ABSTRACT
An ELISA test was used to determine the persistence of antibody levels in horses following treatment for Trypanosoma evansi. In 17 horses with T. evansi from two farms treated and cured with quinapyramine sulphate, ELISA antibody levels fell progressively post-treatment, but remained with positive results for 22.6 months in one horse, 12.8 months in a second, 4.1 months in another four and 2.3 months in three, whilst the rest became negative at 2.3 months. In two horses that suffered a post-treatment infection relapse the decrease in ELISA levels was only temporary, and a new increase in antibody levels was proven. The follow-up of these antibody levels could prove useful in clinical cases and in epidemiological studies, as well as for assessing the efficacy of drug treatment.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Horse Diseases/drug therapy , Horse Diseases/immunology , Quinolinium Compounds/therapeutic use , Trypanosoma/immunology , Trypanosomiasis/drug therapy , Trypanosomiasis/veterinary , Animals , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Horse Diseases/parasitology , Horses , Time Factors , Trypanocidal Agents/therapeutic use , Trypanosomiasis/immunologyABSTRACT
Unknown male, larva and pupa of Stibasoma theotaenia from northern Argentina are described and illustrated. Larvae were collected from terrestrial Bromeliaceae of Aechnea sp. and maintained in the laboratory through development.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Diptera/anatomy & histology , Larva/anatomy & histology , Pupa/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Unknown male, larva and pupa of Stibasoma theotaenia from northern Argentina are described and illustrated. Larvae were collected from terrestrial Bromeliaceae of Aechnea sp. and maintained in the laboratory through development.
Subject(s)
Diptera/anatomy & histology , Animals , Larva/anatomy & histology , Male , Pupa/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
A larva with peculiar very long pubescence on the integument, the pupa of Cryptotylus unicolor, and the larva and pupa of Tabanus nebolosus ornativentris are described and illustrated.
Subject(s)
Animals , Diptera/embryologyABSTRACT
On the basis of positive skin snips for Onchocerca cervicalis microfilariae (MF), 45 horses were chosen from 48 in a total of 257 screened on 12 locations in the northeast Province of Formosa (Argentina), and randomly assigned to two treatment groups of 20 horses each, and a nontreated control group of five horses. On Day 14 post-treatment (PT), skin snip samples in the ivermectin-treated (0.2 mg/kg) group were negative for normal viable microfilariae (MF), while horses in the control group maintained their pretreatment level of infection. On the same Day in the moxidectin-treated (0.4 mg/kg) group, 18 horses were negative for MF, but the remaining two had a total of 1 and 2 MF, respectively (equivalent to 10 and 20 MF/g of skin), but all three parasites showed marked cuticular and structural damage. Both horses were negative in a repeat biopsy on Day 21. From Day 3 PT, one ivermectin-treated horse (5%) evidenced an approximate 15 x 2 x 3 cm-sized, apparently nonpainful, oedematous swelling on the ventral midline, 20 cm in front of the navel, which remained unchanged on Day 14 PT. Adverse reactions were not observed in the moxidectin-treated group. Parasitaemia was found in 18.7% of sampled horses (48 of 257), and the number of MF varied between 10-1820/g of skin snip (mean 172). Similar prevalence and total counts had been described previously in 1985 and 1986 in cattle-farm horses in the same area of Argentina; in surveys in Texas (1974) and Louisiana (1995) in the USA, infection rates were also similar, but total counts much higher. It is concluded that moxidectin 2% equine oral gel and ivermectin 2% equine oral paste, were equally 100% effective in the control of O. cervicalis MF. Contrary to ivermectin, moxidectin did not cause post-treatment dermal reactions.
Subject(s)
Anthelmintics/therapeutic use , Horse Diseases/drug therapy , Ivermectin/therapeutic use , Onchocerciasis/veterinary , Administration, Oral , Animals , Anthelmintics/administration & dosage , Anti-Bacterial Agents , Argentina , Female , Gels , Horse Diseases/parasitology , Horses , Ivermectin/administration & dosage , Macrolides/administration & dosage , Macrolides/therapeutic use , Male , Ointments , Onchocerca/isolation & purification , Onchocerciasis/drug therapy , Skin/parasitologyABSTRACT
Larva and pupa of Myiotabanus barrettoi living between leaves of Pistia stratiotes in ponds of Formosa Province (Argentina) are described. As immature stages of Lepiselaga crassipes inhabit the same environment and have very a similar appearance, new information on ornamentation and morphology is added to differentiate both species. Larvae and pupae were maintained individually in moist vials at laboratory temperature until adults emerged.
Subject(s)
Animals , Diptera/physiology , Larva/physiologyABSTRACT
Tritrichomonas foetus infection was investigated in 76 pregnant and 64 non-pregnant cows slaughtered in the local abbattoir and in two different lots of first-service heifers that were found to be non-pregnant 60 days post breeding (PB). In live and slaughtered animals, mucus samples were obtained from the vagina and from the vagina and uterus, respectively, using a "screw-head scraper rod". In pregnant cows, samples of amniotic and allantoid fluid were also collected, as well as samples from the stomach contents of the fetuses. All samples were cultured in Modified Plastridge Medium. T. foetus was isolated from three pregnant and two non-pregnant slaughtered cows. Parasites were recovered from the vagina of these five cows, as well as from the uterus in two cases and from the fetus in one case. Lot I of first-service heifers consisted of 323 females from eight different farms. Bulls infected with T. foetus from these farms were culled or treated, and heifers found empty at diagnosis of pregnancy were culled. Lot II consisted of 120 heifers from a single farm where T. foetus was controlled only in bulls. All heifers from Lot I were T. foetus negative. In Lot II, 12 of 120 heifers (10%) were T. foetus positive. In ten of these the parasites were observed once, in one at 60 days PB, in seven at 160 days PB and in two at 240 days PB; in the remaining two infected heifers, an irregular pattern of isolation persisted during 300 days PB. On the basis of these results, control methods are discussed and analysed.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases , Cattle/parasitology , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/veterinary , Protozoan Infections, Animal , Tritrichomonas foetus/isolation & purification , Allantois/parasitology , Amniotic Fluid/parasitology , Animals , Argentina/epidemiology , Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Female , Incidence , Male , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/epidemiology , Protozoan Infections/epidemiology , Uterus/parasitology , Vagina/parasitologyABSTRACT
The fungus Curvularia verruculosa, which produces eumycotic mycetomas, was isolated from skin of horses with granulomatous lesions on the legs. The isolation was made in Sabouraud dextrose agar medium. The horses came from Comandante Fontana suburb, Formosa-Argentina. This finding would be the first report of Curvularia in horses in Argentina.
Subject(s)
Horse Diseases/microbiology , Mitosporic Fungi/isolation & purification , Mycetoma/microbiology , Animals , HorsesABSTRACT
The fungus Curvularia verruculosa, which produces eumycotic mycetomas, was isolated from skin of horses with granulomatous lesions on the legs. The isolation was made in Sabouraud dextrose agar medium. The horses came from Comandante Fontana suburb, Formosa-Argentina. This finding would be the first report of Curvularia in horses in Argentina.
ABSTRACT
The fungus Curvularia verruculosa, which produces eumycotic mycetomas, was isolated from skin of horses with granulomatous lesions on the legs. The isolation was made in Sabouraud dextrose agar medium. The horses came from Comandante Fontana suburb, Formosa-Argentina. This finding would be the first report of Curvularia in horses in Argentina.
ABSTRACT
In a total of 165 blood samples from horses in the Province of Formosa (Argentina), the diagnosis for equine trypanosomiasis (T. evansi) was made using Giemsa-stained smears (GSS), wet blood films (WBF), Strout's concentration method (SCM), haematocrit centrifuge technique (HCT), buffy coat method (BCM) and mouse inoculation of blood (MBI). Trypanosoma evansi was demonstrated in 52 samples. Mouse inoculation gave a sensitivity of 88.2%; HCT 71.1%; BCM 63.4%; WBF 53.8%; SCM 46.1% and GSS 45.6%. No single method alone was totally effective. The haematocrit centrifuge technique, mouse inoculation of blood and Giemsa-stained smears were proposed as the most effective diagnostic combination.
Subject(s)
Horse Diseases/diagnosis , Trypanosomiasis/veterinary , Animals , Argentina , Biological Assay , Hematocrit/veterinary , Horse Diseases/blood , Horses , Mice , Predictive Value of Tests , Rats , Trypanosoma/isolation & purification , Trypanosomiasis/blood , Trypanosomiasis/diagnosisABSTRACT
In order to carry out an epidemiological survey of hydatidosis in an area of 1250 km2- in the west of Formosa (Argentina), 19 rural holdings were randomly chosen with a total of 78 settlers, 74 dogs, 972 goats and 2353 cattle. Between March and September 1982, 2171 cattle were slaughtered under veterinary supervision in the municipal abattoir of Las Lomitas, main town in the area Hydatid cysts were found in 63 animals (2.9%). In this area, the slaughtering of goats population, granted special importance to a study of the parasitic cycle of Echinococcus granulosus. Using arecoline hydrobromide the adult cestode was found in 3 of the 74 dogs (4%) on two holdings (10.5%) All the 78 settlers gave negative results to the Arc 5 Double Diffusion Test (DD5) for diagnosis of human hydatidosis.
Subject(s)
Cattle Diseases/epidemiology , Dog Diseases/epidemiology , Echinococcosis/epidemiology , Sheep Diseases/epidemiology , Zoonoses/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Animals , Antibodies, Helminth/analysis , Argentina , Cattle , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Dogs , Echinococcosis/veterinary , Goats , Humans , Infant , Middle Aged , Rural Population , SheepABSTRACT
In order to carry out an epidemiological survey of hydatidosis in an area of 1250 km2- in the west of Formosa (Argentina), 19 rural holdings were randomly chosen with a total of 78 settlers, 74 dogs, 972 goats and 2353 cattle. Between March and September 1982, 2171 cattle were slaughtered under veterinary supervision in the municipal abattoir of Las Lomitas, main town in the area Hydatid cysts were found in 63 animals (2.9
). In this area, the slaughtering of goats population, granted special importance to a study of the parasitic cycle of Echinococcus granulosus. Using arecoline hydrobromide the adult cestode was found in 3 of the 74 dogs (4
) on two holdings (10.5
) All the 78 settlers gave negative results to the Arc 5 Double Diffusion Test (DD5) for diagnosis of human hydatidosis.
