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Background: Aggressive periodontitis is a severe form of periodontal disease characterized by rapid tissue destruction and tooth loss. The optimal treatment approach for managing this condition remains a topic of debate. Materials and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, involving patients diagnosed with aggressive periodontitis who received either surgical or non-surgical treatment between 2010 and 2020. Clinical and radiographic data were collected at baseline and regular intervals over a 5-year follow-up period. Surgical interventions included flap surgery, guided tissue regeneration, and bone grafting, while non-surgical treatments comprised scaling and root planning with or without adjunctive antibiotics. The primary outcomes assessed included changes in probing depth, clinical attachment level, tooth loss, and patient-reported quality of life measures. Results: A total of 120 patients were included in the study, with 60 patients in each treatment group. The surgical group demonstrated significantly greater reductions in probing depth and gains in clinical attachment level compared to the non-surgical group (P < 0.05). Tooth loss was significantly lower in the surgical group over the 5 years (P < 0.01). Patient-reported outcomes also favored the surgical group, with improved oral health-related quality of life. However, the surgical group had a higher incidence of postoperative complications. Conclusion: This study suggests that periodontal surgery yields superior long-term outcomes in the management of aggressive periodontitis compared to non-surgical treatment.
ABSTRACT
Objective: To explore the efficacy of ultrasonography as an additional diagnostic tool in superficial odontogenic fascial space infections of maxillofacial region and modifying the treatment plan when needed. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with superficial fascial space infections underwent a detailed clinical, plain radiological and ultrasonographic examination. Based on the ultrasonographic findings, final diagnosis was made and compared with clinical findings. Patients diagnosed with cellulitis were given medical line of treatment, and those with abscess were subjected to incision and drainage along with standard general supportive care and removal of etiologic agent. Results: In this study, out of 40 patients (male = 22, female = 18), clinical diagnosis of cellulitis was made in 26 cases (65%) and abscess in 14 (35.0%). On USG examination, cellulitis was present in 21 cases (52.5%), while abscess in 19 (47.5%). Final diagnosis of cellulitis was made in 13 (59.1%) males and 12(66.7%) females, while abscess was confirmed in 9 (40.9%) male and 6 (33.3%) female patients. The results showed that sensitivity of the clinical examination alone was 64% with 33% specificity, and for USG, sensitivity was 84% with specificity of 100%. Conclusion: The adjuvant role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and timely management of superficial fascial space infections is promising owing to its accessibility, relative safety, repeatability and cost-effectiveness.
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AIM: To study the incidence of mandibular third molar impaction in relation to type and side of impaction, age and sex of patients and indications for its surgical removal through data collected from a single institute over a period of 3 and half years. METHODS: The records of 1198 patients who underwent the surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars were reviewed retrospectively. Records were divided into groups according to sex, age, type and side of impaction. Radiographs were studied to determine angular position of impacted mandible third molar. RESULTS: We found that there was a high incidence of mesioangular lower third molar impaction (33.97 %), highest number of patients were found in 15-30 years of age group (48.33 %), a left side (56.93 %) was more commonly involved, female predominance (63.44 %) was observed and recurrent pericoronitis (33.81 %) was the most common indication. CONCLUSION: Awareness of the indications for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molar to the patients will help to avoid future risk of complications and morbidity associated with the same. This will not only help in saving time and money but also prevents the psychological trauma associated with delayed treatment. Removal of only symptomatic IMTM seems to be the logical choice in view of financial constraint in developing countries like India but at the same time early removal offers freedom from future complications in selected cases. So surgeons should apply a meticulous approach in selecting the patients for SRIMTM.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common chronic metabolic disorder which affects millions of people. At present, India has the highest incidence of diabetes worldwide. Several oral lesions and conditions are associated with diabetes. However, there is a lack of consensus among researchers regarding the relationship between DM and dental caries. Hence, the present study was carried out to assess the dental caries prevalence among type II diabetic and nondiabetic adults attending a hospital in Ahmedabad city. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted. One hundred and twenty diabetics individuals attending the diabetic Outpatient Department (OPD) and age and sex-matched 120 nondiabetic individuals from general OPD were included in the study. The data were gathered through semi-close-ended questionnaire and clinical examination. Dental caries was assessed by using the World Health Organization's 2013 proforma. Data was analyzed by applying Student's independent t-test or one-way analysis of variance. RESULTS: Dental caries prevalence among the diabetic group was 73.33% and 33.33% among the nondiabetic group. Dental caries prevalence and mean dental caries was significantly higher among uncontrolled diabetic individuals than that among controlled diabetic individuals. Duration of the disease and dental caries prevalence did not show any significant difference. CONCLUSION: Dental caries prevalence was significantly high among diabetic individuals compared with nondiabetic individuals. Close collaboration between the patients, healthcare units, and oral health professionals could be a way of improving diabetic patients' general and oral health.
