ABSTRACT
The article presents data related to research on the staffing situation of outpatient-and-polyclinic institutions in Western Kazakhstan, conducting medical examinations of the population. The personnel supply and activity of 58 medical institutions of Aktobe, Atyrau, West Kazakhstan regions for 2013-2016 are analyzed. The low availability of outpatient-and-polyclinic institutions by medical personnel of narrow specialties is established. At the same time, there is a tendency to improve the availability of medical personnel for the period under study. The most prosperous situation is in the city of Aktobe.
Subject(s)
Ambulatory Care/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Accessibility/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Kazakhstan , Practice Patterns, Physicians'/trendsABSTRACT
The purpose of this review is the study of literature for the development of effective public health programs. The overall health of the population depends on complex of social and biological factors of the environment, which is measured by demographic indices, physical development, morbidity, disability and socioeconomic characteristics. Key health data, socioeconomic and demographic statistics of the region are presented. The complex tools necessary to answer the public health requirements of residents in a certain area are recommended. Monitoring of health and demographic situation is urgent, because it makes it possible to adjust the basis of social, ecological and economic processes in the given area.
Subject(s)
Public Health , Chronic Disease/economics , Chronic Disease/epidemiology , Chronic Disease/therapy , Environmental Health , Humans , Kazakhstan/epidemiology , Mortality , Needs Assessment , Public Health Administration , Socioeconomic FactorsABSTRACT
Research is conducted in the city of Aktau ofMangystau area in 2009-2011. The state of health of adult population of the city of Aktau and quality of atmospheric air were studied. Results of works revealed positive dynamics of a natural increase of the population. There is noted a high rate of birth rate, however infantile mortality has tendency to the gain. There were established the structure and leading indices of the incidence among the male andfemale population. The impurity of atmospheric air by chemicals was shown to have the direct impact on health of urban population.
Subject(s)
Air Pollutants , Environmental Exposure , Oil and Gas Industry , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Air Pollutants/analysis , Air Pollutants/standards , Birth Rate , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/analysis , Environmental Exposure/prevention & control , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Health Status , Humans , Infant , Infant Mortality , Kazakhstan/epidemiology , Needs Assessment , Oil and Gas Industry/standards , Oil and Gas Industry/statistics & numerical data , Population Health/statistics & numerical data , Public Health/methods , Public Health/standardsABSTRACT
This work is devoted to the study of conditions of the work of employees of the modern ferro-alloy production, which was performed in the framework of the evaluation of working places at the Open Joint-Stock Company «Ferrokhrom¼, which is part of Joint-Stock Transnational Company "Kazchrom". The studies were performed with account of the full range of the list of working places, both in the main and auxiliary shops. The work activity of the workers from leading professional groups was established to be conjugate of the impact of the complex of unfavorable factors of occupational environment and labor process. There are given comprehensive measures to improve working conditions and health maintenance in workers from leading professional groups.
Subject(s)
Chromium Alloys , Ferrous Compounds , Metallurgy , Occupational Diseases , Public Health/methods , Workplace , Health Status Indicators , Humans , Kazakhstan/epidemiology , Metallurgy/methods , Metallurgy/organization & administration , Metallurgy/standards , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Occupational Diseases/etiology , Occupational Diseases/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Occupational Exposure/prevention & control , Occupational Exposure/statistics & numerical data , Population Health/statistics & numerical data , Risk Assessment , Workplace/standards , Workplace/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
The paper gives information on the prevalence of allergic diseases in Aktobe depending on the level of an anthropotechnogenic load area. The findings indicate that children that the degree of immunodeficiency in persons living in different micro-areas of the city depends on the magnitude of environmental pollution. Among allergic diseases, pollinoses (58.6%) rank first, asthma (19.9%) and allergic rhinitis (15.6%) occupy the second and third places, respectively. At the same time, the incidence of allergic diseases is 21.2-30.3% of all cases in the areas near an industrial area and 9.1-12.1% in those maximally remote from it. The impact of environmental quality on the incidence of allergic diseases depends on gender and age.
Subject(s)
Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Environmental Pollution/adverse effects , Hypersensitivity/epidemiology , Urban Population , Humans , Kazakhstan/epidemiology , Morbidity/trends , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
The content of metal carcinogens in hair and blood in children's population in thee cities of Aktobe area has been studied. These data indicate that levels of carcinogens in children living in the Khromtau and Aktobe cities are 2 times higher than levels of carcinogens in children living in the Alga city.
Subject(s)
Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Environmental Exposure/analysis , Environmental Illness/metabolism , Hair/chemistry , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Urban Population , Child , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Illness/diagnosis , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Humans , Incidence , Kazakhstan/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The authors studied immune homeostasis parameters in chromium production workers and presented changes in cellular, humoral immunity and sensibilization to chromium in main occupational groups of workers. Findings are that occupational contact with chromium compounds results in T-immune deficiency. Allergic tests also revealed higher sensibilization to 6-valent chromium.
Subject(s)
Chromium , Extraction and Processing Industry , Homeostasis/immunology , Immunity, Humoral , Occupational Diseases/immunology , Occupational Exposure/adverse effects , Humans , KazakhstanABSTRACT
The authors studied influence of chemical and physical factors in main production of chromium compounds plant on the workers' health. Patterns of morbidity formation in the workshops are defined.
Subject(s)
Chemical Industry , Chromium , Health Status , Noise/adverse effects , Occupational Diseases/epidemiology , Humans , Time FactorsSubject(s)
Enterosorption , Lead Poisoning/therapy , Adult , Chronic Disease , Humans , Lead/blood , Lead/urine , Lead Poisoning/diagnosis , Middle AgedABSTRACT
A total of 27 patients facing chronic lead intoxication was examined and treated by enteral absorption. Enteral absorption was proved to increase chelation, improve hepatic conjugation and excretion, reduce serum lead level, normalize some biochemical parameters and improve the general status in patients facing lead intoxication.
Subject(s)
Enterosorption , Lead Poisoning/therapy , Bile Acids and Salts/metabolism , Chronic Disease , Humans , Intestinal Absorption , Lead Poisoning/metabolism , Lipid Metabolism , Liver/metabolismSubject(s)
Copper , Diet , Mining , Adult , Energy Metabolism , Humans , Male , Nutritional RequirementsSubject(s)
Gastrointestinal Diseases/chemically induced , Mercury Poisoning/etiology , Mercury/toxicity , Absorption , Animals , Gastrointestinal Diseases/blood , Gastrointestinal Diseases/therapy , Intestinal Absorption , Ion Transport , Mercury/pharmacokinetics , Mercury Poisoning/blood , Mercury Poisoning/therapy , Rabbits , Random Allocation , Sorption DetoxificationABSTRACT
Experiments on 76 rats of both sexes exposed to red phosphorus revealed the morphologic changes in the body. Chronic red phosphorus poisoning (15 days, 1, 2, 3, 4 months) induces dystrophic changes and hyperemia in the examined viscera and brain. The first pathomorphologic changes appeared in the liver, stomach, small intestine, and as the intoxication period was prolonged they appeared in other internal organs and brain.
Subject(s)
Phosphorus/poisoning , Animals , Brain/drug effects , Brain/pathology , Chronic Disease , Colloids , Female , Male , Poisoning/pathology , Rats , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Presents data on mutagenic, gonadotoxic, embryotoxic and teratogenic activities of phosphorus, fluorine and their derivatives. The investigations have revealed the mechanisms of these chemical substances toxic action on the genetic apparatus, reproductive organs, progeny. The problem is interesting and needs further investigations.
Subject(s)
Fluorine/toxicity , Phosphorus/toxicity , Animals , Embryo, Mammalian/drug effects , Female , Gonads/drug effects , Humans , Male , Mutagens/toxicity , Organophosphorus Compounds/toxicity , Phosphates/toxicitySubject(s)
Enterosorption , Lead Poisoning/therapy , Animals , Dogs , Evaluation Studies as Topic , Lead Poisoning/blood , Trace Elements/bloodABSTRACT
Studies performed at a zinc plant's electrolysis shop revealed a reason accounting for the uneven distribution of different chemical compounds in the working zone air. It was established that the 'layer' distribution of the chemical substances depended on the ir respective specific weights, which is important for hygienic assessments of occupational conditions.
