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Emerg Infect Dis ; 18(5): 733-40, 2012 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22515944

ABSTRACT

In Canada before 2005, large outbreaks of pneumococcal disease, including invasive pneumococcal disease caused by serotype 5, were rare. Since then, an epidemic of serotype 5 invasive pneumococcal disease was reported: 52 cases during 2005, 393 during 2006, 457 during 2007, 104 during 2008, and 42 during in 2009. Of these 1,048 cases, 1,043 (99.5%) occurred in the western provinces of Canada. Median patient age was 41 years, and most (659 [59.3%]) patients were male. Most frequently representing serotype 5 cases (compared with a subset of persons with non-serotype 5 cases) were persons who were of First Nations heritage or homeless. Restriction fragment-length polymorphism typing indicated that the epidemic was caused by a single clone, which multilocus sequence typing identified as sequence type 289. Large pneumococcal epidemics might go unrecognized without surveillance programs to document fluctuations in serotype prevalence.


Subject(s)
Epidemics , Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Canada/epidemiology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Multilocus Sequence Typing , Prevalence , Serotyping , Streptococcus pneumoniae/classification , Streptococcus pneumoniae/genetics , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Young Adult
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