Further investigation on nuclear transplantation in different orders of teleost: the combination of the nucleus of Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica) and the cytoplasm of Loach (Paramisgurnus dabryanus).

The nucleus of a blastula cell from Tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica, family Cichlidae, order Perciformes) was transplanted into an enucleated egg of Loach (Paramisgurnus dabryanus, family Cobitidae, order Cypriniformes). From among 3747 nucleo-cytoplasmic hybrid (NCH) eggs two NCH larval fish (0.05%) were obtained; one died on the 6th day and the other died on the 12th day after the operation. Morphological examinations showed that both NCH larval fish had developed normally with an opened mouth except they could not take food after complete utilization of their egg yolk on the 5th day of development. The possible mechanisms for obtaining such inter-order NCH larval fish are discussed. This is the first report indicating that inter-order NCH larval fish can be obtained in spite of their evolutionary divergence.

Medial upper arm skin flap: vascular anatomy and clinical applications.

We present the use of a medial arm free flap with the superior ulnar collateral artery as the arterial supplier in 8 patients. The flaps succeeded in 7 cases. In addition, by cadaver dissections the vascular anatomy of this flap was reevaluated. We found that the direct cutaneous arterial branches other than the superior ulnar collateral artery could be used for vascular anastomosis, in case the latter artery is not available.