ABSTRACT
Dengue fever and dengue haemorrhagic fever are important arthropod-borne viral diseases. Each year, there are ~50 million dengue infections and ~500,000 individuals are hospitalized with dengue haemorrhagic fever, mainly in Southeast Asia, the Pacific and the Americas. Illness is produced by any of the four dengue virus serotypes. A global strategy aimed at increasing the capacity for surveillance and outbreak response, changing behaviours and reducing the disease burden using integrated vector management in conjunction with early and accurate diagnosis has been advocated. Antiviral drugs and vaccines that are currently under development could also make an important contribution to dengue control in the future. Constituye una actualización de la enfermedad, la patogénesis, el diagnóstico, el control de la infección y los progresos en el desarrollo de drogas antivirales y de vacunas que pudieran ayudar al control del dengue en el futuro.
ABSTRACT
Se presenta un estudio en 4 grupos de muestras de suero procedentes de Cuba, Costa Rica, Nicaragua y Panamá, con el objetivo de determinar el serotipo del virus dengue responsable de una epidemia o brote, aplicando el Elisa de Captura de anticuerpos IgM (MAC-ELISA). Se empleó el estuche diagnóstico Dengue-IgM con cada uno de los serotipos por separado y se calculó un valor índice (densidad óptica de la muestra / valor de corte) en cada caso, con los cuales se realizaron 2 análisis estadísticos; el análisis de varianzas de Fisher y el cálculo de la LSD (Litter significant difference). Los cálculos permitieron determinar que en Cuba y Panamá circuló el serotipo 2 y en Costa Rica el serotipo 1, esto correspondió con los serotipos aislados durante las respectivas epidemias y en el caso de Nicaragua, las respuestas son muy heterogéneas, no se pudo determinar el serotipo responsable, probablemente porque en este país han circulado más de 2 serotipos a la vez.
ABSTRACT
Dengue is considered the main arthropod-borne viral disease of humans. In the last few years, an increasing number of reports of mild and severe cases have been reported. The growing dengue incidence observed in recent years has been accompanied by reports of new observations, findings and global initiatives with an improvement in our understanding of this phenomenon. The epidemiology and new clinical classification of dengue, advances in the diagnostic and pathogenesis knowledge, and vaccine development as well as control methods including new global initiatives are summarised here.
ABSTRACT
These types of monoclonal antibodies 8E8, 3F7 and 1E9 to dengue 4 virus H-241 strain. These monoclonal antibodies show various patterns of reactivity to the four dengue serotypes and different antigen preparations of serotype 4 when they were tested in various serological methods. The monoclonal antibody 8E8 exhibited a specificity of serotype (D-2; by hemagglutination inhibition); subcomplex (D-2 and D-4 by immunofluorescence) and complex (by immunoperoxidase technique). It was able to neutralize by 80 homologous virus and it turned out to be the only reactive monoclonal antibody in the complement fixation test. The monoclonal 3F7 did not react to by hemagglutination inhibition, recognized serotypes D-1, D-2, D-3 and D-4 by immunofluorescence and only serotypes D1 and D4 by immunoperoxidase technique but it was unable to neutralize the homologous virus. The 1E9 antibody was reactive to serotypes D1, D-2, D-3 and D-4 only by hemagglutination inhibition and neutralized serotype D-4. All the monoclonal antibodies were able to react to various dengue antigens through an ELISA of double antibody and showed fluorescent activity against 38th pass in Beagle dog kidney culture; however, they could not react to a D-4 recombinant antigen.
Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Mice , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antibodies, Viral , Dengue Virus , Aedes , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antibodies, Viral , Antibody Specificity , Cells, Cultured , Dengue Virus , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hybridomas , Kidney , SerotypingABSTRACT
The cellular immune response to dengue type 2 virus envelope protein was studied. To this end, the lympho-proliferative capacity of T-lymphocytes obtained from splenocytes of animals immunized with the protein when they were stimulated by such protein and dengue 2 virus. It was realized that splenocytes proliferated significantly in response to both types of viral antigens and that the values of stimulation indexes were higher in response to the whole virus than to the protein alone. Based on the above-mentioned, it was concludes that purified dengue 2 virus envelope protein was capable of generating specific and memory responses of antigen T-cell to dengue 2 type virus.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Mice , Dengue Virus , Viral Envelope Proteins/immunology , Mice, Inbred BALB C/immunology , Immunity, CellularABSTRACT
Dengue is at present the most important human arbovirosis. It is the main cause of hospitalization and death among children from southeast Asia. Two fifth of the world population live in dengue risk areas. In 1997, over 100 countries reported epidemic and more than 50,000,000 cases and 25,000 deaths were estomated. Nowadays, the Americas is passing through the same situation Asia faced years ago. In 1997, 27 countries reported cases of dengue, and in 14 of them cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever were documented. In all, 387,459 cases of classic dengue and 11,645 of dengue hemorrhagic fever were registered. During the last 2 decades dengue has increased significantly in our region with ups and downs in the annual incidence since 1981. It should be remarked that every 3 or 4 years there is a cyclic decrease and a further increase of the incidence, though it trends to rise. As regards dengue hemorrhagic fever, the situation is not more favorable. The Cuban epidemic that appeared in 1981 was completely untimely in the region. In 1989, 8 years later, the second important dengue hemorrhagic fever epidemic emerged in Venezuela, and from that moment on there has been an increasing tendency of this clinical form of the disease. The factors of the emergence and reemergence are present and rise year after year. The neoliberal policies and the consequent privatization of the health services in most of the countries allow us to watch a gloomy future in relation to the development of dengue and its severe form, the dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome.
