ABSTRACT
The live Edmonston-Zagreb measles vaccine is currently produced either on chick-embryo fibroblasts (CEF) or on human diploid cells (HDC). Its stability meets the WHO requirements. Since the vaccine licensure in 1967 the Edmonston-Zagreb measles virus strain has been administered to over 20 million vaccinees either as a monovalent vaccine or as a component of the combined MR, MMR and MM vaccines. Immunogenicity studies have shown the persistence of the elicited HI antibody for a minimum of 16 years. In children aged 13-17 months a greater than 95% seroconversion was recorded after subcutaneous administration both CEF and HDC vaccines. The vaccine has also been shown to be highly immunogenic when administered intranasally. In 6-12 month old infants the Edmonston-Zagreb monovalent vaccine elicited a 100% HI antibody response after both s.c. and i.n. administration. The GMT of antibody 42 days after vaccination was significantly higher in those given HDC vaccine, regardless of the age of the vaccinees or the route of immunization.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral/biosynthesis , Measles Vaccine/immunology , Measles virus/immunology , Mumps Vaccine/immunology , Rubella Vaccine/immunology , Administration, Intranasal , Adolescent , Animals , Cell Line , Chick Embryo , Drug Combinations/administration & dosage , Drug Combinations/immunology , Fibroblasts , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Humans , Infant , Injections, Subcutaneous , Measles Vaccine/administration & dosage , Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine , Mumps Vaccine/administration & dosage , Rubella Vaccine/administration & dosage , Vaccination , Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage , Vaccines, Attenuated/immunologyABSTRACT
Live freeze-dried influenza A/New Jersey/76 vaccine prepared from the "cold-adapted variant" of NIB-3 strain. Three groups of about 50 persons were included in a double-blind placebo-controlled field trial. One group received the vaccine with 7 log EID50/dose, the other 6 log EID50/dose and the third received placebo. One half of persons from each group were given a second dose of the corresponding preparation after two weeks. The immunogenicity of the vaccine was evaluated by the determination of HI antibody conversion rate in seronegative persons. The proportion of vacinated persons with seroconversion, regardless of the number of doses, increased with time, and 16 weeks after vaccination reached the maximum value of 0.87 in persons given vaccine with 7 log EID50 per dose and 0.55 in those given 6 log EID50/dose. In twice-vaccinated persons the proportion of seroconversion was higher regardless of the virus titre of the vaccine. The highest proportion of seroconversion (0.93) was recorded in persons vaccinated twice with 7 log EID50/dose 16 weeks after vaccination.
Subject(s)
Antibodies, Viral , Hemagglutinins, Viral , Influenza A virus/immunology , Influenza Vaccines , Adaptation, Physiological , Adult , Antibody Formation , Clinical Trials as Topic , Cold Temperature , Double-Blind Method , Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests , Humans , Middle Aged , Time Factors , VaccinationSubject(s)
Smallpox Vaccine , Smallpox/prevention & control , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Immunization Schedule , Preventive Health Services , YugoslaviaABSTRACT
Different DPT + typhoid vaccines were produced by two laboratories and tested in the field for untoward local or systemic reactions and in the laboratory for immunogenic properties. The combined DPT and acetone-inactivated and dried typhoid antigen was found to cause more numerous and more severe local and systemic reactions than the DPT and DPT + typhoid (heat-thiomersal) vaccines. The antibody responses to all four antigens in both of the combined DPT + typhoid vaccines were very satisfactory.From the results of these studies it is concluded that quadruple DPT + typhoid vaccine is suitable for use in areas where typhoid fever is a problem and where logistic and other considerations require the use of combined vaccines.