ABSTRACT
The objective of this study was to observe the protective effect of the n-butyl alcohol phase of Toona sinensis seed extract on the kidneys of diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats and its preliminary mechanism. Male wistar rats were administered a normal or high-fat diet for 1 month. DN rats were divided into a model group and a petroleum ether phase of T. sinensis seed extract intervention group. The intervention group was administered 5 mg·100 g-1·day-1 extract. After treatment for 10 weeks, the rats were sacrificed and blood samples and the renal cortex were collected. Biochemical indicators in the serum and renal indices were assessed. Pathological changes of the renal tissues were also determined. Changes in the renal structure and protein levels were detected. Compared with the normal group, the blood glucose, urinary albumin, renal index, and oxidative stress index were sharply increased in the model group. The protein levels of TGF-b1, collagen IV, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were increased. Compared with the model group, the n-butyl alcohol phase of T. sinensis seed extract significantly reduced the blood glucose, urinary albumin, renal index, oxidative stress index, serum creatinine, and urea nitrogen levels. The renal pathology abnormality was improved in DN rats. The protein levels of TGF-b1, collagen IV, and CTGF were increased. The expression of TGF-b1, collagen IV, and CTGF decreased. In conclusion, the n-butyl alcohol phase of T. sinensis seed extract has protective effects on DN rats via the inhibition of oxidative stress and protein expression of TGF-b1, collagen IV, and CTGF.
Subject(s)
1-Butanol/chemistry , Diabetic Nephropathies/drug therapy , Diabetic Nephropathies/pathology , Kidney/pathology , Meliaceae/chemistry , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use , Seeds/chemistry , Animals , Kidney/drug effects , Male , Rats , Rats, WistarABSTRACT
Fifty cases of primary liver cancer were treated by electrochemical therapy (ECT). Tumour size ranged from 3.5 to 21.0 cm. ECT was performed by administration of 6-10 V, 50-100 mA and an electric quantity of 300-1000 C. Duration of treatment was one and a half to four hours. There was an inverse relationship between tumour size and curative effect. There was no death within three months of treatment. Six- and 12-month survival was 88% and 69%, respectively. In conclusion, ECT is an effective treatment which prolongs the patients' life. We have found the method to be of practical value in the management of liver cancers in the intermediate or advanced stage.
Subject(s)
Electric Stimulation Therapy/methods , Liver Neoplasms/therapy , Adult , Aged , Electric Stimulation Therapy/adverse effects , Electrochemistry , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Liver Neoplasms/blood , Liver Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Liver Neoplasms/mortality , Liver Neoplasms/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Remission Induction , Survival Rate , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Ultrasonography , alpha-Fetoproteins/metabolismABSTRACT
Pharmacokinetic profile was studied in 25 healthy fertile Chinese female volunteers after im norethindrone enanthate (NET-EN) 200 mg. The results were compared with the data from British women in our previous paper. Following a single im NET-EN 200 mg, the times to reach peak levels of NET-EN and NET were 4.0 +/- 2.8 d and 5.4 +/- 2.0 d, and their peak values were 5.0 +/- 1.8 and 12.6 +/- 0.9 ng.ml-1, respectively. Mean elimination T1/2 of NET was significantly longer than that of NET-EN. Mean apparent elimination T1/2 were 14.8 +/- 3.8 d for and 11.4 +/- 5.7 d for NET-EN. The elimination rate of NET in Chinese women was significantly slower than that in British women. There was no significant ethnic difference in absorption kinetics of NET and NET-EN.
