Development of a surgical guide for minimally invasive corticotomies with a complete digital intraoral and laboratory workflow.

AIM: Surgically facilitated orthodontic treatment is increasingly being used, especially for adults, to facilitate tooth movements and reduce the duration of orthodontic treatment. The present article reports on an innovative, safe, and minimally invasive technique to perform flapless corticotomies using a dedicated surgical guide produced with a complete digital intraoral and laboratory workflow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 51-year-old man presented with maxillary and mandibular anterior crowding. He required rapid treatment with limited use of braces. Corticotomies were planned for both arches before the use of orthodontic appliances. The matching of the stereolithographic files obtained from the digital prints of the full arches and the cone beam computed tomography images allowed for the positioning of the cutting planes for corticisions. The guide was printed with a transparent, biocompatible, and photopolymerizable resin, and cold sterilized. Minimally invasive corticotomies were performed using a piezoelectric instrument. The orthodontic treatment started immediately after surgery. RESULTS: No adverse events were recorded during surgery. The piezoelectric instrument was guided accurately, and precise application of the corticisions prevented all the anatomical elements from being injured. The healing was uneventful and the patient experienced no pain. CONCLUSION: The present report shows that a surgical guide specifically and digitally produced for corticotomies allowed for the performance of a minimally invasive flapless technique and accurate piezosurgery. The use of such a guide was easy to implement, made the procedure safer, and reduced postoperative pain.

Risk Factors in Early Implant Failure: A Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Clinicians should be able to weigh the role of the main risk factors associated with early implant failure. PURPOSE: The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess the influence of different patient-related and implant-related risk factors on the occurrence of early implant failure. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In July, 2014 the main electronic databases were searched for studies reporting on early failures. Relevant papers were selected by 2 independent authors using predefined selection criteria. Three authors independently scored the included studies for quality assessment. The estimated odds ratios of the main risk factors from the selected papers were subjected to meta-analysis. RESULTS: Nine studies were included. A total of 18,171 implants were meta-analyzed, of which 10,921 were analyzed for smoking, 15,260 for implant diameter, 16,075 for implant length, and 16,711 for implant location (maxilla vs mandible). The main significant risk factors for early implant failures were the smoking habit (odds ratio [OR], 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3, 2.3), implants shorter than 10 mm (OR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.2, 2.2) and implants placed in the maxilla (OR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.0, 1.6). CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of the increased risk of early failure in the presence of smokers, implants with reduced length, and implant-supported maxillary rehabilitation.

The role of topical simvastatin on bone regeneration: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the results concerning the use of simvastatin for promoting bone regeneration and to discuss the level of scientific evidence supporting such findings. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A Pubmed search using "Simvastatin"[Mesh] AND "Bone Regeneration"[Mesh] as Boolean operators was constrained to the last 10 years and only included papers written in English. RESULTS: Of the 41 relevant papers reviewed, most of them (76.2%) have been published in the last 5 years, and most of them address animal studies (66.6%) performed on rats or rabbits in extraoral regions. Only 4 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessed the role of topical simvastatin in periodontal patients. CONCLUSIONS: A large part of the evidence concerning the role of topical simvastatin on bone regeneration comes from animal studies (mainly rats) focusing on extraoral bone defects. Only the use of subgingival simvastatin after root scaling has been properly supported by RCT. Key words:Simvastatin, bone regeneration, topical administration, osteogenesis, osteoinduction.

Comparison of clinical performance of zirconia implants and titanium implants in animal models: a systematic review.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the values of removal torque (RT) and bone-implant contact (BIC) reported in different animal studies for zirconia and titanium implants. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review of the literature was performed to analyze BIC and RT of animal studies in which both zirconia and titanium dental implants were used. To identify the studies to include in this systematic review, an exhaustive search of PubMed was performed of animal studies published in English with reports on the quantification of the osseointegration of both titanium and zirconia implants by means of BIC and/or RT. The results were aggregated and analyzed within each of the animal models (pig, rabbit, rat, monkey, dog, and sheep). RESULTS: The selection process resulted in a final sample of 16 studies. In general, no significant differences were found between titanium and zirconia. The significant differences in terms of BIC and RT reported by the authors were attributable to the different surface treatments and microporosities of the implant surfaces studied, not to the materials themselves. Only two articles reported significantly lower BIC for modified zirconia implants as compared to modified titanium implants. Four authors described statistically significant differences in terms of RT between zirconia and titanium implants in the different animal models, regardless of the surface treatment received by the implants. CONCLUSIONS: Within the limitations of this study, the values for the BIC and RT of zirconia implants in most of the studies analyzed did not show statistical differences compared with titanium implants. Modified-surface zirconia may have potential as a candidate for a successful implant material, although further clinical studies are necessary.

Clinical evaluation of the incidence of prosthetic complications in implant crowns constructed with UCLA castable abutments. A cohort follow-up study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the incidence of prosthetic complications in implant-retained crowns made with UCLA castable abutments and to identify possible risk factors with a view to establishing recommendations to help predict the success of such restorations. METHODS: A cohort follow-up study was carried out in 71 partially dentate patients rehabilitated with 93 implant-retained single crowns. Data regarding socio-demographic background, anatomical features, implant-, and prosthesis-related variables were recorded. The incidence rate (%), relative risk (RR) and odds ratio (OR) were applied for predictive risk factors. ANOVA and Student t-tests were used to compare quantitative variables, the chi-square test was used to compare proportions and also a logistic regression analysis was performed. The statistical significance was set at α = 0.05. RESULTS: Two implants (2.2%) were lost during the first year of function. The incidence of prosthetic complications in the observed mean period (26.2 ± 15.4 months) was 11.9%, consisting of screw loosening (10.8%) and ceramic fracture (1.1%). A higher tendency for prosthetic complications was noticed in posterior mandibular crowns restoring saddles longer than 10 mm with mesiodistal cantilevers longer than 6mm, having natural antagonists, after long-term use (>20 months), with initial torque values superior than 30 Ncm. CONCLUSIONS: Screw loosening is the most frequent complication in implant-retained crowns fabricated with UCLA abutments cast in cobalt-chromium. Nevertheless, the connection usually remains stable after retightening the screws. A high survival rate was recorded, and these prostheses may be a suitable treatment option. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Based on the study findings, the risk of prosthetic complications is expected to increase when long-span posterior edentulous areas are rehabilitated with single implant-supported crowns. The antagonist occlusal plane should be restored to prevent torsional forces and overloading. Implant systems with initial torque values less than 30 Ncm should be selected.

Proyecto "Encuesta a los Servicios Alimentarios de Comedores Escolares Estatales" (PESCE): alcance de las metas nutricionales de las prestaciones alimentarias de los comedores escolares de Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina / Project: “Survey of State School meal service” (PESCE): Scope of Food Supply Nutritional Goals in State School in Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina

Objetivo: Evaluar el alcance de las metas nutricionales de las prestaciones alimentarias de los comedores escolares estatales de la región Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina, en 2007. Materiales y Métodos: Unidad de análisis: prestación alimentaria de todas las escuelas estatales de la región. Metas nutricionales: elaboradas por prestación, para energía, nutrientes y alimentos críticos por grupo etario (Grupo 1: 3 años; Grupo 2: 4-8 años; Grupo 3: 9-14 años). Encuesta ad-hoc: administrada por nutricionistas. Muestreo: aleatorio estratificado bietápico; total 301 escuelas, 299 relevadas. Análisis de datos: sistema informático ad-hoc. Resultados: Desayuno/Merienda: el aporte de leche fue menor a la meta para todos los grupos etarios. La ración brindada al Grupo 1 alcanzó la meta para todos los nutrientes excepto el Calcio. Para el Grupo 2 la ración brindada solo fue aceptable en zinc y hierro. El Grupo 3 no alcanzó ninguna meta. Almuerzo: para todos los grupos etarios, existió un aporte calórico por debajo de la meta y exceso proteico. Para el Grupo 1, la ración ofrecida superó las metas de hierro y zinc; y no alcanzó la de Vitamina A. Para el Grupo 2, los aportes de zinc y vitamina C superaron la meta; calcio, hierro y vitamina A presentaron aportes bajos. Para el Grupo 3, solo se alcanzó la meta en vitamina C. El aporte de carne solo superó las metas establecidas para el grupo 1. El aporte de fruta superó la meta para el grupo 1 y 2, y fue aceptable para el grupo 3. El Desayuno/Merienda para Grupo 2 aportó más kcal en las escuelas que no brindaban almuerzo. Conclusiones: El Desayuno/Merienda solo alcanzó las metas nutricionales (excepto calcio) en el grupo de 3 años. En Almuerzo, se observó aporte calórico por debajo de la meta y exceso proteico para todos los grupos etarios.

Proyecto "Encuesta a los Servicios Alimentarios de Comedores Escolares Estatales" (PESCE): alcance de las metas nutricionales de las prestaciones alimentarias de los comedores escolares de Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina / Project: ¶Survey of State School meal service÷ (PESCE): Scope of Food Supply Nutritional Goals in State School in Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina

Objetivo: Evaluar el alcance de las metas nutricionales de las prestaciones alimentarias de los comedores escolares estatales de la región Gran Buenos Aires, Argentina, en 2007. Materiales y Métodos: Unidad de análisis: prestación alimentaria de todas las escuelas estatales de la región. Metas nutricionales: elaboradas por prestación, para energía, nutrientes y alimentos críticos por grupo etario (Grupo 1: 3 años; Grupo 2: 4-8 años; Grupo 3: 9-14 años). Encuesta ad-hoc: administrada por nutricionistas. Muestreo: aleatorio estratificado bietápico; total 301 escuelas, 299 relevadas. Análisis de datos: sistema informático ad-hoc. Resultados: Desayuno/Merienda: el aporte de leche fue menor a la meta para todos los grupos etarios. La ración brindada al Grupo 1 alcanzó la meta para todos los nutrientes excepto el Calcio. Para el Grupo 2 la ración brindada solo fue aceptable en zinc y hierro. El Grupo 3 no alcanzó ninguna meta. Almuerzo: para todos los grupos etarios, existió un aporte calórico por debajo de la meta y exceso proteico. Para el Grupo 1, la ración ofrecida superó las metas de hierro y zinc; y no alcanzó la de Vitamina A. Para el Grupo 2, los aportes de zinc y vitamina C superaron la meta; calcio, hierro y vitamina A presentaron aportes bajos. Para el Grupo 3, solo se alcanzó la meta en vitamina C. El aporte de carne solo superó las metas establecidas para el grupo 1. El aporte de fruta superó la meta para el grupo 1 y 2, y fue aceptable para el grupo 3. El Desayuno/Merienda para Grupo 2 aportó más kcal en las escuelas que no brindaban almuerzo. Conclusiones: El Desayuno/Merienda solo alcanzó las metas nutricionales (excepto calcio) en el grupo de 3 años. En Almuerzo, se observó aporte calórico por debajo de la meta y exceso proteico para todos los grupos etarios.(AU)