) was obtained using pretreated biomass of Nannochloropsis sp. Maximum yields of butanol and ethanol were observed with Arthrospira platensis biomass used as the substrate. Immobilized Clostridium cells were demonstrated to be suitable for multiple reuses (for a minimum of five cycles) in ABE fermentation for producing biofuels from pretreated microalgal biomass.
Subject(s)
Biofuels/microbiology , Clostridium acetobutylicum/metabolism , Microalgae/metabolism , Bacteria, Anaerobic/metabolism , Cells, Immobilized , Coculture Techniques , FermentationABSTRACT
Every year urogenital mycoplasma draws the increasing attention, as serious pathological disease of women of reproductive age. During the urogenital mycoplasmosis, parameters of clinical semiology are expressed more significantly than without this disease. Among women with a reproductive pathology on a background of urogenital mycoplasmosis most often took place pathological discharge with a putrefactive smell, irritation, an itch and burning of genitals. Though frequency of such clinical symptoms as the painful sexual intercourse, pain conceded the pathological discharge. It is established, that during urogenital infections among pregnant women and women with a reproductive pathology the wide scale of specific symptoms are peculiar for the mycoplasmosis.
Subject(s)
Female Urogenital Diseases/diagnosis , Female Urogenital Diseases/microbiology , Mycoplasma Infections/complications , Mycoplasma Infections/diagnosis , Adult , Diagnosis, Differential , Female , Female Urogenital Diseases/drug therapy , Humans , Mycoplasma Infections/drug therapy , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/drug therapy , Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/microbiology , Preventive Health Services/statistics & numerical data , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
Methylene blue is excluded from the original preservative in the modified conservation method elaborated by Safaraliev. The conserved material is examined in humid smear or, still better, after enrichment by falling out in the formol-ether solution or staining the smears by Lugol's solution or 0.25% solution of methylene blue. Intestinal Protozoa may be kept conserved for no less than a year. In case of enrichment the technique becomes 2--3-fold more effective than the original one, enabling to save the reagents, laboratory vessels, time (for microscopy), as well as to evade the odour of acetic acid and phenol from the preparations under study.
Subject(s)
Eukaryota/isolation & purification , Feces/parasitology , Intestines/parasitology , Preservation, Biological/methods , Animals , HumansABSTRACT
The study was undertaken to examine morphofunctional parameters of the right ventricle in relation to cardiohemodynamics of the left heart in 96 patients with hypertrophic and congestive cardiomyopathies, including those with coronary heart disease. Both in congestive and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, the magnitude and nature of changes in right ventricular function follow left ventricular lesion. In cardiomyopathy unlike coronary heart disease, right ventricular function tends to decrease and shows markedly altered links with the left heart.
