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1.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 82(2): 231-237, mayo 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375866

ABSTRACT

Resumen En el linfoma Hodgkin, la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET-TC) forma parte de los nuevos algoritmos diagnósticos y de valoración de respuesta al tratamiento como método eficaz para evaluar supervivencia y pronóstico de la enfermedad, ya sea a través del PET-TC interino con 2-[18F]fluoro- 2-desoxi-D-glucosa, ([18F]FDG), como también del PET-TC al final de la terapéutica. Sin embargo, la [18F]FDG presenta una baja especificidad en linfoma no Hodgkin de grandes células B. Ante la aprobación en nuestro país del radiotrazador 3´-desoxi-3´-[18F]fluorotimidina, [18F]FLT, indicador de proliferación celular de fase S, éste resultaría un prometedor radiofármaco de uso diagnóstico frente a [18F]FDG. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la utilización de [18F]FLT mediante un modelo animal en primates no humanos Sapajus cay. Se obtuvieron imágenes de cuerpo entero para evaluar la biodistribución y realizar un cálculo dosimétrico en la médula ósea, dado que este es un órgano crítico por la permanencia del radiofármaco. Para órganos de inte rés, se trazaron curvas de actividad en función del tiempo y se calculó la actividad acumulada normalizada. La dosis media absorbida en la médula ósea se determinó aplicando el esquema conocido como Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD). La dosis media obtenida en el modelo animal por unidad de actividad administrada fue de 8.7 μGy/MBq. Este resultado se extrapoló a un modelo humano adulto resultando en 32 μGy/MBq, de lo que se desprende que PET-TC con [18F]FLT es una herramienta segura para uso diagnóstico y de seguimiento en pacientes con enfermedad oncológica linfoproliferativa u otros tumores sólidos.


Abstract Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is part of the new diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for Hodgkin lymphoma. PET-CT is a valuable tool for the assessment of treatment response and prognosis, both by means of interim PET-CT with 2-[ 18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) as well as end of treatment (EOT) PET-CT. Given the low specificity of [ 18F]FDG for the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), there is an emerging need for a more specific radiopharmaceutical agent. The recent approval of the radiotracer 3´-deoxy-[18F]-3´-flourothymidine ([18F]FLT), a phase-S mitosis cell proliferation marker, for clinical application in our country, shows as a promising radiopharmaceutical for diagnostic use with incremental value over [18F]FDG. In this study, non-human primates (Sapajus cay) were studied. PET-CT study was performed after the injection of [18F]FLT. Whole-body images were obtained to evaluate the biodistribution and to calculate the dosimetry of bone marrow, as this is a critic organ to this radiotracer. Time-activity curves were traced, normalized activity uptake of the organs of interest were calculated, and mean absorbed dose was also calculated using the established Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) scheme. The mean dose obtained in the animal model per unit of activity administered was 8.7 μGy/MBq. This result was extrapolated to an adult human model resulting in 32 μGy/MBq, thereby suggesting that [18F]FLT is a secure diagnostic tool to be used on the tracing of patients with DLBCL.

2.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 82(2): 231-237, 2022.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35417387

ABSTRACT

Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) is part of the new diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms for Hodgkin lymphoma. PET-CT is a valuable tool for the assessment of treatment response and prognosis, both by means of interim PET-CT with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose ([18F]FDG) as well as end of treatment (EOT) PET-CT. Given the low specificity of [18F]FDG for the diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), there is an emerging need for a more specific radiopharmaceutical agent. The recent approval of the radiotracer 3'-deoxy-[18F]-3'-flourothymidine ([18F]FLT), a phase-S mitosis cell proliferation marker, for clinical application in our country, shows as a promising radiopharmaceutical for diagnostic use with incremental value over [18F]FDG. In this study, non-human primates (Sapajus cay) were studied. PET-CT study was performed after the injection of [18F]FLT. Whole-body images were obtained to evaluate the biodistribution and to calculate the dosimetry of bone marrow, as this is a critic organ to this radiotracer. Time-activity curves were traced, normalized activity uptake of the organs of interest were calculated, and mean absorbed dose was also calculated using the established Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD) scheme. The mean dose obtained in the animal model per unit of activity administered was 8.7 uGy/MBq. This result was extrapolated to an adult human model resulting in 32 uGy/MBq, thereby suggesting that [18F]FLT is a secure diagnostic tool to be used on the tracing of patients with DLBCL.


En el linfoma Hodgkin, la tomografía por emisión de positrones (PET-TC) forma parte de los nuevos algoritmos diagnósticos y de valoración de respuesta al tratamiento como método eficaz para evaluar supervivencia y pronóstico de la enfermedad, ya sea a través del PET-TC interino con 2-[18F]fluoro-2-desoxi-D-glucosa, ([18F]FDG), como también del PET-TC al final de la terapéutica. Sin embargo, la [18F]FDG presenta una baja especificidad en linfoma no Hodgkin de grandes células B. Ante la aprobación en nuestro país del radiotrazador 3'-desoxi-3'-[18F]fluorotimidina, [18F]FLT, indicador de proliferación celular de fase S, éste resultaría un prometedor radiofármaco de uso diagnóstico frente a [18F]FDG. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue valorar la utilización de [18F]FLT mediante un modelo animal en primates no humanos Sapajus cay. Se obtuvieron imágenes de cuerpo entero para evaluar la biodistribución y realizar un cálculo dosimétrico en la médula ósea, dado que este es un órgano crítico por la permanencia del radiofármaco. Para órganos de interés, se trazaron curvas de actividad en función del tiempo y se calculó la actividad acumulada normalizada. La dosis media absorbida en la médula ósea se determinó aplicando el esquema conocido como Medical Internal Radiation Dosimetry (MIRD). La dosis media obtenida en el modelo animal por unidad de actividad administrada fue de 8.7 uGy/MBq. Este resultado se extrapoló a un modelo humano adulto resultando en 32 uGy/MBq, de lo que se desprende que PET-TC con [18F]FLT es una herramienta segura para uso diagnóstico y de seguimiento en pacientes con enfermedad oncológica linfoproliferativa u otros tumores sólidos.


Subject(s)
Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse , Animals , Fluorodeoxyglucose F18/therapeutic use , Humans , Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse/pathology , Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography/methods , Positron-Emission Tomography/methods , Primates , Radiometry , Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use , Tissue Distribution
3.
J Hered ; 101(3): 261-9, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20056682

ABSTRACT

We analyzed the molecular divergence of 2 separate populations of Cebus apella paraguayanus, recently considered a junior synonym of Cebus cay, and estimated its time of separation from C. apella. Cytochrome b DNA from 23 C. cay from Brazil and 9 from Paraguay showed 24 haplotypes (20 and 4, respectively), accounting for 29 variable sites (19 transitions and 10 transversions), with 40.0%, 26.7%, and 33.0% replacements at first, second, and third codon positions, respectively. Genetic distance between haplotypes averaged 0.5%, with 1.1% between C. cay populations. Phylogenetic reconstructions and median joining separated C. cay from Brazil and Paraguay. Neighbor joining showed C. cay and C. apella as sister groups, although C. cay and C. apella collapsed in maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood topologies. Analysis of molecular variance showed the highest variance component between C. cay populations, and mismatch distribution indicated that this species suffered a recent demographic expansion. Divergence time estimates suggested that the 2 populations of C. cay split in the Pleistocene, a period of repeated glaciation events leading to drastic changes in the vegetation composition of different biomes.


Subject(s)
Cebus/genetics , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Genetic Speciation , Animals , Brazil , Cebus/classification , Cytochromes b/genetics , Evolution, Molecular , Female , Haplotypes/genetics , Paraguay , Phylogeny
4.
J Med Primatol ; 38(5): 340-6, 2009 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19470082

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: From the limited research in New World monkeys it is not clear whether they are as sensitive to the antiovulatory effects of synthetic progestins as noted in human beings. We examined whether levonorgestrel prevented ovulation in the capuchin monkey. METHODS: Cebus apella monkeys were treated orally with two doses of 2 mg of levonorgestrel, 8-9 hours apart, in four periovulatory stages assessed by laparoscopy. RESULTS: Levonorgestrel-induced luteinization of the follicle prevented oocyte release up to 8 hours before ovulation. Unhealthy oocytes were recovered from 46% of unruptured follicles. Luteal progesterone was reduced by 55%, 35%, and 25% according to when levonorgestrel was given -2, -1, and 0 day from estradiol peak respectively. CONCLUSION: The capuchin monkey, a neotropical primate in which progesterone circulates at levels much higher than in Old World primates and human beings, is sensitive to the antiovulatory effects of synthetic progestins.


Subject(s)
Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic/pharmacology , Levonorgestrel/pharmacology , Ovarian Follicle/drug effects , Ovulation Inhibition , Animals , Cebus , Corpus Luteum/drug effects , Estradiol/blood , Female , Laparoscopy , Ovulation Inhibition/blood , Progesterone/blood
5.
Breast Cancer Res Treat ; 113(1): 1-8, 2009 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18183485

ABSTRACT

Currently, an in vivo spontaneous model of estrogen dependent, tamoxifen sensitive breast cancer does not exist. We show here the characterization of the M05 mammary tumor that appeared spontaneously in a 1-year-old virgin female BALB/c mouse in our animal facility. The M05 tumor is a semi-differentiated adenocarcinoma that expresses estrogen and progesterone receptors. When it was transplanted to either male or ovariectomized female mice it did not grow. Moreover, ovariectomy or treatment with tamoxifen of tumor bearing mice led to a halt in tumor growth. Treatment of ovariectomized mice that had been inoculated with the M05 tumor showed that only estradiol, but not progesterone, promoted the re-growth of the tumor. Finally, after passage nine, tumor growth was achieved in male and ovariectomized female mice suggesting that the tumor had progressed to hormone independence. However, like often found in the clinic, expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors was maintained. This model mimics the biology of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer in humans and presents itself as an invaluable tool for the study of endocrine resistance in a physiologically relevant setting.


Subject(s)
Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/drug therapy , Tamoxifen/therapeutic use , Adenocarcinoma/drug therapy , Adenocarcinoma/immunology , Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Animals , Cell Division , Female , Immunocompetence , Male , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/immunology , Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental/pathology , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Neoplasm Transplantation/methods , Neoplasm Transplantation/pathology , Ovariectomy , Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism , Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
6.
Am J Primatol ; 69(5): 551-61, 2007 May.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17177312

ABSTRACT

We examined cortisol profiles in relation to ovarian hormones and their response to a repeated composite stressor with and without dexamethasone suppression. To evaluate the day-to-day changes in circulating cortisol relative to ovarian hormones, we subjected five adult female Cebus apella monkeys daily to restraint, sedation, transport to a neighboring room for femoral venipuncture, and return to the cage throughout the menstrual cycle. The cortisol response to the repeated stressor for blood collection, its relationship with the ovarian function, and the effects of dexamethasone were evaluated in six juveniles (18-24 months old) and five adult females in the luteal phase. Blood was sampled at time 0; then the monkeys received the vehicle and their blood was sampled again at 1, 2, 4, and 24 hr. This experiment was repeated 3 weeks later, with dexamethasone (i.m. 2 mg/Kg) injected instead of vehicle. Plasma aliquots were assayed for cortisol, progesterone, and estradiol. The results revealed that from middle infancy and throughout adulthood, hypercortisolism is the norm in female Cebus monkeys. The high cortisol values remained unchanged across the cycle despite the cyclic changes in estradiol and progesterone levels. Juvenile monkeys exhibited a higher cortisol response to stress than adults, and both juvenile and adult monkeys exhibited the typical suppression by dexamethasone. A rapid suppression of progesterone co-occurred in parallel with cortisol after dexamethasone injection in juvenile monkeys, suggesting that most circulating progesterone originates in the adrenals. In contrast, adult females exhibited an overincrement of progesterone levels, in parallel with a rise in cortisol, in response to the stressor, and this effect was exacerbated by dexamethasone. The findings suggest that hypercortisolism is insufficient to disrupt ovarian development toward a normal cyclical function, and that ovarian steroids have no influence on day-to-day circulating cortisol levels. On the other hand, the overincrement of progesterone levels induced by stress and/or glucocorticoids during the early luteal phase is unlikely to interfere with the development of this phase and implantation in this monkey species.


Subject(s)
Cebus/physiology , Dexamethasone/pharmacology , Estradiol/blood , Hydrocortisone/blood , Menstrual Cycle/physiology , Progesterone/blood , Stress, Physiological/veterinary , Animals , Cebus/blood , Female , Glucocorticoids/pharmacology , Stress, Physiological/blood
7.
Córdoba; s.n; 1995. 140 p. (14958).
Thesis in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-14958

ABSTRACT

El efecto modulatorio de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados dietéticos sobre la tumorigénesis inducida por irradiación total fue estudiada en ratones alimentados con dietas suficientes o deficientes en ácidos grasos esenciales (AGE). 160 ratones C57B16J divididos en cuatro lotes dietarios, recibieron una dosis de irradiación subletal carcinogénica de 48 Gy de Cobalto 60, para luego ser mantenidos en las mismas dietas semisintéticas. Una formula no contenía el agregado de lípidos ni grasa (lote DAGE-DG), otra recibió el agregado del 5 por ciento de oleína, que es rica en ácido oleico, 18:1n-9(lote n-9),siendo ambas dietas deficientes en AGE. Un tercer lote recibió la dieta base suplementada con aceite de maíz, rico en AGE de la familia n-6(lote n-6) y el cuarto lote fue alimentado con la dieta comercial (lote control), considerandose a estas dos últimas dietas suficientes en AGE. Los animales fueron sacrificados luego de las semanas postirradiación. No se hallaron diferencias en el consumo de comida ni en el peso corporal. El porcentaje de ácidos rasos del hígado se correlacionó satisfactoriamente con la composición lipida de cada dieta, lo que fue revelado por cromatografía de gas. Solo los animales de los lotes DAGE-DGy n9 demostraron signos clínicos y bioquímicos de deficiencia de AGE. La incidencia de tumores hallados fue significativamente mayor en el lote DAGE-DG8(p<0.02) y en el n-9(p<0.03) con respecto al lote control. Los tumores se desarrollaron con mayor frecuencia en el hígado de los ratones de ambos lotes deficientes en AGE(DAGE-DG y n-9) con respecto a los lotes suficientes en AGE(control y n-6). Excepto un mayor desarrollo de tumores registrados en pulmones, la dieta suplementada con aceite de maíz, rico en ácido linoleico, no demostró actividad promotora tumoral. En el lote DAGE-DG se observó una tendencia a la inversión de la formula leucocitaria relativa, a pesar que no se establecieron diferencias significativas en dichos parámetros entre los diferentes lotes dietarios...(AU)


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids , Neoplasms
8.
Córdoba; s.n; 1995. 140 p.
Thesis in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-243268

ABSTRACT

El efecto modulatorio de los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados dietéticos sobre la tumorigénesis inducida por irradiación total fue estudiada en ratones alimentados con dietas suficientes o deficientes en ácidos grasos esenciales (AGE). 160 ratones C57B16J divididos en cuatro lotes dietarios, recibieron una dosis de irradiación subletal carcinogénica de 48 Gy de Cobalto 60, para luego ser mantenidos en las mismas dietas semisintéticas. Una formula no contenía el agregado de lípidos ni grasa (lote DAGE-DG), otra recibió el agregado del 5 por ciento de oleína, que es rica en ácido oleico, 18:1n-9(lote n-9),siendo ambas dietas deficientes en AGE. Un tercer lote recibió la dieta base suplementada con aceite de maíz, rico en AGE de la familia n-6(lote n-6) y el cuarto lote fue alimentado con la dieta comercial (lote control), considerandose a estas dos últimas dietas suficientes en AGE. Los animales fueron sacrificados luego de las semanas postirradiación. No se hallaron diferencias en el consumo de comida ni en el peso corporal. El porcentaje de ácidos rasos del hígado se correlacionó satisfactoriamente con la composición lipida de cada dieta, lo que fue revelado por cromatografía de gas. Solo los animales de los lotes DAGE-DGy n9 demostraron signos clínicos y bioquímicos de deficiencia de AGE. La incidencia de tumores hallados fue significativamente mayor en el lote DAGE-DG8(p<0.02) y en el n-9(p<0.03) con respecto al lote control. Los tumores se desarrollaron con mayor frecuencia en el hígado de los ratones de ambos lotes deficientes en AGE(DAGE-DG y n-9) con respecto a los lotes suficientes en AGE(control y n-6). Excepto un mayor desarrollo de tumores registrados en pulmones, la dieta suplementada con aceite de maíz, rico en ácido linoleico, no demostró actividad promotora tumoral. En el lote DAGE-DG se observó una tendencia a la inversión de la formula leucocitaria relativa, a pesar que no se establecieron diferencias significativas en dichos parámetros entre los diferentes lotes dietarios...


Subject(s)
Fatty Acids , Neoplasms
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