Comparative evaluation of clinical efficacy of ß-tri calcium phosphate (Septodont-RTR)™ alone and in combination with platelet rich plasma for treatment of intrabony defects in chronic periodontitis.

AIM: To assess the clinical outcome by comparing ß-tri calcium phosphate (Septodont RTR)™ along with platelet rich plasma (PRP) and ß-tri calcium phosphate (ß-TCP) alone in intrabony defects, by clinical evaluation in a 6-month analysis. METHODOLOGY: Ten patients participated in the study. Using a split-mouth design, interproximal bony defects were surgically treated with either platelet rich plasma (PRP) combined with ß-tri calcium phosphate (ß-TCP) or ß-TCP alone. Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) were recorded 6 months after surgery. RESULTS: At 6 months after therapy, the PRP combined with ß-TCP group showed mean PPD reduction of 2.50, CAL mean gain of 2.60 + 1.43. The ß-TCP group showed mean PPD reduction of 2.80 mm, mean CAL gain of 2.60 mm. On intra-group comparison, there was greater PPD reduction and CAL gain at 6 months in both the groups. In intergroup comparison of PRP/ß-TCP and ß-TCP alone, there was no statistical significant difference observed. (P = 0.55, and 0.87 for PPD and CAL gain). CONCLUSION: Both therapies resulted in significant PPD reduction, CAL gain. The present study shows that treatment of intrabony periodontal defects with combination of PRP and ß-TCP does not have additional improvements when compared with ß-TCP alone within 6 months follow-up.

Effectiveness of sub gingival irrigation of an indigenous 1% curcumin solution on clinical and microbiological parameters in chronic periodontitis patients: A pilot randomized clinical trial.

AIM: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 1% curcumin (CU) solution and compare it with conventional irrigant i.e., 0.2% chlorhexidine (CHX) gluconate and a positive control (saline) as an adjunct to thorough scaling and root planing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 23 patients with non-adjacent probing pocket depths (PPDs) ≥5mm were randomly assigned to CHX, CU and positive control irrigation groups and subjected to randomized single blinded clinical control trial. The clinical parameters bleeding on probing, redness, plaque index, PPD and microbiological parameter N-benzoyl-DL-arginine-2-naphthylamide (BANA) test were evaluated at baseline, 1, 3 and 6 months interval. RESULTS: At 1 month evaluation, CU group showed better results compared with the other groups. However, by the end of the study period CHX group showed the best results with as light recurrence in the CU group. The results of BANA test showed similar results for both CU and CHX group throughout the study period. CONCLUSION: The results of this study show a mild to moderate beneficiary effect of CU irrigation when used as an adjunct to Scaling and root planing. Further studies may be required using varied concentrations of the drug to improve the substantivity of the drug and also to prevent early re-colonization of periodontal pathogens.

Assessment of serum levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in periodontitis patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Periodontal disease is a destructive inflammatory disease inducing profound changes in the plasma concentrations of cytokines leading to a catabolic state characterized by altered lipid metabolism and hypertriglyceridemia. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of periodontal infection on serum levels of triglycerides (TGL), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A sample of 90 subjects; 30 periodontally healthy individuals, 30 chronic gingivitis cases (n=30), and 30 chronic periodontitis cases (n=30) with an age range of 25 to 65 years were included in the study. Periodontal parameters including Plaque Index, Gingival Index, Probing Depth, and Clinical Attachment Level were recorded. Venous blood samples were obtained after 12 hours fasting period from antecubital vein and serum levels of TGL, TC, HDL, and LDL cholesterol were measured. RESULTS: The levels of TGL, TC, and LDL cholesterol were significantly higher for periodontitis group (P<0.05) as compared to gingivitis and periodontally healthy groups. HDL cholesterol levels were significantly lower in periodontitis group (P<0.05) as compared to periodontally healthy and gingivitis groups. CONCLUSION: The results of the present study indicate that periodontal infection has a definite role in altering lipid metabolism leading to hyperlipidemia. However, further studies are required to clarify the relationship between periodontitis and serum lipid levels and to determine whether oral healthcare has the potential to reduce serum lipid levels in otherwise systemically healthy individuals.

The effect of stress on periodontitis: A clinicobiochemical study.

BACKGROUND: Clinical and epidemiological data suggest that negative life experience events, like depression, may contribute to an increased susceptibility to periodontal disease. AIM: To study the association between psychological stress and chronic periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and eleven dentate individuals, of age 40 years and above, were selected. The clinical examination included, the number of teeth present, plaque index, Probing Pocket Depth, and Clinical Attachment Level. Assessment of Psychological stress levels were done by a questionnaire and were correlated with salivary cortisol levels, which were estimated biochemically by using the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) method. RESULTS: Statistical analysis was done by using the student 't' test and Mann Whitney test. According to our observation, chronic periodontitis showed a significant correlation with hypercortisolemia (P<0.0001), work tension (P=0.04), economic problems (P<0.0001), clinical stress syndrome (P<0.0001), plaque index (P<0.0001), and unsecured job (P=0.003). CONCLUSION: Stress may be considered as an important risk factor for periodontal disease. Routine salivary cortisol assessment may be an economical and useful diagnostic marker to rule out stress in periodontitis patients.

Management of an unusual peripheral giant cell granuloma: A diagnostic dilemma.

The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a reactive exophytic lesion of the gingiva and alveolar ridge that usually occurs as a result of local irritating factors such as plaque, calculus, chronic infections, chronic irritation, tooth extraction, improperly finished fillings, unstable dental prosthesis, and impacted food which originates from the periosteum or periodontal ligament. This article presents management of an unusual PGCG located on the partially edentulous mandible.

The relationship between maternal periodontitis and preterm low birth weight: A case-control study.

BACKGROUND: The relationship between periodontal diseases in pregnancy and children born prematurely or with low birth weight has been increasingly investigated, showing positive and negative results, respectively. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association between Maternal Periodontitis and Preterm delivery or Low Birth Weight. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this case-control study, 104 pregnant women without systemic disease or other risk factors for preterm labor were chosen. The control group (n = 52) had term labor (infants ≥37 weeks) and the case group (n = 52) had preterm labor (infants <37 weeks). Plaque index, bleeding index, and birth weight were measured. RESULTS: The data of plaque index (cases 1.21±0.56; controls 0.63±0.31), bleeding index (cases, 2.08±0.62; controls, 1.52±0.61), birth weight (cases, 2.01±0.36; controls 2.87±0.32), and Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) ≥4mm and Clinical Attachment Level (CAL) ≥3mm in at least 4 teeth (odds ratio 137.50, P value < 0.0001) revealed a statistically significant difference between the two groups P< 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: A noticeable relationship between periodontal health and duration of pregnancy; periodontal disease could be a risk factor for preterm labor. Oral hygiene maintenance should be a part of prenatal care protocol.