ABSTRACT
Data of hygienic studies of air and soil during last 20 years have confirmed their correlating relationship with the general morbidity and a group of musculoskeletal diseases in children living in cities with the technogenic pollution of the environment. Their bones were established to grow unevenly and disproportionally, in 76% of children there have been violations in the development and growth of bones. The results of X-ray examination of hand bones in children and adolescents in the Irkutsk and Shelekhov cities are presented. Significant differences in morbidity patterns among children and adolescents including an increased incidence of musculoskeletal diseases by 5.6 in children and by 12 in adolescents have been revealed.
Subject(s)
Environmental Illness , Fluorine Compounds , Musculoskeletal Diseases , Adolescent , Air Pollutants/adverse effects , Air Pollutants/analysis , Bone Development/drug effects , Bone and Bones/diagnostic imaging , Child , Child Health/standards , Child Health/statistics & numerical data , Child, Preschool , Environmental Exposure/adverse effects , Environmental Exposure/analysis , Environmental Exposure/prevention & control , Environmental Illness/diagnosis , Environmental Illness/epidemiology , Environmental Illness/etiology , Environmental Illness/prevention & control , Female , Fluorine Compounds/adverse effects , Fluorine Compounds/analysis , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Musculoskeletal Diseases/diagnosis , Musculoskeletal Diseases/epidemiology , Musculoskeletal Diseases/etiology , Musculoskeletal Diseases/prevention & control , Siberia/epidemiologyABSTRACT
The article presents results of study of the impact of iodine deficiency and technogenic fluoride on the state of the thyroid gland in children. On the example of two districts of the city of Bratsk there were executed dynamic investigations (2002 and 2012), including the estimation of the pollution of ambient air and soil by fluorine compounds, levels of iodine intake by the body, the clinical examination of children aged from 5 to 7 years d and interviewing of their parents. In the course of the medical examination there were executed: physical examination by the pediatrician, endocrinologist, ultrasound examination of the thyroid gland, the determination both of serum hormone content by radioimmunoassay and urinary excretion offluorine and iodine. Concentrations of hydrogen fluoride and a solidfluorides in ambient air led to the accumulation offluoride ion in the soil. The iodine entering with drinking water and food, was established to provide only 37.5-50% of the daily requirement of iodine. Increased fluoride ion content in urine and milk teeth in children is associated with the concentrations of the fluorine-containing pollutants in the ambient air and soil. The fluoride pollution against the background of the natural iodine deficiency was established to increase the frequency of functional and morphological disorders of the thyroid gland in children.
Subject(s)
Environmental Pollution , Iodine , Thyroid Diseases , Child , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Environmental Pollution/adverse effects , Environmental Pollution/analysis , Environmental Pollution/prevention & control , Environmental Pollution/statistics & numerical data , Female , Fluorine Compounds/adverse effects , Fluorine Compounds/analysis , Health Status Disparities , Humans , Iodine/analysis , Iodine/deficiency , Male , Public Health/methods , Public Health/statistics & numerical data , Siberia/epidemiology , Thyroid Diseases/diagnosis , Thyroid Diseases/epidemiology , Thyroid Diseases/etiology , Thyroid Diseases/prevention & controlABSTRACT
The Irkutsk province and the Republic of Buryatia which are a part of the Baikal Region (Siberia) were studied for environmental iodine balance. The water and local foodstuffs were found to show low iodine levels (they being 0.2 to 6.9 micrograms/l). In children, iodine deficiency was detected in 60-87% of the total number examined. There was a relationship between of the severity of neurological symptoms, the onset of thyroid diseases, general morbidity, physical development, iodine levels in the body. It is concluded that iodine deficiency has a great impact on the development of the regional pathology in children.
