ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Smoking is associated with increased postoperative complications. Pre-surgical smoking cessation remains a challenge. Our aim was to summarize pre-hospital smoking cessation interventions and impact on smoking cessation rates. METHODS: Independent review of English language articles identified from systematic searches of MEDLINE, PubMed, PsycInfo, Embase, Web of Science, and Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature databases from 1998 to 2019 was performed (PROSPERO registration number CRD42021247927). Studies of adult patients enrolled in a pre-hospital smoking cessation intervention were included. Studies with historical controls or only self-reported outcomes were excluded. RESULTS: Nine articles including 1762 patients were identified. Exhaled CO was used to confirm cessation. Six studies reported smoking status day of surgery. Interventions included NRT, hand-held technology, e-cigarettes, decision aids/counseling and medications. Four studies demonstrated a difference in smoking cessation rates. Ethics and study appraisal were assessed using ROB2. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the variability of interventions, settings, and outcomes, best practice for successful pre-hospital smoking cessation in surgery clinics would benefit from ongoing investigation.
Subject(s)
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems , Smoking Cessation , Adult , Humans , Smoking , Preoperative Care , Postoperative ComplicationsABSTRACT
With the growing obesity epidemic, it is difficult for individual primary care providers to devote the time and effort necessary to achieve meaningful weight loss for significant numbers of patients. A variety of health care professionals provide value and evidence-based care that is effective in treating obesity and other preventable diseases. Multidisciplinary collaboration between primary care physicians and other trained health professionals within patient-centered medical homes offers an effective approach to sustainable behavioral treatment options for individuals who are obese or overweight.
Subject(s)
Health Behavior , Obesity/therapy , Patient Care Team/organization & administration , Patient-Centered Care/organization & administration , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Humans , Overweight/therapyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether maternal prepregnancy shoe size can be used to reliably predict infant birth weight. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional study of 111 consecutive patients admitted to the maternity care unit of a small community hospital. Data collected included prepregnancy height, maternal weight, maternal shoe size, maternal age, gravidity, parity, ethnicity, and method of delivery. Infant birth weight was recorded within the first 2 hours of life. RESULTS: There was no correlation between maternal shoe size and birth weight (r = 0.01; P = NS). There was no correlation between shoe size and birth weight when corrected for parity and ethnicity. CONCLUSION: There is no correlation between maternal shoe and infant birth weight. This anthropometric measure should not be used to estimate infant birth weight.
