ABSTRACT
A study on the influence of gastrointestinal trichostrongyles on ram fertility was performed. Two groups of semen donor rams (Sarda breed) were utilized; one was experimentally infected with Haemonchus contortus, Trichostrongylus colubriformis and Teladorsagia circumcincta and the other was used as a control group. In all animals, coprological, haematological and reproductive parameters were studied. The results suggest that the parasites had a limited effect with some changes in phosphorus, cholesterol and chlorine levels. In our experience the parasitic burden produced no significant change on ram fertility.
Subject(s)
Fertility/physiology , Sheep Diseases/parasitology , Trichostrongyloidiasis/veterinary , Animals , Body Weight , Feces/parasitology , Male , Semen , Sheep , Trichostrongyloidea , Trichostrongyloidiasis/complicationsABSTRACT
We report a case of a locally advanced verrucous scrotal cancer in a patient with hypospadias. Surgical excision was performed and no recurrence was noted with 14 months of follow-up. To our knowledge, this association has not been reported. Historically, scrotal carcinoma is occupation related, but none of the occupational predisposing factors was identified in this patient. This observation suggests that hypospadias and secondary chronic inflammation of the scrotal skin, caused by prolonged contact with urine, may contribute to an increased risk of verrucous carcinoma.
Subject(s)
Carcinoma, Papillary/surgery , Genital Neoplasms, Male/surgery , Hypospadias/complications , Scrotum/surgery , Aged , Carcinoma, Papillary/epidemiology , Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology , Comorbidity , Genital Neoplasms, Male/epidemiology , Genital Neoplasms, Male/pathology , Humans , Hypospadias/epidemiology , Male , Scrotum/pathologyABSTRACT
The presence or absence of alpha activity in occipital EEG was detected automatically. Auditory-evoked responses (AERs) related to these two brain states and at the same time to different perceptual-cognitive situations (passive listening, discrimination between two tones and pressing the button accordingly similar discrimination without motor reaction) were analyzed and compared statistically. The main result was that during the alpha state (and not during the non-alpha state, when EEG was desynchronized), the amplitudes of N1, P1 waves and peak-to-peak amplitudes N1-P2 were higher during passive listening to stimuli in comparison with the active perceptual-cognitive states mentioned. No differences in latencies of AERs were found.
Subject(s)
Alpha Rhythm , Cognition/physiology , Evoked Potentials, Auditory/physiology , Adolescent , Adult , Arousal/physiology , Discrimination, Psychological/physiology , Electroencephalography , Female , Humans , Male , Mental Processes/physiology , Perception/physiologyABSTRACT
Subjects judged verbally on temporal order between pressing a switch and a marking sound (MS) in a simple reaction time paradigm. They were uncertain when sound preceded movement by less than about 60 ms or followed it by less than 130 ms (transient zone--TZ). The point of subjective equality (defined by 0.5 probability of correct judgements of temporal order of sound and switching onsets) and the median of TZ were shifted about 60 and 35 ms prior movement onset, respectively. Estimating mutual timing of movement preparation and execution and sensory delays, these shifts correspond to the simultaneity of onsets of MS and proprioceptive feedback in the brain. Thus the results suggest about proprioceptive origin of perception of active movement onset.
Subject(s)
Movement , Reaction Time , Time Perception , Adult , Humans , Models, Psychological , ProbabilityABSTRACT
The positive late wave of the average evoked responses induced by tachistoscopic presentation of single letters had a higher amplitude when the letters were correctly recognized than when they were not. The results suggest that the late positive component of VER is a correlate of complex cognitive processes engaged in objects identification.
