Dental caries as a source of Helicobacter pylori infection in children: An RT-PCR study.

BACKGROUND: Findings on the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity are conflicting. This bacterium can occur either transiently in the oral cavity or, in some situations, pose a threat to oral/gastric tissues. AIM: We investigated the presence of H. pylori in deep carious lesions of children and assessed its association with dental status and caries severity. DESIGN: This cross-sectional study involved 20 children aged 3-6 years attending the paediatric outpatient clinic. Demographic and oral hygiene-related data were obtained from parents/caregivers. Caries status and severity were assessed using the DMFT and ICDAS II indices respectively. Dentine samples were collected and stored in phosphate-buffered saline solution. These samples were assessed for H. pylori using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. DMFT and ICDAS II scores were compared between children with and without H. pylori. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: H. pylori was detected in 70% of children with severe carious lesions (95% confidence interval: 46%-88%). The mean DMFT score was significantly higher in the group with H. pylori than in the group without (p = .001). The prevalence of H. pylori was greater in those with ICDAS II code 6 than in those with ICDAS II code 5 caries. Cavitated carious lesions can serve as a reservoir for H. pylori. Its presence was associated with higher caries status and caries severity (ICDAS II code 6). The presence of H. pylori in such cavities may tip the balance of plaque ecosystem in favour of Streptococcus mutans, the main bacterial source in dental caries.

Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Topical Anesthetic Agents in Controlling Pain during Intraoral Local Anesthetic Administration in Children: A Split-mouth Triple-blinded Randomized Clinical Trial.

AIM: To compare the efficacy of lignocaine and benzocaine when applied as a topical anesthetic before intraoral local anesthetic administration in children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-four patients aged between 4 years and 10 years indicated for pulp therapy of primary teeth under inferior alveolar nerve block were selected for this study. The participants were randomly allocated into two groups of 22 each. Group I (lignocaine gel) and group II (benzocaine gel) were applied before inferior alveolar nerve block. The pain scale was assessed by a trained examiner using the visual analog scale (VAS) and sound eye motor scale. RESULTS: Lignocaine when used as a topical anesthetic agent showed lower mean scores under both the pain scales when compared with benzocaine but the results were statistically insignificant. CONCLUSION: Lignocaine and benzocaine are equally effective when applied as a topical anesthetic agent. But lignocaine was more preferred in taste when compared with benzocaine. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Kotian N, Mani G, Ramakrishnan M. Comparative Evaluation of Two Different Topical Anesthetic Agents in Controlling Pain during Intraoral Local Anesthetic Administration in Children: A Split-mouth Triple-blinded Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2021;14(2):180-182.

Prevalence of Peri-Implantitis and Peri-Implant Mucositis among Implant Patients: A Dental University Based Study.

The term peri-implantitis describes an inflammatory disease that results in the loss of supporting bone around an implant. It differs from mucositis in which the inflammation of mucosa surrounding an implant is not accompanied by bone loss and is reversible. Peri-implant diseases are not uncommon following implant therapy. This study aims to find the incidence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis among patients having undergone implant therapy in dental university hospital in Chennai, India. A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted using 305 samples from the Department of Implantology after reviewing and analyzing the data of 86,000 patients between June 2019 and March 2020. Microsoft Excel® was used to tabulate the data obtained. The variables assessed were age, gender, presence of infection, type of inflammation, and site of implant placement. The sample had a gender distribution of 60.33% males and 39.67% females. Forty-one percent of implant patients belonged to the age group of 36-55 years. The most (27.5%) common site of implant placement was sextant 4 specifically in relation to the first molar; 98.69% of implant sites showed no signs of infection; 0.66% of implants (in one subject) showed peri-implantitis; 0.33% showed peri-implant mucositis; and for 0.33% of implants the data was insufficient for categorization. Within the limits of the study, the incidence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis was 1.31% among implant patients of a dental university hospital in Chennai, India.

Oral Health-Related Quality of Life among Implant-Supported Full-Mouth Rehabilitation Patients Treated in a University Dental Hospital - A Retrospective Study.

Full-mouth rehabilitation is the restoration of the form and function of the masticatory apparatus. Complete dentistry has five comprehensive goals in full-mouth rehabilitation: anatomic harmony, optimal oral health, best aesthetics, occlusal stability, and functional harmony. Oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) has become an important issue in the clinical practice of dentistry. Loss of complete natural teeth and resorption of alveolar bone are considered oral health impairment because they hinder the mastication, phonetics, and aesthetics of the stomatognathic system. A questionnaire was prepared regarding the oral health-related quality of life of implant-supported full-mouth rehabilitation patients, using 2,637 patient records first identified and analyzed according to specific inclusion criteria. Patients who did not fulfill the criteria were not included. Seven patient records were finalized and a telephonic conversation was held to administer the questionnaire. The results obtained were first categorized and analyzed via SPSS as follows: age: 46-60 years; gender: males (57.1%), females (42.9%); difficulties in food chewing: yes (28.6%), no (57.1%), sometimes (14.3%); crown fitting: yes (14.3%), no (85.7%); pain in tissue while masticating: sometimes (14.3%), never (85.7%); self-conscious: yes (57.1%), no (71.4%); changes from natural tooth: yes (28.6%), no (71.4%); difficulties compared with natural teeth: chewing difficult (14.3%), pain (14.3%), no difficulties (71.4%). Within the limits of the study, it was seen that patients with implant-supported full-mouth rehabilitation have improved appearance, better satisfaction, and higher quality of life.

Assessing the quality of root canal filling and instrumentation time using kedo-s files, reciprocating files and k-files / Avaliando a qualidade de obturação e tempo instrumentação usando limas kedo-s, limas reciprocantes e limas k manuais

Objective: Pulpectomy is the conservative treatment approach that retains and preserves the primary tooth in the dental arch in its normal function and non-pathologic state until its exfoliation. Over the years, pulpectomy has been performed using various instrumentation techniques. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of root filing and instrumentation time using Kedo-S files, Reciprocating files and K-files in primary teeth. Material And Methods: A randomized clinical trial was performed on 45 primary molars equally distributed for instrumentation with Kedo-S files, reciprocating files and K-Files. Immediate post-operative digital radiographs were taken to evaluate the quality of root filing and root canal instrumentation time was also recorded. Results: Mean instrumentation time with Kedo-S was 75.6 seconds, reciprocating file was 190.6 seconds and K-file was 95.4 seconds. Highest optimal fill was obtained with Kedo-S file group, highest overfill was obtained with Kedo-S group and highest under fill was obtained with reciprocating file group. Conclusion: Kedo-S rotary system provides better quality of root canal filling in minimum instrumentation time. (AU)

Objetivo: A pulpectomia é o tratamento conservador que retém e preserva o dente decíduo na arcada dentária em sua função normal e estado não patológico até sua esfoliação. Ao longo dos anos, a pulpectomia foi realizada usando várias técnicas de instrumentação. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar a qualidade da obturação do canal radicular e do tempo de instrumentação usando limas Kedo-S, limas reciprocantes e limas K em dentes decíduos. Material e Métodos: Foi realizado um ensaio clínico randomizado em 45 molares decíduos distribuídos igualmente para instrumentação com limas Kedo-S, limas reciprocantes e limas K. Radiografias digitais pós-operatórias imediatas foram realizadas para avaliar a qualidade da obturação e também foi registrado o tempo de instrumentação do canal radicular. Resultados: O tempo médio de instrumentação com Kedo-S foi de 75,6 segundos, com limas reciprocantes foi de 190,6 segundos e com limas K foi de 95,4 segundos. O maior índice de obturação ideal foi obtido com o grupo de limas Kedo-S, o maior índice de sobreobturação foi obtido com o grupo Kedo-S e o maior índice de infraobturação foi obtido com o grupo de limas reciprocantes. Conclusão: O sistema rotatório Kedo-S fornece melhor qualidade de obturação do canal radicular em tempo mínimo de instrumentação.(AU)

Interventions in management of dental fluorosis, an endemic disease: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Mottling and pitting of enamel due to excess fluoride consumption may affect one's self-esteem due to unaesthetic appearance and also in turn can affect the quality of life. This present study was conducted to assess various treatment approaches available for patients with dental fluorosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literatures were searched from August 1998 to August 2019 for articles in the management of dental fluorosis. The databases used were National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Google Scholar. In NCBI, the filters were modified to randomized controlled trial, clinical trial, human trial, and free full-text articles. The following queries were used in order to search for the article: treatment for dental fluorosis, intervention of dental fluorosis, and management of dental fluorosis. RESULTS: All the five studies selected after screening were randomized controlled trials. Total number of patients included in this study were 304 with the mean age of 17.7 years old. They were treated with microabrasion, bleaching, resin infiltration or combination of microabrasion with bleaching, and resin infiltration with bleaching. Microabrasion resulted in less esthetic improvement compared with bleaching. Meanwhile, resin infiltration showed a greater improvement in esthetics in comparison to bleaching. Resin infiltration with additional infiltration time and combination of resin infiltration with bleaching are the best treatment options. CONCLUSION: Based on this systematic review, resin infiltration with increased infiltration time is the best treatment approach in treating dental fluorosis.