ABSTRACT
Umbilical hernia is a common type of extra-abdominal hernia in adults. However, chronic granulocytic leukemia in combination with cirrhotic ascites and renal insufficiency is less common. The patient reported here had both indications and contraindications for emergency surgery; therefore, the treatment options were subject to debate. We report the case of a man in his 60s who had a strangulated umbilical hernia, with overlying purple-colored infected and necrotic skin. The area was painful, but his bowel movements were normal. Patients underwent comprehensive conservative management, and remote follow-ups via telephone and video conferencing for a period of 60 days, during which the incarcerated contents of the hernia eventually retracted and his pain was relieved, such that there were no longer indications for emergency surgery. In addition, his skin infection disappeared and his quality of life improved, and therefore the treatment outcomes were good. Thus, we provide evidence that not all incarcerated umbilical hernias require emergency surgery, but may respond well to conservative treatment when the contents do not include intestinal loops or other critical organs.
Subject(s)
Hernia, Umbilical , Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Ascites/etiology , Hernia, Umbilical/etiology , Hernia, Umbilical/surgery , Liver Cirrhosis/complications , Quality of LifeABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effect of miR-93-5p on the expression of hepatocyte growth factor(HGF),glucose transporter 4(GLUT4)and distribution of GLUT4 in insulin resistance cell model.Methods The cells were divided into control group,model group,miR-93-5p inhibitor group,inhibitor-NC group,miR-93-5p mimics group and mimics-NC group.The cells in control group were cultured normally,while insulin resistance cell model was constructed in cells of model group.The other groups were transfected with miR-93-5p inhibitor,inhibitor-NC,miR-93-5p mimics and mimics-NC,respectively.And the insulin resistance model was constructed after transfection.Cell viability was detected by CCK-8.The kit was used to measure the glu-cose content in the cell supernatant and the glucose consumption was calculated.The expressions of miR-93-5p,HGF and GLUT4 mRNA were detected by qPCR.The expressions of HGF and GLUT4 protein were detected by Western blotting.The expression and distribution of GLUT4 were detected by immunofluorescence.Results Compared with the control group,the cell survival rate,glucose consumption,HGF,GLUT4 mRNA and protein expression levels were significantly decreased(all P<0.01),miR-93-5p level was significantly increased(P<0.01),and GLUT4 membrane distribution was decreased in the model group.Compared with the model group,the cell survival rate,glucose consumption,HGF,GLUT4 mRNA and protein expres-sion levels were significantly increased(all P<0.05),miR-93-5p level was significantly decreased(P<0.01),and GLUT4 mem-brane distribution was increased in the miR-93-5p inhibitor group.The results were opposite in the miR-93-5p mimics group.Conclusion miR-93-5p can inhibit the expression of HGF and GLUT4 and reduce the membrane distribution of GLUT4 in insulin resistance cell model,which can promote insulin resistance.
ABSTRACT
Seven compounds were isolated from fermentation extract of cave-derived Metarhizium anisopliae NHC-M3-2 by silica gel, semi-preparative HPLC and other chromatographic methods. Their structures were elucidated by UV, IR, MS and NMR methods as 2,3-dehydroindigotide G (1), (-)-regiolone (2), naphtho-γ-pyrone (3), indigotide G (4), indigotide B (5) destruxin A (6) and destruxin B (7). Compound 1 is a new glycoside naphthopyranone compound. The anti-hepatitis B virus (HBV) activity of these compounds was evaluated. The EC50 and CC50 of compound 3 against HBV were 4.5 μmol·L-1 and 92.3 μmol·L-1, respectively. This is the first report of the antiviral activity of compound 3.
ABSTRACT
Hierarchically structured chiral luminescent materials hold promise for achieving efficient circularly polarized luminescence. However, a feasible chemical route to fabricate hierarchically structured chiral luminescent polycrystals is still elusive because of their complex structures and complicated formation process. We here report a biomimetic non-classical crystallization (BNCC) strategy for preparing efficient hierarchically structured chiral luminescent polycrystals using well-designed highly luminescent homochiral copper(I)-iodide hybrid clusters as basic units for non-classical crystallization. By monitoring the crystallization process, we unravel the BNCC mechanism, which involves crystal nucleation, nanoparticles aggregation, oriented attachment, and mesoscopic transformation processes. We finally obtain the circularly polarized phosphors with both high luminescent efficiency of 32% and high luminescent dissymmetry factor of 1.5 × 10-2, achieving the demonstration of a circularly polarized phosphor converted light emitting diode with a polarization degree of 1.84% at room temperature. Our designed BNCC strategy provides a simple, reliable, and large-scale synthetic route for preparing bright circularly polarized phosphors.
Subject(s)
Biomimetics , Luminescent Measurements , Crystallization , LuminescenceABSTRACT
The syntheses of valence tautomeric compounds with multistep transitions using new redox-active ligands are the long-term goal of the field of bistable materials. The redox-active tetraoxolene ligand, 2,7-di-tert-butylpyrene-4,5,9,10-tetraone (pyreneQ-Q), is now developed to synthesize a pair of dinuclear compounds {[CoL2]2(pyreneSq-Sq)}[Co(CO)4]2·xCH2Cl2·2C6H5CH3 (1, x = 2, L = 1,10-phenanthroline, phen; 2, x = 1.5, L = 2,2'-bipyridine, bpy). Variable-temperature magnetic susceptibilities and single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements indicate a partial one-step valence tautomeric transition for 1 and a rare two-step valence tautomeric transition for 2, respectively. DFT calculation results are consistent with the experimental data, revealing the correlation between thermodynamic parameters and the one-step/two-step valence tautomeric behaviors.
ABSTRACT
Two transition metal complexes {[Co2(bpda)4(H2O)2]·4H2O}n(Co-1) and {[Ni(bpda)2(H2O)2]·2H2O}(Ni-2) (H2bpda = 2,2'-bipyridine-4,4'-dicarboxylic acid) have been synthesized by a hydrothermal method and characterized. These two compounds can be explored as stable electrocatalysts in the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) using two important parameters: the overpotential and Tafel slope (TS). Electrochemical studies suggest that the reaction kinetics of a Co-1 catalyst is more favorable than that of a Ni-2 catalyst. Co-1 exhibits better HER performance with an overpotential of 182 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2, a small TS of 87.21 mV dec-1 and superior long-term durability (of up to 3000 cycles). Structural analysis shows that its catalytic activity is improved due to the two mixed valence cobalt ions and the pore structure formed by hydrogen bonds in Co-1, which is different from that of Ni-2. In addition, the mechanism of the HER is also explained theoretically by DFT molecular orbital and free energy calculations in this article.
ABSTRACT
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) is one of the most frequent genetic abnormalities and the leading genetic cause of nonobstructive azoospermia. The breeding and study of KS mouse models are essential to advancing our knowledge of the underlying pathological mechanism. Karyotyping and fluorescence in situ hybridization are reliable methods for identifying chromosomal contents. However, technical issues associated with these methods can decrease the efficiency of breeding KS mouse models and limit studies that require rapid identification of target mice. To overcome these limitations, we developed three polymerase chain reaction-based assays to measure specific genetic information, including presence or absence of the sex determining region of chromosome Y (Sry), copy number of amelogenin, X-linked (Amelx), and inactive X specific transcripts (Xist) levels. Through a combined analysis of the assay results, we can infer the karyotype of target mice. We confirmed the utility of our assays with the successful generation of KS mouse models. Our assays are rapid, inexpensive, high capacity, easy to perform, and only require small sample amounts. Therefore, they facilitate the breeding and study of KS mouse models and help advance our knowledge of the pathological mechanism underlying KS.
Subject(s)
Animals , Mice , Azoospermia , In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence , Karyotyping , Klinefelter Syndrome/genetics , Polymerase Chain ReactionABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Coumarin structures were widely employed in anti-cancer drug design. Herein we focused on the modifications of C4 and C6 positions on coumarin scaffold to get novel anti-cancer agents. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the current work was the synthesis and biological evaluation of a series of 4, 6-coumarin derivatives to get novel anticancer agents. METHODS: Thirty-seven coumarin derivatives were designed and synthesized, the antiproliferative activity of the compounds was evaluated against human cancer cell lines and non-cancerous cells by MTT assay. The bioactivities and underlying mechanisms of active molecules were studied and the ADMET characters were predicted. RESULTS: Among the compounds, 4-p-hydroxy phenol-6-pinacol borane coumarin (25) exhibited a promising anti- cancer activity to cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner and the toxicity to normal cells was low. The mechanism of action was observed by inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis which was further confirmed via western blot. In silico ADMET prediction revealed that compound 25 is a drug-like small molecule with a favorable safety profile. CONCLUSION: The findings in this work may give vital information for further development of 6-pinacol borane coumarin derivatives as novel anti-cancer agents.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Apoptosis/drug effects , Coumarins/pharmacology , Drug Design , Antineoplastic Agents/chemical synthesis , Antineoplastic Agents/chemistry , Cell Cycle Checkpoints/drug effects , Cell Movement/drug effects , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Cells, Cultured , Coumarins/chemical synthesis , Coumarins/chemistry , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor , Humans , Male , Molecular Docking Simulation , Molecular Structure , Structure-Activity RelationshipABSTRACT
Chemical constituents were isolated and purified from fruiting bodies of Ganoderma calidophilum by various column chromatographic techniques, and their chemical structures were identified through combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectral data. As a result, 11 compounds were isolated and identified as(24E)-lanosta-8,24-dien-3,11-dione-26-al(1), ganoderone A(2), 3-oxo-15α-acetoxy-lanosta-7,9(11), 24-trien-26-oleic acid(3),(23E)-27-nor-lanosta-8,23-diene-3,7,25-trione(4), ganodecanone B(5), ganoderic aldehyde A(6), 11β-hydroxy-lucidadiol(7), 3,4-dihydroxyacetophenone(8), methyl gentiate(9), ganoleucin C(10), ganotheaecolumol H(11). Among them, compound 1 is a new triterpenoid. The cytotoxic activities of all of the compounds against tumor cell lines were evaluated. The results showed that compounds 1, 3, 4 and 6 showed cytotoxic activity against BEL-7402, with IC_(50) values of 26.55, 11.35, 23.23, 18.66 μmol·L~(-1); compounds 1 and 3-6 showed cytotoxic activity against K562, with IC_(50) values of 5.79, 22.16, 12.16, 35.32, and 5.59 μmol·L~(-1), and compound 4 showed cytotoxic activity against A549, with IC_(50) value of 42.50 μmol·L~(-1).
Subject(s)
Cell Line, Tumor , Fruiting Bodies, Fungal , Ganoderma , Molecular Structure , Triterpenes/pharmacologyABSTRACT
At present, cancer has become a major disease threatening human health worldwide. Therefore, developing targeting guided multimode synergetic therapy has become one of the hot spots in current antitumor research and is also a great challenge. Herein, a new Fe3O4/g-C3N4@PPy-DOX nanocomposite containing magnetic iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles (NPs), lamellar structure of graphite-like carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and polypyrrole (PPy) shell with the loaded anti-tumor drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX) was designed and prepared. The monodisperse Fe3O4 nanoparticles (NPs) with the diameter of 20 nm endowed the nanocomposite with the magnetic targeting ability, reducing damage to normal tissues. It is very interesting that the Fe3O4 NPs also possessed photosensitizer function for photodynamic therapy (PDT). The g-C3N4 sheets as the photocatalysis towards the degradation of water for generating O2 could effectively improve the hypoxia of solid tumors and increase the efficiency of PDT. In addition, PPy has high light-to-heat conversion efficiency, so was chosen for the cancer photothermal therapy (PTT). Finally, an anticancer drug (DOX) was loaded on the nanocomposite because the presence of mesoporous structure. Thus, the prepared Fe3O4/g-C3N4@PPy-DOX nanocomposites exhibit synergetic chemotherapy/PTT/enhanced PDT antitumor effect. This study provides an inspiration for combining targeting and multimodality to improve the anticancer efficiency.
Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Doxorubicin/pharmacology , Graphite/chemistry , Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles/chemistry , Nanocomposites/chemistry , Neoplasms/drug therapy , Nitrogen Compounds/chemistry , Polymers/chemistry , Pyrroles/chemistry , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/chemistry , Cell Survival/drug effects , Doxorubicin/chemistry , Hep G2 Cells , Humans , Hyperthermia, Induced/methods , Hypoxia/metabolism , Neoplasms/metabolism , Photochemotherapy/methods , Photosensitizing Agents/chemistry , Phototherapy/methodsABSTRACT
Previous studies have shown that forkhead box P4 antisense RNA 1 (FOXP4-AS1) is dysregulated in tumor tissues and can serve as a prognostic indicator for multiple cancers. However, the clinical significance of FOXP4-AS1 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. The goal of this study is to recognize the possible clinical significance of long noncoding RNA FOXP4-AS1 in patients with early stage PDAC. A total of 112 patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) PDAC cohort, receiving RNA sequencing, were involved in the study. Survival analysis, functional mechanism, and potential small molecule drugs of target therapy of FOXP4-AS1 were performed in this study. Survival analysis in TCGA PDAC cohort suggested that patients with high FOXP4-AS1 expression had significantly augmented possibility of death than in PDAC patients with lower FOXP4-AS1 expression (adjusted P = .008; adjusted HR = 2.143, 95% CI = 1.221-3.760). In this study, a genome-wide RNA sequencing dataset was used to identify 927 genes co-expressing with FOXP4-AS1 in PDAC tumor tissues. A total of 676 differentially expressed genes were identified between different FOXP4-AS1 expression groups. Functional enrichment analysis of these genes and gene set enrichment analysis for PDAC genome-wide RNA sequencing dataset was done. We have found that FOXP4-AS1 may function in PDAC by participating in biological processes and pathways including oxidative phosphorylation, tricarboxylic acid cycle, classical tumor-related pathways such as NF-kappaB as well as Janus kinase/signal transducers in addition to activators of transcription, cell proliferation, and adhesion. In addition, we also screened two potential targeted therapeutic small molecule drugs (dimenhydrinate and metanephrine) for FOXP4-AS1 in PDAC. In conclusion, our present study demonstrated that higher expression of FOXP4-AS1 in PDAC tumor tissues were related with an inferior medical outcome. Through multiple genome-wide approaches, we identified the potential molecular mechanisms of FOXP4-AS1 in PDAC and two targeted therapeutic drugs for it.
Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/mortality , Pancreatic Neoplasms/mortality , RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism , Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology , Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Biomarkers, Tumor/antagonists & inhibitors , Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/genetics , Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/therapy , Cell Proliferation/genetics , Citric Acid Cycle/genetics , Cohort Studies , Datasets as Topic , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Staging , Nomograms , Oxidative Phosphorylation , Pancreas/pathology , Pancreas/surgery , Pancreatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics , Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy , Pancreaticoduodenectomy , RNA, Long Noncoding/antagonists & inhibitors , RNA-Seq , Survival AnalysisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the genome-wide DNA methylation differences in umbilical cord blood nucleated red blood cells (NRBCs) between term and preterm infants by using the methylation gene chip technology, and to screen the genes of differential methylation and biological signaling pathways which may be related to the expression of γ-globin gene (HBG).@*METHODS@#Umbilical cord bloods of eight term infants and eight preterm infants were collected, and NRBCs of each sample was isolated, then genome DNA was extracted and bisulfite conversion was performed. The DNA methylation sites were detected by using the Illumina 850K BeadChip. Differential DNA methylation sites were screened, and the function of genes with differential methylation was analyzed by using GO and KEGG enrichment analysis.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the preterm group, 4749 differential DNA methylation sites of term group were screened out, including 4359 hypomethylation sites and 390 hypermethylation sites. GO and KEGG analysis indicated that the function of genes with differential methylation mainly involved in the hemopoietic system, growth and development process, Wnt and Notch signal pathways.@*CONCLUSION@#The differentical methylation sites at genome-wide level in umbilicar cord blood NRBC of term and preterm infants have been obtained, and the signal pathway and genes which possibily related with swiching the expression of γ-globin gene to β-globin gene have been screened-out. This study provide the new targets for studing the mechamism regulating expression of HBG gene.
Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , DNA , DNA Methylation , Epigenesis, Genetic , Fetal Blood , Genome, Human , Infant, PrematureABSTRACT
Helicobacter pylori infection is related to the development of gastric diseases. Our previous studies showed that high thioredoxin-1 (Trx1) expression in H. pylori can promote gastric carcinogenesis. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, we performed an isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ)-based quantitative proteomic analysis of stomach tissues from Mongolian gerbil infected with H. pylori expressing high and low Trx1. Differences in the profiles of the expressed proteins were analyzed by bioinformatics and verified using Western blot analysis. We found three candidate proteins, 14-3-3α/β, glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), in high Trx1 tissues compared with low Trx1 tissues and concluded that cellular stress and redox activity-related proteins were involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer associated with H. pylori Trx1.
Subject(s)
Animals , 14-3-3 Proteins/physiology , Computational Biology , Gerbillinae , Glutathione Transferase/physiology , HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins/physiology , Helicobacter Infections/complications , Helicobacter pylori , Oxidation-Reduction , Stomach Neoplasms/etiology , Stress, Physiological , Thioredoxins/physiologyABSTRACT
Objective To study the effect of nursing intervention on the catheter prolapse of the powerpPICC (high pressure injection type PICC catheter). Methods A total of 140 patients with powerpPICC were divided into observation group and control group by the catheter inserting time, with 70 cases in each group. The observation group received conventional nursing care, and the control group the targeted care measures based on analysis of catheter prolapse in the observation group. Result The rate of catheter prolapse in the observation group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions The prolapse of powerpPICC is related to catheter material, exposed length, fixed method, patient's compliance, catheter caring method. The care measures based on the different causes can decrease the rate of catheter prolapse and extend its duration.
ABSTRACT
In order to study the chemical constituents of n-butanol fraction of ethanol extract from Chinese agarwood induced by artificial holing, various chromatographic techniques were carried out to isolate compounds, and the structures of compounds were determined through a combined analysis of physicochemical properties and spectroscopic evidence. Seven compounds were obtained and identified as selina-3,11-dien-9,15-diol (1), aquilarone D (2), 5α,6β,7α,8β-tetrahydroxy-2-[2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl]-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrochromone (3), 6,7-dimethoxy-2-[2-(4-methoxyphenyl)ethyl]chromone (4), syringin (5), methyl (Z)-p-coumarate (6), and 4'-methoxycinnamic acid (7), among which compound 1 was a new compound and compounds 5-7 were isolated from agarwood for the first time. The bioactivity assay results concluded that compounds 6 and 7 showed certain nematicidal activity against Panagrellus redivivus, and compounds 4, 6 and 7 exhibited cytotoxicity against BEL-7402, SGC-7901 and A549 carcinoma cell lines.
ABSTRACT
Glypican-3 (GPC3), a membrane-associated heparan sulfate proteoglycan, is frequently upregulated in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Yes-associated protein (YAP) is also found over-expressed in HCC and has been identified as a key effector molecule in Hippo pathway, which could control the organ size in animals through the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis and plays an important role in the development of malignant tumors. Studies have reported that GPC3 and YAP might collaborate to regulate the development of HCC. To elucidate the role of GPC3 in the development of HCC and its relationship with YAP, siRNA technique was employed to knock down GPC3 in Huh7 HCC cells. Moreover, recombinant human YAP-1 was used to examine the effects of GPC3 on Huh7 cells. The results of flow cytometric analysis and Annexin-V-FLUOS apoptosis assay showed that knockdown of GPC3-induced apoptosis in Huh7 cells, resulting in inhibition of cell proliferation as examined by EdU incorporation assay, migration, and invasion. GPC3 knockdown also suppressed the expression of YAP in mRNA and protein levels, as examined by fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Moreover, addition of recombinant human YAP-1 effectively rescued the cells from apoptosis triggered by GPC3 knockdown. Taken together, our findings suggest that GPC3 regulates HCC cell proliferation with the involvement of Hippo pathway.
Subject(s)
Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/metabolism , Glypicans/genetics , Phosphoproteins/metabolism , Annexin A5/analysis , Apoptosis/genetics , Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Movement , Cell Proliferation , Down-Regulation , Fluoresceins , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/genetics , Liver Neoplasms/metabolism , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , RNA Interference , RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis , RNA, Small Interfering , Recombinant Proteins/metabolism , Transcription Factors , YAP-Signaling ProteinsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To tentatively establish a diagnosis and treatment mode for effectively controlling the progress of cerebral microlesions (CM) and preventing the incidence of cerebral infarction (CI) by comparing different intervention modes for treating CM.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Using a prospective, nonrandomized, controlled trial, 408 subjects with multiple CM were assigned to the Chinese medical pharmacy intervention group (Group A, 100 case), the aspirin intervention group (Group B, 104 cases), the negative control group (Group C, 100 cases), and the non-intervention group (Group D, 104 cases). No intervention was given to those in Group D. Patients in the other 3 groups were intervened by life style and routine therapies of vasculogenic risk factors. Those in Group A took Guizhi Fuling Pill (GFP) and earthworm powder additionally. Those in Group B took aspirin additionally. They were routinely followed-up. The CM, the changes of vasculogenic risk factors, and the incidence rate of CI were compared among the 4 groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The total effective rate of CM was 66.67% in Group A, obviously higher than that of Group B (52.32%), Group C (42.86%), and Group D (37.04%), respectively. It was obviously higher in Group B than in Group D, showing statistical difference (P <0.01, P <0.05). After treatment, the serum levels of LDL-C, TC, and TG were obviously lower in Group A than in Group B (P <0.05); the serum levels of LDL-C and TC were obviously lower in Group A than in Group C (P <0.01); the systolic pressure was obviously lower in Group A than in Group D (P <0.05). The systolic pressure and the serum TC level were obviously lower in Group C than in Group D (P <0.05). The incidence rate of CI was 2.17% (2/92 cases) in Group A, obviously lower than that of Group C (11.36% ,10/88 cases) and Group D (14.44%, 13/90 cases), showing statistical difference (P <0.05). But there was no statistical difference between Group A and Group B (6.74% ,6/89 cases) (P >0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>GFP combined earthworm powder could treat CM, control vasculogenic risk factors, and finally prevent the incidence of CI. Standard Chinese medical intervention mode showed the optimal effects in treating CM and preventing the incidence of CI, and perhaps it could be spread clinically.</p>
Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Aspirin , Therapeutic Uses , Brain , Pathology , Cerebral Infarction , Drug Therapy , Pathology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Therapeutic Uses , Phytotherapy , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The research was conducted to study the breeding system of Prunella vulgaris L. Flowering dynamics was observed. Pollen viability, stigma receptivity, pollen-ovule ratio (P/O), out-crossing index (OCI) were measured. Bagging experiments were conducted. The results showed that the life span of one single flower was 1-2 days, the flowering span for the inflorescence of stalk was 7-14 days, the P/O was 1 046+/-148. 26, the OCI was 2. Combined with results of bagging experiment, the breeding system of P. vulgaris L. was mixed with cross-polination and self pollination. In the absence of pollination insects, the pollination and fertilization can be accomplished with high seed setting rate, and the seeds have a relatively high germination rate.
Subject(s)
Breeding , Pollen , Physiology , Pollination , Prunella , Physiology , Tissue SurvivalABSTRACT
To determine the optimal condition of pollen germination. The pollen of Prunella vulgaris was cultured in vitro. Pollen germination rates were recorded using 10% H3BO4, 30% Ca(NO3)2, 20% MgSO4 and 10% KNO3 as the basic mineral medium with PEG of different molecular weight, sucrose of various density and multiple pH value. The rates were also measured under different cultivation temperature and pollen acquisition time. The optimal condition of pollen germination is 10% H3 BO4, 30% Ca(NO3)2, 20% MgSO4, 10% KNO3, and 25% PEG-4000 as the medium, with pH about 6. 5 and pollen acquired at the beginning of blossom.
Subject(s)
Flowers , Physiology , Pollen , Physiology , Prunella , PhysiologyABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate cause of chronic wounds and related status of patients so as to provide strategy for study and treatment of chronic wounds and establishment of health policy.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of twelve thousand one hundred and sixty-one cases hospitalized in our hospital in 2008 were enrolled in the study. A chronic wound was defined as skin tissue defect which could not heal after one month of treatment. Medical records were thus screened. Then a retrospective study was performed on patients with chronic wounds with analysis of age, gender, injury cause, therapy, and average length of hospital stay. Data were processed with chi-square test and one-way analysis of variance.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Investigation showed: 397 out of 12 161 cases (accounting for 3.3%) were recognized as having chronic wounds. (1) The main causes for chronic wound were burn, diabetes, and pressure ulcer, accounting for 59.9% (238/397), 15.6% (62/397), 10.8% (43/397), respectively. The other causes were operative injury, infection, varicosity, etc. There was statistical difference among the numbers of patients with chronic wounds with regard to various causes of injury (χ(2) = 136.21, P = 0.001). (2) Among patients with chronic wound, the ratio of male and female was 2.0:1.0 with mean age of (44 ± 23) years, and the highest ratio occurred in patients older than 70 years. There was significant difference in the numbers of patients with chronic wound among different age groups (χ(2) = 24.12, P = 0.025). There was statistical difference among the numbers of patients with chronic wound in different age groups with each cause of injury (with χ(2) values from 7.86 to 28.31, P values all below 0.05). (3) All patients with chronic wounds received traditional dressing. In 60.5% (240/397) and 86.4% (343/397) of patients, operative treatment or antibiotics were given. (4) The average length of hospital stay in patients with chronic wound [(38 ± 27) d] was longer as compared with that of all the inpatients in the same period [(15 ± 7) d, F = 22.82, P = 0.012]. There was obvious difference in the average length of hospital stay among patients with chronic wound caused by different reasons (F = 24.06, P = 0.036), in which burn injury resulted in the longest length of hospital stay [(47 ± 27) d].</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Chronic wounds are mainly caused by diabetes and burn, and characterized by old age and longer length of hospital stay. It is necessary to strengthen translational research and related policy making, so that more rational treatment can be applied for patients with chronic wounds.</p>