ABSTRACT
Tinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole active in vitro against a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Tinidazole is an effective treatment against anaerobic microorganisms based on its pharmacokinetic characteristics (C(max) 51 microg/ml, t(1/2) 12.5 h) and its excellent in vitro activity. Its long half-life allows once a day regimens. Tinidazole is as effective as metronidazole in the treatment of infections caused by T. vaginalis, giardiasis and amebiasis and bacterial vaginosis, malaria, odontogenic infections, anaerobic bacterial infections (pelvic inflammatory disease, diabetic foot), surgical prophylaxis (abdominal and hysterectomy) and Helicobacter pylori eradication. Tinidazole was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of infections caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteria, Anaerobic/drug effects , Eukaryota/drug effects , Tinidazole/therapeutic use , Anaerobiosis , Animals , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Antiprotozoal Agents/adverse effects , Antiprotozoal Agents/chemistry , Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology , Clinical Trials as Topic , Entamoebiasis/drug therapy , Eukaryota/metabolism , Female , Giardiasis/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Humans , Male , Periodontitis/drug therapy , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Tinidazole/adverse effects , Tinidazole/chemistry , Tinidazole/pharmacology , Trichomonas Infections/drug therapy , Vaginosis, Bacterial/drug therapyABSTRACT
El tinidazol es un 5-nitroimidazol activo in vitro frente a una amplia variedad de bacterias y protozoos anaerobios. Sus características farmacocinéticas (Cmáx 51 μg/ml, t1⁄2 12,5 h) y su actividad in vitro frente a microorganismos anaerobios hacen de tinidazol un tratamiento eficaz para muchas infecciones causadas por estos microorganismos en dosis única o una vez al día. El tinidazol es tan eficaz como metronidazol en infecciones por T. vaginalis, giardiasis y amebiasis intestinal o hepática, así como en vaginosis bacterianas, malaria, infecciones odontógenas e infecciones por bacterias anaerobias (enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica o pie diabético). Además se ha empleado en la profilaxis antibiótica de la cirugía abdominal y ginecológica y figura en todos los protocolos de erradicación de Helicobacter pylori. Tinidazol ha recibido recientemente la aprobación de la Food and Drug Administration (FDA) para el tratamiento de infecciones por Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica y Giardia lamblia (AU)
Tinidazole is a 5-nitroimidazole active in vitro against a wide variety of anaerobic bacteria and protozoa. Tinidazole is an effective treatment against anaerobic microorganisms based on its pharmacokinetic characteristics (Cmáx 51 μg/ml, t1⁄2 12.5 h) and its excellent in vitro activity. Its long half-life allows once a day regimens. Tinidazole is as effective as metronidazole in the treatment of infections caused by T. vaginalis, giardiasis and amebiasis and bacterial vaginosis, malaria, odontogenic infections, anaerobic bacterial infections (pelvic inflammatory disease, diabetic foot), surgical prophylaxis (abdominal and hysterectomy) and Helicobacter pylori eradication. Tinidazole was recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of infections caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Bacteria, Anaerobic , Eukaryota , Eukaryota/metabolism , Tinidazole/therapeutic use , Giardiasis/drug therapy , Helicobacter Infections/drug therapy , Periodontitis/drug therapy , Postoperative Complications/prevention & control , Anaerobiosis , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Anti-Bacterial Agents/chemistry , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Antiprotozoal Agents/adverse effects , Antiprotozoal Agents/chemistry , Antiprotozoal Agents/pharmacology , Clinical Trials as Topic , Tinidazole/adverse effects , Tinidazole/chemistry , Tinidazole/pharmacology , Trichomonas Infections/drug therapy , Vaginosis, Bacterial/drug therapySubject(s)
Diclofenac/therapeutic use , Nefopam/therapeutic use , Pain, Postoperative/drug therapy , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Mouth Diseases/surgeryABSTRACT
Different available types of dental models and manikin used for preclinical odontological education are analyzed. On the basis of their composition are classified in biological, artificial, and mixed models. According to their usage, those ones are classified in demonstration, exploration, and working models. Each of them are studied, remarkable aspects in odontological education are emphasized.
Subject(s)
Education, Dental/methods , Models, Dental , Audiovisual Aids , Humans , Teaching MaterialsABSTRACT
The effect of helium-neon (He-Ne) laser on the prevention of pain, swelling and trismus following the removal of an impacted third molar was studied in 100 patients randomly allocated to receive He-Ne laser, ibuprofen or placebo in a prospective double-blind parallel clinical trial. Trismus was significantly reduced in the He-Ne laser and ibuprofen treatment groups. Pain was significantly less in the ibuprofen group with regard to He-Ne laser and placebo groups. Swelling was the same in the three treatment groups.
Subject(s)
Ibuprofen/therapeutic use , Laser Therapy , Molar, Third/surgery , Tooth, Impacted/surgery , Adult , Double-Blind Method , Edema/prevention & control , Female , Humans , Male , Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic , Tooth Extraction , Trismus/prevention & controlSubject(s)
Josamycin/therapeutic use , Maxillary Sinusitis/drug therapy , Acute Disease , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) treatment is a non-invasive technique which has wide use in promoting healing of delayed union and non-union of bone. According to reports in the literature, PEMF has a 'success' of about 70%, but with no clear-cut reason to explain the failures. Our tests were carried out on 11 patients with radius non-unions and delayed unions; the results suggest that PEMF failure is associated with implanted metallic plates. In our view, this can be explained because the conducting plates create a uniform bone biopotential around the fracture and thus prevent the negative polarization which stimulates callus formation. Although further controlled and randomized clinical tests are needed, our results indicate that it may be necessary to remove the plates before PEMF application.
