ABSTRACT
Several studies have identified the main barriers and facilitators that breast cancer survivors experience in the return to work (RTW). The authors conducted a qualitative study using focus group discussions with a group of female non-metastatic breast cancer survivors (n = 6), a group of health professionals from different medical specialties (n = 8), and a third group of company managers mainly composed of human resources managers (n = 7). The study was carried out between March and December 2021 in Zaragoza (Spain). Transcripts were analyzed using inductive content analysis to identify work-related barriers and facilitators and coded by the research team. Barriers identified included physical and cognitive symptoms, psychosocial problems, lack of knowledge and coordination (health professional, patients, and managers), legal vacuum, physical change, time constraints, work characteristics (lower skilled jobs), unsupportive supervisors and coworkers, family problems and self-demand. Facilitators included family and work support, physical activity and rehabilitation, personalized attention, interdisciplinary collaboration, legal advice for workers, knowledge about breast cancer in companies, positive aspects of work, elaboration of protocols for RTW in women with breast cancer. RTW in working women with breast cancer requires a personalized and holistic view that includes the perspectives of patients, healthcare professionals and company managers.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Studies have estimated that 10% to 23% of workers exposed to laboratory animals report symptoms of laboratory animal allergy. OBJECTIVES: To determine the level of occupational sensitization in workers exposed to laboratory animals and to develop a diagnosis system based on a multiallergen IgE immunoblot. METHODS: A total of 75 workers exposed to laboratory animals were initially studied with skin prick tests performed with animal epithelia extracts. The workers with suspected occupational disease and positive skin prick test results were further studied with the ImmunoCAP system to determine specific IgE levels to urine and epithelia allergens and with multiallergen IgE immunoblotting to detect specific IgE levels to epithelia allergens and bovine serum albumin. RESULTS: Twenty of the 75 workers were studied with ImmunoCAP and multiallergen IgE immunoblotting. Nine were polysensitized and 3 were sensitized to only one animal. The results obtained by ImmunoCAP and multiallergen IgE immunoblotting were concordant except for in 3 workers, who had low or negative values of specific IgE determined by ImmunoCAP but positive allergen detections by immunoblotting. On the basis of the results of the study and the clinical symptoms related by workers, 16% were diagnosed as having occupational allergy. CONCLUSIONS: Multiallergen immunoblotting by means of a unique test offers a graphic representation of sensitization to the different animals to which workers are exposed, providing additional information on the clinical symptoms caused by the involved allergens. The results presented suggest that this system can improve the diagnosis of laboratory animal allergy by obtaining a sensitization profile for each exposed worker.
Subject(s)
Allergens/immunology , Animals, Laboratory/immunology , Hypersensitivity/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/immunology , Occupational Exposure , Adult , Animals , Animals, Laboratory/urine , Female , Humans , Hypersensitivity/immunology , Immunoblotting/methods , Immunoglobulin E/blood , Male , Middle Aged , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Skin TestsABSTRACT
Objetivo: Los protocolos para la vigilancia de la salud de la población trabajadora constituyen una herramienta básicaen la prevención de los riesgos laborales. Los recientes cambios normativos, junto al fuerte incremento del empleo remuneradoen las mujeres, plantean la necesidad de revisar su aplicabilidad a las trabajadoras. El objetivo de este artículo es evaluarestos protocolos desde una perspectiva de género.Método: Se ha analizado el diseño y el contenido de cuatro de los 19 protocolos publicados por el Ministerio de Sanidady Consumo por ocho personas expertas mediante una técnica de consenso estructurado en la que se aplicó una guía para laevaluación de la perspectiva de género basada en el Instrumento AGREE y dividida en cinco áreas generales y 14 ítems específicos.Resultados: De las cinco áreas consideradas, las mejor valoradas en los cuatro protocolos han sido alcance y objetivos,y participación, siendo las más débiles las de aplicabilidad, salud sexual y reproductiva y riesgos laborales. En los protocolosde Asma Laboral, Manipulación Manual de Cargas y Pantallas de Visualización de Datos seis de las ocho personas expertasrecomiendan su mejora desde una perspectiva del género. En el protocolo de Plaguicidas se hace la misma recomendaciónpor unanimidad de todos los expertos.Conclusión: Es necesario identificar los sesgos de género en los protocolos utilizados para la vigilancia de la salud de lapoblación trabajadora e introducir los cambios necesarios(AU)
Background: Specific occupational health surveillance protocols are essential tools for the prevention of occupationalhazards. Recent changes in legislation, coupled with a significant increase in women workforce, necessitate a review of theseprotocols with respect to their applicability to female workers. The aim of this article is to analyze existing Spanish occupationalhealth surveillance protocols from a gender perspective Methods: The design and content of four of the nineteen available protocols published by Spanish Ministry of Healthwere analyzed by eight experts through consensus techniques, using a Gender Perspective Guide based on the AGREEInstrument and evaluating each protocol in relation to five major areas and 14 individual items.Results: Of the five major areas, participation, and scope and objective obtained the best evaluations, while applicability,sexual and reproductive health, and occupational hazards yielded the poorest scores. For protocols used for OccupationalAsthma, Manual Handling of Loads and Data Computer Screens, six out of the eight experts recommended review andimprovement from a gender perspective. For the protocol regarding Pesticides, this same recommendation was supportedunanimously.Conclusions: Gender biases need to be identified, and changes recommended when necessary, in the Spanish protocolsfor occupational health surveillance(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Occupational Health , 35170/methods , 35170/policies , Health Surveillance/standards , Practice Guidelines as Topic/standards , Gender Identity , Occupational Health ServicesABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomedical Research/trends , Occupational Medicine/trends , Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data , 50207ABSTRACT
No disponible
Subject(s)
Humans , Biomedical Research/trends , Occupational Health , Health Priorities/trends , Health Policy/trends , Research Support as Topic/economicsABSTRACT
Se evalúa el Protocolo de Vigilancia Sanitaria Específica de Asma Laboral en seis dimensiones de calidad teórica mediante la aplicación del Instrumento AGREE. Para ello se establece un panel de cuatro evaluadores con experiencia en diferentes ámbitos de la Medicina del Trabajo. Resultados: El Instrumento AGREE se demostró válido para la evaluación de este protocolo existiendo un acuerdo entre evaluadores tanto en los puntos fuertes como débiles del protocolo. La Aplicabilidad de sus recomendaciones y la Participación de los implicados se mostraron como los puntos más débiles del protocolo y Muy mejorable en el Rigor científico. La independencia editorial y el Alcance y Objetivos se mostraron como los puntos más fuertes del protocolo. Conclusiones: Debería realizarse una revisión del protocolo en base a Guías o Pautas de elaboración recomendadas por instituciones de Calidad y dirigida prioritariamente a mejorar la evidencia y aplicabilidad de sus recomendaciones, así mismo el protocolo debe estar lo suficientemente documentado para permitir su reproducibilidad
There is evaluated the Protocol of Sanitary Specific Alertness of Labour Asthma in six dimensions of theoretical quality by means of the application of the Instrument AGREE. For it there is established a panel of four assessors by experience in different areas of the Medicine of the Work. Results: The Instrument AGREE was demonstrated valid for the evaluation of this protocol existing an agreement among assessors so much in the strong like weak points of the protocol. The Aplicabilidad of his recommendations and the Participation of the implied ones appeared as the weakest points of the protocol and very improvably in the scientific Rigor. The publishing independence and the Scope and Aims appeared as the strongest points of the protocol. Conclusions: a review of the protocol Should be realized on the basis of Guides or Guidelines of production recommended by qualit institutions and directed as a priority to improving the evidence and aplicabilidad of his recommendations, likewise the protocol must be the sufficiently documented to allow his reproducibility
Subject(s)
Humans , Population Surveillance , Clinical Protocols , Asthma/diagnosis , Asthma/therapy , Occupational Diseases/diagnosis , Occupational Diseases/therapy , Reproducibility of Results , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
No disponible
