ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The most common diagnostic technique for the detection of malignant/atypical urothelial cells (m/AUC) is urinary cytology (Ucytol). Urinary sediment (Used) examination, often prescribed for asymptomatic, healthy subjects, can incidentally identify suspicious/AUC (s/AUC) in routine daily practice. METHODS: Unstained, unfixed and uncentrifuged urine samples were analyzed with an automated intelligent microscopy (AIM) system. From January 2010, any incidental identification of s/AUC through expert revision of unclassified cell images was reported, according to internal protocols, as an additional note on the patients' laboratory report. Patients' symptomatology or previous history was unknown to the pathologist. All referrals from January 2010 to December 2014, with the s/AUC note, were reviewed and cross-referenced with Ucytol and histology data from a central database. RESULTS: Of the 162 patients identified with s/AUC (0.1/1000 samples), 84% (n=136) performed further Ucytol and/or histological examinations. The sensitivity of the identification of non-transitory AUC at Used was 87.5%. Positive histological examinations were 91.2% classified as high-grade urothelial carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Routine Used examination, with an AIM and expert revision, can identify the presence of AUC in a clinical laboratory setting, and for some subjects, may anticipate bladder carcinoma diagnosis.
Subject(s)
Automation , Incidental Findings , Urinalysis/methods , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/diagnosis , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/urine , Urothelium/pathology , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Male , Microscopy , Middle Aged , Urinary Bladder Neoplasms/pathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
The Authors review the principal materials used for pulp and dentine protection. Them they examine the main characteristics of each materials about different clinical situations.
Subject(s)
Calcium Hydroxide , Dental Cavity Lining , Dental Cements , Dental Pulp , Dentin , Polycarboxylate Cement , Zinc Oxide , Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement , Zinc Phosphate CementABSTRACT
The authors examined the variations of periodontal markers in relation to severity of periodontal diseases. Furthermore they have considered the changes of bacterial flora in the periodontal disease, before and after removal of subgingival plaque.
