ABSTRACT
Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) is a key predator of several soft-bodied arthropods across various cropping ecosystems. Biological control is a prime strategy to reduce the harmful effects of pesticides on environment especially plants and arthropods. Collection of lacewings (Field Populations) was made during 2014 and repeated in 2016 from five different districts composed mainly by row and vegetable crops under conventional cropping system. For these populations, resistance level to four insecticides representing different mode of action was measured using topical treatment of 1st-instar larvae with prepared dilutions of commercial formulation. The highest resistance levels were found for chlorfenapyr (100.86- to 423.78-fold) and indoxacarb (131.28- to 255.05-fold) in populations from all districts, while buprofezin and nitenpyram resistance was low to high and moderate to high, respectively. The levels of resistance to nitenpyram increased from 2014 to 2016 for populations of 3 out of 4 surveyed areas, while the susceptibility to buprofezin remained unchanged. Decrease in resistance levels for chlorfenapyr and indoxacarb in 2 years was marginal. These results suggest that field populations of C. carnea maintained resistance to buprofezin, chlorfenapyr, indoxacarb, and nitenpyram. Current outcomes support the fact that this bio-control agent could be a main nominee for mass release under judicious application of selective insecticides.
