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1.
Hum Reprod ; 17(12): 3208-12, 2002 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12456625

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: This is a clinically-controlled study designed to investigate uterine and ovarian blood flow in patients with hypoestrogenic amenorrhoea. METHODS: Twelve women with hypoestrogenic amenorrhoea and 13 eumenorrhoeic subjects (controls) were enrolled. Colour and pulsed Doppler was used to visualize the uterine and ovarian arteries and the blood vessels within the ovarian stroma in both groups. Four blood flow indices were calculated: the pulsatility index, the resistance index, the peak systolic velocity and the end-diastolic velocity. RESULTS: Peak systolic velocity underwent the most significant change in amenorrhoeic patients, being significantly lower in comparison with that of controls, both in the uterine (P = 0.0009) and ovarian (P = 0.001) arteries. Compared with controls, the end-diastolic velocity of the ovarian artery was significantly lower (P = 0.039) in amenorrhoeic patients, and was also lower in the uterine artery (though not statistically significantly so). A reduction in blood flow was also evident in the ovarian stroma in amenorrhoeic patients. CONCLUSIONS: The significant reduction in blood flow observed in hypoestrogenic amenorrhoea suggests that estrogens play an important role in regulating both uterine and ovarian blood flow.


Subject(s)
Amenorrhea/diagnostic imaging , Estrogens/deficiency , Ovary/blood supply , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed , Uterus/blood supply , Adult , Amenorrhea/etiology , Arteries/diagnostic imaging , Blood Flow Velocity , Female , Humans , Pulsatile Flow , Vascular Resistance
2.
J Electromyogr Kinesiol ; 12(4): 305-16, 2002 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12121687

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to evaluate sternocleidomastoideus (SCM) and trapezius (superior fibers) muscle activity patterns in mouth-breathing children, and to compare them with nasal-breathing children. Forty-six children, of both sexes, ranging from 8 to 12 years old, were evaluated through electromyography. The selected children were divided into two groups; Group I, was made up of 26 mouth-breathing children and Group II of 20 nasal-breathing children. Electromyographic recordings were obtained through surface electrodes in the SCM and trapezius muscles, bilaterally, during oral and nasal inspiration. Root-mean-square (RMS) data expressed in microvolts (microV), were analyzed using the Kruskall-Wallis statistical test. From the results obtained, we concluded that there was a significant difference in the muscle activity between the groups, with higher activity during nasal inspiration in the mouth-breathing group. During oral inspiration, there was no significant difference between groups. Within the groups, only the mouth-breathing group showed higher activity during nasal inspiration.


Subject(s)
Action Potentials/physiology , Mouth Breathing/physiopathology , Neck Muscles/physiology , Nose/physiology , Child , Electromyography , Female , Humans , Male , Nose/physiopathology , Respiration
3.
Eur J Gynaecol Oncol ; 23(2): 123-6, 2002.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12013107

ABSTRACT

Ultrasound is a diagnostic method suitable for first level screening of ovarian cancer. The results in 4350 patients confirmed that ultrasound examination, both transabdominal and transvaginal, can be considered quite satisfactory because the sensibility was 100%.


Subject(s)
Mass Screening , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnosis , Abdomen , Female , Humans , Incidence , Italy/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Ovarian Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Ovarian Neoplasms/epidemiology , Ovarian Neoplasms/therapy , Sensitivity and Specificity , Ultrasonography , Vagina
4.
Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol ; 19(4): 366-70, 2002 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11952966

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To compare uterine artery blood flow in normal first-trimester pregnancies with those complicated by uterine bleeding. METHODS: Uterine artery blood flow was investigated by transvaginal color Doppler in 46 pregnant women affected by uterine bleeding and in a control group of 35 women with normal intrauterine pregnancy. Gestational age ranged from the 6th to the 12th week. Three blood flow values were calculated, the pulsatility index, the resistance index and the peak systolic velocity. Results were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Of the 46 patients affected by uterine bleeding, 18 had an incomplete miscarriage, eight had a blighted ovum, five had a missed miscarriage and 15 continued their pregnancy until term and delivered liveborn infants. No significant differences were found in any of the three vascular indices between the normal and the pathological groups of patients. Uterine artery pulsatility and resistance indices decreased with gestational age in both normal and abnormal pregnancies but this change was not statistically significant. The peak systolic velocity significantly increased with gestational age in the control group but not in the pathological group. In patients with a retroplacental hematoma, uterine vascular resistance appeared higher than in those without a hematoma, while the peak systolic velocity showed no difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Doppler analysis of the uterine artery blood flow is unlikely to have a clinical role in the management of early pregnancies complicated by uterine bleeding.


Subject(s)
Pregnancy Complications/diagnostic imaging , Ultrasonography, Prenatal/methods , Uterine Hemorrhage/diagnostic imaging , Uterus/blood supply , Adolescent , Adult , Analysis of Variance , Arteries/physiology , Arteries/physiopathology , Blood Flow Velocity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Gestational Age , Humans , Middle Aged , Pregnancy , Pregnancy Trimester, First , Prospective Studies , Pulsatile Flow , Uterus/diagnostic imaging , Vascular Resistance
5.
Eur J Gynaecol Oncol ; 21(5): 479-83, 2000.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11198037

ABSTRACT

The aim of this research was to detect new valid prognostic indicators that allow us to choose the best therapy and follow-up for patients with a poor prognosis. One hundred and twenty-nine patients with invasive squamous carcinoma of the vulva treated at the Gynecology Clinic of the University of Padua between January 1, 1975 and December 31, 1999 have been evaluated: Protein p53 and ki-67 were studied by immunohistochemical investigations and their prognostic significance was evaluated. The relation with the classic clinico-pathological prognostic factors was also studied. The results showed a close association between tissue overexpression of the two proteins and clinico-pathological characteristics of the aggressivity of the neoplasm. Moreover, the group of positive p53 patients with a diffuse distribution pattern of ki-67 resulted in having a somewhat shorter survival with respect to the groups with negative p53 and/or a focal pattern. Such negative prognostic significance was confirmed by the results of the multivariate analysis performed with the Cox model which shows that patients with p53 positive values and a diffuse pattern have a higher relative risk of death compared to patients with p53 negative values and focal pattern (p=0.0001). The statistical significance of the prognostic value of the association of p53 and ki-67 thus seems to give these two factors greater weight with respect to the others we investigated.


Subject(s)
Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/metabolism , Ki-67 Antigen/biosynthesis , Tumor Suppressor Protein p53/biosynthesis , Vulvar Neoplasms/metabolism , Aged , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/immunology , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology , Female , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Multivariate Analysis , Neoplasm Staging , Prognosis , Survival Rate , Vulvar Neoplasms/immunology , Vulvar Neoplasms/pathology
6.
Quintessence Int ; 29(10): 637-42, 1998 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9922761

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Marginal leakage of amalgam restorations may lead to secondary caries and pulpal damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect various cavity liners might have on microleakage. METHOD AND MATERIALS: Mesio-occlusodistal amalgam restorations with margins on enamel and dentin were treated with different liner materials (an adhesive system, a topical fluoride gel, a cavity varnish, and a glass-ionomer cement) in vitro. Following restoration, the teeth were submitted to thermocycling in a stained solution and sectioned to allow assessment of microleakage. RESULTS: On enamel, the control group (no liner) and the glass-ionomer-lined group had equivalent leakage scores and were superior to every other group. On dentin, only the glass-ionomer specimens had superior performance. The cavity varnish and fluoride-lined specimens exhibited the highest leakage scores. CONCLUSION: The use of liners does not reduce microleakage on amalgam restorations when the cavity margins remain on enamel. On dentin margins, a glass-ionomer liner can reduce microleakage.


Subject(s)
Dental Amalgam , Dental Bonding , Dental Cavity Lining , Dental Leakage/prevention & control , Dental Marginal Adaptation , Adhesives , Bicuspid , Dental Enamel , Dental Restoration, Permanent/methods , Dentin , Fluorides, Topical , Glass Ionomer Cements , Humans , Resin Cements , Statistics as Topic
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