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1.
Hum Mov Sci ; 83: 102947, 2022 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35378431

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of performing a dual task on the sway density plot parameters in Parkinson's disease and control subjects. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was used to establish differences in the mean peak, mean time, and mean distance between a group with Parkinson's disease and a control group without Parkinson's disease. The subjects performed, in a unique measurement session, two trials under three different randomized conditions: i. eyes open, ii. eyes closed, and iii. Eyes open with foam base. One trial was performed as a single task (i.e., the subjects completed one of the balance test), while the other trial was performed as a dual task (i.e., the subjects performed a cognitive task at the same time that they maintained the static balance). RESULTS: There was a group x dual task x condition effect in mean peak (F1.5, 51.1 = 5.21; p = 0.015; η2p = 0.13) and mean time (F1.4, 47.3 = 4.43; p = 0.03; η2p = 0.11) variables. According dual-task cost analysis, there was a main effect of the condition (F6,134 = 2.44; p = 0.05; η2p = 0.34) on MD (F2,68 = 6.90; p < 0.01; η2p = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: This result indicates differences in the dual task interference in the postural control mechanisms between the Parkinson's disease population and healthy pairs. For easy dual tasks, the Parkinson subjects used anticipatory control responses for longer periods of time, and for more difficult tasks, their control strategy did not change regarding single balance task.


Subject(s)
Parkinson Disease , Case-Control Studies , Cross-Sectional Studies , Humans , Parkinson Disease/psychology , Postural Balance/physiology
2.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 43(3): 179-182, mayo 2021. tab
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-219049

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo La miocardiopatía dilatada es una causa frecuente de trasplante cardíaco y los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca han demostrado ser útiles como parte del tratamiento. El objetivo principal de este trabajo es exponer un caso clínico donde se muestra el impacto del tratamiento de rehabilitación en un paciente con esta enfermedad. Descripción del caso Se presenta el caso de un paciente de 25 años con diagnóstico de miocardiopatía dilatada con New York Heart Association (NYHA) III y fracción de eyección del ventrículo izquierdo (FEVI) del 10%. Presentaba intolerancia al ejercicio, disnea a pequeños-moderados esfuerzos y en espera de trasplante cardíaco. Intervención Ante estos hallazgos, es derivado a programa de rehabilitación cardíaca hospitalaria de alto riesgo para optimizarlo antes del trasplante, donde realizó un programa de ejercicio físico (resistencia aeróbica, fuerza muscular periférica y respiratoria), educación sanitaria y soporte psicológico. Resultados Tras 4 meses de tratamiento el paciente presenta una mejoría clínica y funcional notoria, logrando posponer el trasplante cardíaco. Discusión Los programas de rehabilitación cardíaca pueden suponer un avance terapéutico en la miocardiopatía dilatada. Estos pueden mejorar tanto la tolerancia al ejercicio como parámetros de funcionalidad y en algunos pacientes la fracción de eyección (AU)


Background and objective Dilated cardiomyopathy is a frequent cause of heart transplantation. Cardiac rehabilitation programmes have proven helpful as part of treatment. The main aim of this paper is to present a clinical case showing the impact of rehabilitation treatment on a patient with this pathology. Case description We present the case of a 25-year-old patient diagnosed with dilated cardiomyopathy with New York Heart Association (NYHA) III and 10% left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). He had exercise intolerance, dyspnoea on mild-moderate exertion and is awaiting heart transplantation. Intervention Given these findings, the patient was referred to a high-risk hospital cardiac rehabilitation programme for optimization prior to transplantation, where he carried out a programme of physical exercise (aerobic resistance, peripheral muscle, and respiratory strength), health education and psychological support. Results After 4 months of treatment, the patient shows marked clinical and functional improvement, and therefore heart transplantation can be postponed. Discussion Cardiac rehabilitation programmes can be a therapeutic advance in dilated cardiomyopathy. They can improve both exercise tolerance and functionality parameters and, in some patients, the ejection fraction. In this article, an exhaustive review of the rehabilitation treatment of dilated cardiomyopathy is performed (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Cardiomyopathy, Dilated/surgery , Heart Transplantation , Cardiac Rehabilitation/methods
3.
Fisioterapia (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 40(5): 241-248, sept.-oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-178850

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio se centrará en la elaboración de un árbol de decisión como una técnica de análisis de datos que permita establecer combinaciones de factores de riesgo que puedan predisponer a padecer dolor de espalda en esta población. Material y métodos: La muestra del estudio estuvo formada por 337 jóvenes con una edad de entre 12 y 17 años de un centro escolar de Castellón. Los sujetos cumplimentaron el Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire y el cuestionario Nórdico de Kuorinka. Además, se realizó una valoración del índice de masa corporal, del porcentaje de grasa corporal, de las características de la mochila escolar y del tiempo de transporte de esta y de la actividad física habitual (esta última mediante acelerometría). Estos factores se utilizaron como variables de entrada en un árbol de decisión, con el objetivo de clasificar a los adolescentes en función de si habían tenido o no algún episodio de dolor de espalda. Resultados: El árbol mostró una exactitud del 78,39% en la clasificación de los estudiantes. La sensibilidad de la clasificación fue del 90,77% mientras que la especificidad fue del 63,21%. Conclusiones: El árbol de decisión es una técnica de análisis que ha permitido encontrar combinaciones de factores de riesgo que están relacionados con la aparición de dolor de espalda en adolescentes. Los resultados hallados indican que la práctica de actividad física, el índice de masa corporal, el porcentaje de grasa, el tiempo de transporte de la mochila a la escuela, los minutos de actividades sedentarias realizados a la semana y los antecedentes familiares de dolor de espalda son factores relacionados con el dolor de espalda en la adolescencia


Objective: The aim of this study was to use a decision tree as a data analysis technique in order to establish combinations of risk factors that may predispose schoolchildren to suffer back pain. Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 337 young people between 12 and 17 years of age from a high school in Castellon, Spain. The subjects completed the Adolescent Sedentary Activity Questionnaire and the Kuorinka Nordic questionnaire. The study also included an assessment of the body mass index, body fat percentage, the characteristics of the school backpack, the time of transportation of the backpack, and habitual physical activity (latter by means of accelerometers). These factors were used as input variables in a decision tree, with the objective of classifying adolescents according to whether they had or had not a back pain episode. Results: The tree showed an accuracy of 78.39% in student classification. The sensitivity of the classification was 90.77%, while the specificity was 63.21%. Conclusions: The decision tree is a useful analysis technique that has allowed finding combinations of risk factors associated with low back pain in adolescents. The findings suggest that practicing physical activity, the body mass index, body fat percentage, time of transportation of the backpack, minutes of sedentary activities, and family history of back pain are factors related to back pain in adolescents


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Back Pain/etiology , Decision Trees , Risk Factors , Students , Adolescent , Multivariate Analysis , Body Mass Index , Exercise
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