Percepção de servidores públicos acerca da transição para a aposentadoria / Public servants' perception of the transition to retirement / Percepción de los servidores públicos sobre la transición a la jubilación

Objetivo: apreender as percepções acerca da transição para a aposentadoria em servidores públicos de uma universidade. Método: estudo qualitativo, incluindo servidores aposentados, à luz da Teoria das Transições de Meleis, sob o conceito condicionantes da transição: fatores que facilitam ou inibem esse processo. Utilizaram-se questões abertas para a coleta de dados, submetidas àanálise de conteúdo. Resultados: participaram 32 aposentados, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino e aposentados de seis meses a cinco anos. Duas categorias emergiram: "Ressignificando o tempo livre" na qual os participantes relataram adoção de novos hábitos, a intensificação do convívio familiar e o desligamento gradual do trabalho; e "Desilusões no caminho"que apresenta os fatores que dificultam o processo: o excesso de tempo livre, a diminuição na renda e o isolamento social. Conclusão: compreender tais fatores possibilita o planejamento de intervenções em saúde nas instituições que facilitem a transição.

Objective: to apprehend the perceptions about the transition to retirement in civil servants of a university. Method: qualitative study, including retired civil servants, in the light of Meleis' Theory of Transitions, under the concept of transition constraints: factors that facilitate or inhibit this process. Open questions were used for data collection and submitted to content analysis. Results: 32 retirees participated, most of them female and retired from six months to five years. Two categories emerged: "Re-signifying free time" in which the participants reported adopting new habits, the intensification of family life and the gradual withdrawal from work; and "Disappointments along the way", which presents the factors that hinder the process: excessive free time, reduced income and social isolation. Conclusion: understanding these factors makes it possible to plan health interventions in institutions that facilitate the transition.

Objetivo: aprehender las percepciones sobre la transición a la jubilación en servidores públicos de una universidad. Método: estudio cualitativo, incluyendo funcionarios jubilados, a la luz de la Teoría de las Transiciones de Meleis, bajo el concepto de restricciones de transición: factores que facilitan o inhiben este proceso. Se utilizaron preguntas abiertas para la recolección de datos, sometidas al análisis de contenido. Resultados: participaron 32 jubilados, la mayoría mujeres y jubilados de seis meses a cinco años. Emergieron dos categorías: "Resignificar el tiempo libre", en la que los participantes relataron la adopciónde nuevos hábitos, la intensificación de la vida familiar y el retiro paulatino del trabajo; y "Desengaños en el camino", que presenta los factores que dificultan el proceso: exceso de tiempo libre, reducción de ingresos y aislamiento social. Conclusión: la comprensión de estos factores posibilita la planificación de intervenciones de salud en instituciones que faciliten la transición.

Pregnancy loss in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: Grounded Theory.

OBJECTIVE: to learn the meanings attributed to pregnancy loss by women with Lupus. METHOD: qualitative research, based on Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory. Data collection took place between January and August 2022 through in-depth interviews. Data analysis went through the stages of initial and focused coding. RESULTS: seventeen women participated. The central phenomenon "The climb to motherhood: falls and overcoming" was constructed, consisting of three categories: "Falling to the ground during the climb: the experience of pregnancy loss"; "Getting up and following the path: new attempts to conceive"; and "Remembering the journey: meanings attributed to pregnancy losses". FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: experiencing pregnancy is, analogously, like climbing a mountain, where obstacles need to be overcome to reach the summit. The experience of pregnancy loss is seen as complex, especially when there is fragility in healthcare and a lack of awareness regarding feelings of loss and grief.

Challenges of nursing research with immigrant and refugee populations: methodological and pragmatic considerations.

The objective of the study was to identify the main challenges in conducting research with immigrants and refugees and to provide seven methodological and pragmatic strategies. The analyses presented, based on the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality, are extracted from insights of the authors' experiences as researchers and the literature. The main challenges are related to cultural, moral, political, and educational differences between researcher and researched; identification of the universe and sampling; access to informants through the barrier of distrust; and communication and language difficulties. Strategies to make research more successful involve: developing a thorough research protocol; creatively recruiting participants; developing strategies to facilitate communication; having a sensitive look; offering a structure of reciprocity; increasing trust, and triangulating research. The main methodological and pragmatic issues in studies with immigrants and refugees were explored, providing valuable guidance for future projects. However, in different migration situations, researchers must be aware of the possibility of other challenges arising during the investigative process.

Experiences of Providers and Immigrants/Refugees with Health Care: A Meta-Synthesis of the Latin American Context.

INTRODUCTION: The experiences of providers and immigrants/refugees related to healthcare in the Latin American context have not yet been aggregated. This study aimed to synthesize the qualitative evidence on this theme. METHOD: A systematic review of qualitative evidence with meta-synthesis. After identification, eligible studies were evaluated for methodological quality, and information was systematically analyzed. RESULTS: The sample comprised 26 articles. The meta-theme shows that the experiences of providers and immigrants/refugees are determined by multilevel factors. In a macro-context, these factors involve the vulnerabilities of immigrants/refugees and the healthcare system/model, and in a closer context, they involve the lack of professional training in cultural skills and communication; language barriers; and prejudice/xenophobia. Within healthcare, the relationship is mostly conflictual, asymmetric, and unable to solve problems, leading to negative repercussions for both. CONCLUSIONS: Managers involved in developing public policies and providers must consider improving the interrelationship between healthcare services and the migrant population.

Adherence to Covid-19 vaccination during the pandemic: the influence of fake news.

OBJECTIVES: to understand how fake news has influenced adherence to Covid-19 immunization, from the perspective of health professionals. METHODS: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study was conducted in Campo Grande - MS. Twenty nursing professionals working in vaccine rooms or managing immunobiologicals participated through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to thematic content analysis. RESULTS: two categories emerged in which the professionals highlighted an increase in vaccine hesitancy among the population, influenced by fake news and denialist actions, which negatively interfered with the population's trust in vaccines and in the professionals administering them. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: concerns about vaccine safety and denialist actions by authorities and media outlets can contribute to the phenomenon of non-vaccination. The valorization of science, the promotion of educational actions, and raising public awareness about immunization were presented as strategies to increase vaccine coverage.

Challenges of nursing research with immigrant and refugee populations: methodological and pragmatic considerations / Desafíos de la investigación en enfermería con poblaciones inmigrantes y refugiadas: consideraciones metodológicas y pragmáticas / Desafios da pesquisa em enfermagem com populações imigrantes e refugiadas: considerações metodológicas e pragmáticas

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to identify the main challenges in conducting research with immigrants and refugees and to provide seven methodological and pragmatic strategies. The analyses presented, based on the Theory of Culture Care Diversity and Universality, are extracted from insights of the authors' experiences as researchers and the literature. The main challenges are related to cultural, moral, political, and educational differences between researcher and researched; identification of the universe and sampling; access to informants through the barrier of distrust; and communication and language difficulties. Strategies to make research more successful involve: developing a thorough research protocol; creatively recruiting participants; developing strategies to facilitate communication; having a sensitive look; offering a structure of reciprocity; increasing trust, and triangulating research. The main methodological and pragmatic issues in studies with immigrants and refugees were explored, providing valuable guidance for future projects. However, in different migration situations, researchers must be aware of the possibility of other challenges arising during the investigative process.

RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue identificar los principales desafíos al realizar investigaciones con inmigrantes y refugiados y proporcionar siete estrategias metodológicas y pragmáticas. Los análisis presentados, basados en la Teoría de Diversidad y Universalidad de la Atención Cultural, se extraen de insights de las experiencias de los autores como investigadores y de la literatura. Los principales desafíos están relacionados con las diferencias culturales, morales, políticas y educativas entre investigador e investigado; identificación del universo y muestreo; acceso a informantes a través de la barrera de la desconfianza; y dificultades de comunicación y lenguaje. Las estrategias para lograr que la investigación sea más exitosa implican: desarrollar un protocolo de investigación exhaustivo; reclutar participantes de forma creativa; desarrollar estrategias para facilitar la comunicación; tener una mirada sensible; ofrecer una estructura de reciprocidad; aumentar la confianza y triangular la investigación. Se exploraron las principales cuestiones metodológicas y pragmáticas en los estudios con inmigrantes y refugiados, proporcionando una valiosa orientación para proyectos futuros. Sin embargo, en diferentes situaciones migratorias, los investigadores deben ser conscientes de la posibilidad de que surjan otros desafíos durante el proceso de investigación.

RESUMO O objetivo do estudo foi identificar os principais desafios na condução de pesquisas com imigrantes e refugiados e fornecer sete estratégias metodológicas e pragmáticas. As análises apresentadas, embasadas na Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural, são extraídas de insights das experiências dos autores enquanto pesquisadores e da literatura. Os principais desafios relacionam-se a diferenças culturais, morais, políticas e educacionais entre pesquisador e pesquisado; identificação do universo e amostragem; acesso aos informantes pela barreira da desconfiança; e dificuldade de comunicação e idioma. As estratégias para tornar a pesquisa mais exitosa envolvem: desenvolver um minucioso protocolo de pesquisa; recrutar participantes de forma criativa; elaborar estratégias para facilitar a comunicação; ter olhar sensível; oferecer uma estrutura de reciprocidade; ampliar a confiança e triangular a pesquisa. Foram exploradas as principais questões metodológicas e pragmáticas nos estudos com imigrantes e refugiados, fornecendo orientações valiosas para projetos futuros. Entretanto, em diferentes situações de migração, os pesquisadores devem atentar-se para a possibilidade de surgirem outros desafios durante o processo investigativo.

Adherence to Covid-19 vaccination during the pandemic: the influence of fake news / Adhesión a la vacunación contra la Covid-19 durante la pandemia: influencia de las fake news / Adesão à vacinação contra a Covid-19 durante a pandemia: influência de fake news

ABSTRACT Objectives: to understand how fake news has influenced adherence to Covid-19 immunization, from the perspective of health professionals. Methods: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study was conducted in Campo Grande - MS. Twenty nursing professionals working in vaccine rooms or managing immunobiologicals participated through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to thematic content analysis. Results: two categories emerged in which the professionals highlighted an increase in vaccine hesitancy among the population, influenced by fake news and denialist actions, which negatively interfered with the population's trust in vaccines and in the professionals administering them. Final Considerations: concerns about vaccine safety and denialist actions by authorities and media outlets can contribute to the phenomenon of non-vaccination. The valorization of science, the promotion of educational actions, and raising public awareness about immunization were presented as strategies to increase vaccine coverage

RESUMEN Objetivos: comprender cómo las fake news influyeron en la adhesión a la inmunización contra la Covid-19, desde la perspectiva de los profesionales de la salud. Métodos: estudio cualitativo, descriptivo-exploratorio, realizado en Campo Grande - MS. Participaron 20 profesionales de enfermería que trabajan en la sala de vacunas o en la gestión de inmunobiológicos, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas. Las entrevistas fueron grabadas, transcritas en su totalidad y sometidas a análisis de contenido, en la modalidad temática. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías en las que los profesionales destacaron el aumento de la vacilación vacunal por parte de la población, la influencia de las fake news y de acciones negacionistas que interfirieron negativamente en la confianza de la población en las vacunas y en los profesionales que las aplican. Consideraciones Finales: preguntas sobre la seguridad de la vacunación y acciones negacionistas realizadas por autoridades y medios de comunicación pueden generar el fenómeno de la no vacunación. La valorización de la ciencia, la promoción de acciones educativas y la concienciación de la población sobre la inmunización fueron presentadas como estrategias para aumentar la cobertura vacunal.

RESUMO Objetivoss: apreender como as fake news influenciaram na adesão à imunização contra a Covid-19, na perspectiva dos profissionais de saúde. Métodos: estudo qualitativo, descritivo-exploratório, realizado em Campo Grande - MS. Participaram 20 profissionais de enfermagem atuantes em sala de vacina ou gestão de imunobiológicos, por meio de entrevista semiestruturada. As entrevistas foram audiogravadas, transcritas na íntegra e submetidas à análise de conteúdo, na modalidade temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias nas quais os profissionais destacaram o aumento da hesitação vacinal por parte da população, a influência das fake news e de ações negacionistas que interferiram negativamente na confiança da população nas vacinas e nos profissionais que as aplicam. Considerações Finais: questionamentos em relação à segurança vacinal e ações negacionistas realizadas por autoridades e veículos midiáticos podem gerar o fenômeno da não vacinação. A valorização da ciência, a promoção de ações de educação e a conscientização populacional quanto à imunização foram apresentadas como estratégias para aumento da cobertura vacinal.

Pregnancy loss in women with systemic lupus erythematosus: Grounded Theory / Pérdida del embarazo en mujeres con lupus eritematoso sistémico: una Teoría Fundamentada en Datos / Perda gestacional por mulheres com Lúpus Eritematoso Sistêmico: uma Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados

ABSTRACT Objective: to learn the meanings attributed to pregnancy loss by women with Lupus. Method: qualitative research, based on Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory. Data collection took place between January and August 2022 through in-depth interviews. Data analysis went through the stages of initial and focused coding. Results: seventeen women participated. The central phenomenon "The climb to motherhood: falls and overcoming" was constructed, consisting of three categories: "Falling to the ground during the climb: the experience of pregnancy loss"; "Getting up and following the path: new attempts to conceive"; and "Remembering the journey: meanings attributed to pregnancy losses". Final considerations: experiencing pregnancy is, analogously, like climbing a mountain, where obstacles need to be overcome to reach the summit. The experience of pregnancy loss is seen as complex, especially when there is fragility in healthcare and a lack of awareness regarding feelings of loss and grief.

RESUMEN Objetivo: comprender los significados atribuidos a la pérdida del embarazo por mujeres con Lupus. Método: investigación cualitativa, basada en el Interaccionismo Simbólico y la Teoría Fundamentada en Datos. La recolección de datos se realizó entre enero y agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas en profundidad. El análisis de datos pasó por las etapas de codificación inicial y focalizada. Resultados: participaron 17 mujeres. Se construyó el fenómeno central "La subida a la maternidad: caídas y superación", conformado por tres categorías: "Caer al suelo durante la subida: la experiencia de la pérdida del embarazo"; "Levantarse y seguir el camino: nuevos intentos de concebir"; y "Recordando el viaje: significados atribuidos a las pérdidas de embarazos". Consideraciones finales: vivir el embarazo es, análogamente, como escalar una montaña, donde es necesario superar obstáculos para llegar a la cima. La experiencia de la pérdida del embarazo se considera compleja, especialmente cuando hay fragilidad en la atención de salud y falta de conciencia sobre los sentimientos de pérdida y duelo.

RESUMO Objetivo: apreender os significados atribuídos à perda gestacional por mulheres com lúpus. Método: pesquisa qualitativa, pautada no Interacionismo Simbólico e na Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre janeiro e agosto de 2022, mediante entrevistas em profundidade. A análise de dados percorreu as etapas de codificação inicial e focalizada. Resultados: participaram 17 mulheres. Construiu-se o fenômeno central "A escalada da maternidade: quedas e superações", constituído por três categorias: "Caindo ao chão durante a subida: a vivência da perda gestacional"; "Levantando e seguindo o caminho: novas tentativas de gestar"; e "Rememorando o percurso: significados atribuídos às perdas gestacionais". Considerações finais: vivenciar a gestação é, analogicamente, como escalar uma montanha, onde obstáculos precisam ser vencidos até o alcance do cume. A vivência de perdas gestacionais é significada como complexa, em especial quando há fragilidade na assistência à saúde e falta de sensibilização diante dos sentimentos de perda e luto.

Desafios da gestão menstrual: uma revisão integrativa / Challenges of menstrual management: an integrative review / Desafíos de la gestión menstrual: una revisión integrativa

Objetivo: analisar as evidências disponíveis na literatura sobre os desafios da gestão menstrual. Método: revisão integrativa da literatura realizada nas bases de dados PubMed, BVS, SciELO e Mendeley, utilizando os descritores "Menstruação", "Produtos de Higiene Menstrual" e "Saúde", para responder à questão norteadora "Quais são as dificuldades e os impactos encontrados pelas pessoas na gestão de suas menstruações?". Resultados: foram incluídos dezessete estudos os quais permitiram a construção de infográfico, que destacou como principais desafios da gestão menstrual.: barreiras culturais e sociais, acesso a produtos de higiene menstrual, infraestrutura e ambientes adequados, educação e conscientização, e impacto na saúde e bem-estar. Considerações finais: barreiras culturais, falta de educação menstrual e acesso limitado a produtos e infraestrutura prejudicam a saúde e o bem-estar das mulheres, impactando suas atividades diárias, no âmbito escolar e/ou profissional. Reconhecer essas questões é crucial para a proposição de intervenções e políticas públicas.

Objective: To analyze the available evidence in the literature regarding the challenges of menstrual management. Method: Integrative literature review conducted in the PubMed, BVS, SciELO, and Mendeley databases, using the keywords "Menstruation," "Menstrual Hygiene Products," and "Health," to answer the guiding question "What are the difficulties and impacts encountered by individuals in managing their menstruation?" Results: Seventeen studies were included, allowing the construction of an infographic that highlighted the main challenges of menstrual management: cultural and social barriers, access to menstrual hygiene products, adequate infrastructure and environments, education and awareness, and health and well-being impact. Final considerations:cultural barriers, lack of menstrual education, and limited access to products and infrastructure negatively impact women's health and well-being, affecting their daily activities, both in educational and/or professional settings. Recognizing these issues is crucial for proposing interventions and public policies.

Objetivos:analizar las evidencias disponibles en la literatura sobre los desafíos de la gestión menstrual. Método: revisión integrativa de la literatura realizada en las bases de datos PubMed, BVS, SciELO y Mendeley, utilizando los descriptores "Menstruación", "Productos de Higiene Menstrual" y "Salud", para responder a la pregunta guía "¿Cuáles son las dificultades y los impactos encontrados por las personas en la gestión de sus menstruaciones?". Resultados: se incluyeron diecisiete estudios que permitieron la construcción de un infográfico, que destacó como principales desafíos de la gestión menstrual: barreras culturales y sociales, acceso a productos de higiene menstrual, infraestructura y entornos adecuados, educación y concienciación, e impacto en la salud y el bienestar. Consideraciones finales: barreras culturales, falta de educación y acceso limitado afectan la salud y bienestar femenino, impactando actividades diarias y profesionales. Reconocer estas cuestiones es crucial para proponer intervenciones y políticas públicas.

Condição de saúde bucal entre indígenas Kaingang com diabetes mellitus / Oral health condition among Kaingang indigenous people with diabetes mellitus / Estado de salud bucal de los indígenas Kaingang con diabetes mellitus

Objetivo: analisar as condições de saúde bucal de indígenas com diabetes. Método: estudo transversal, realizado na Terra Indígena na região norte do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados mediante entrevista, exame intraoral e consulta a prontuários de indígenas da etnia Kaingang e submetidos à análise descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: participaram 45 indígenas, com idade média de 56,3 ± 12,4 anos, sendo 53,3% do sexo feminino. Em relação ao risco em saúde bucal, 31,1% apresentaram alto risco sendo que 95,6% deles tinham índice muito alto e alto (≥ 5) de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados, 42,2% referiram xerostomia, 66,7% diagnóstico de doença periodontal e 24,4% eram edêntulos totais. Conclusão: a condição de saúde bucal de indígenas com diabetes reflete a necessidade de priorizar ações de educação preventiva em saúde bucal pelas equipes de saúde da família

Objective: to analyze the oral health conditions of indigenous people with diabetes. Method: cross-sectional study, carried out in the Indigenous Land in the northern region of Paraná. Data were collected through interviews, intraoral examinations and con-sultation of medical records of indigenous people of the Kaingang ethnic group and subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis. Results: 45 indigenous people participated, with an average age of 56.3 ± 12.4 years, 53.3% of whom were female. In relation to the risk in oral health, 31.1% presented a high risk, with 95.6% of them having a very high and high rate (≥ 5) of decayed, lost and filled teeth, 42.2% reported xerostomia, 66.7 % diagnosed with periodontal disease and 24.4% were completely edentulous. Conclusion:the oral health condition of indigenous people with diabetes reflects the need to prioritize preventive oral health education actions by family health teams

Objetivo: analizar las condiciones de salud bucal de indígenas con diabetes. Método: estudio transversal, realizado en Tierra Indíge-na de la región norte de Paraná. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas, exámenes intraorales y consulta de historias clínicas de indígenas de la etnia Kaingang y sometidos a análisis descriptivo e inferencial. Resultados: Participaron 45 indígenas, con una edad promedio de 56,3 ± 12,4 años, de los cuales el 53,3% eran mujeres. En relación al riesgo en salud bucal, el 31.1% presentó riesgo alto, teniendo el 95.6% de ellos un índice muy alto y alto (≥ 5) de dientes cariados, perdidos y obturados, el 42.2% reportó xerostomía, el 66.7% diagnosticado con enfermedad periodontal. enfermedad y el 24,4% eran completamente edéntulos. Conclusión: la condición de salud bucal de los indígenas con diabetes refleja la necesidad de priorizar acciones de educación preventiva en salud bucal por parte de los equipos de salud de la familia

Autocuidado e hábitos de vida de acadêmicos de enfermagem durante a pandemia de Sars-Cov-2 / Self-care and lifestyle habits of nursing students during the Sars-Cov-2 pandemic / Hábitos de autocuidado y estilo de vida de estudiantes de enfermería durante la pandemia Sars-Cov-2

Objetivo: compreender de que maneira a pandemia de Covid-19 interferiu no autocuidado e estilo de vida de universitários.Método: pesquisa descritiva exploratória realizada com acadêmicos de enfermagem de quatro instituições de ensino superior do estado do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados mediante formulário eletrônico disponibilizado no google forms; os de natureza quantitativa foram submetidos à análise descritiva e inferencial, e as respostas às questões abertas analisadas no Software Iramuteq.Resultados: participaram do estudo 58 estudantes de enfermagem, sendo a maioria do sexo feminino (82,76%), com idade média de 22 anos, a maioria residia com sua família. Observada associação estatisticamente significativa entre Idade e "Fez amizade durante aulas remotas"; Sexo e "uso de substância''; e Ano da graduação com hábito alimentar e "Fez amizade durante aulas remotas".Conclusão: a pandemia influenciou, especialmente, os hábitos alimentares, de autocuidado, qualidade do sono e uso álcool e tabaco entre os acadêmicos de enfermagem

Objective: to understand how the Covid-19 pandemic has interfered with the self-care and lifestyle of university students. Method: exploratory descriptive research carried out with nursing students from four higher education institutions in the state of Paraná. Data were collected using an electronic form available on Google Forms; those of a quantitative nature were subjected to descriptive and inferential analysis, and the answers to open questions analyzed using the Iramuteq Software. Results: 58 nursing students participated in the study, the majority of whom were female (82.76%), with an average age of 22 years, the majority lived with their family. Statistically significant association was observed between Age and "Made friends during remote classes"; Sex and "substance use"; and Year of graduation with eating habits and "Made friends during remote classes". Conclusion: the pandemic especially influenced eating habits, self-care, sleep quality and alcohol and tobacco use among nursing students

Objetivos:comprender cómo la pandemia de Covid-19 ha interferido en el autocuidado y estilo de vida de los estudiantes universitarios. Método: investigación descriptiva exploratoria realizada con estudiantes de enfermería de cuatro instituciones de educación superior del estado de Paraná. Los datos fueron recopilados mediante un formulario electrónico disponible en Google Forms; los de carácter cuantitativo fueron sometidos a análisis descriptivo e inferencial, y las respuestas a preguntas abiertas analizadas mediante el Software Iramuteq. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 58 estudiantes de enfermería, la mayoría del sexo femenino (82,76%), con una edad promedio de 22 años, la mayoría vivía con su familia. Se observó asociación estadísticamente significativa entre Edad y "Hizo amigos durante las clases remotas"; Sexo y "consumo de sustancias"; y Año de graduación con hábitos alimentarios y "Hice amigos durante clases remotas". Conclusión: la pandemia influyó especialmente en los hábitos alimentarios, el autocuidado, la calidad del sueño y el consumo de alcohol y tabaco entre los estudiantes de enfermería

Cuidados paliativos em neonatologia sob a ótica do enfermeiro / Cuidados paliativos en neonatología desde la perspectiva de la enfermera / Palliative care in neonatology from nurses' perspective

Resumo Objetivo apreender as percepções e vivências de enfermeiros sobre os cuidados paliativos em neonatologia. Método pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, tendo como base conceitual os cuidados paliativos, realizada com enfermeiros atuantes em Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de três hospitais localizados em um município na região norte do Paraná. Os dados foram coletados no período de novembro de 2019 a janeiro de 2020, analisados por meio do referencial metodológico Discurso do Sujeito Coletivo Resultados participaram 20 enfermeiros, em sua maioria com tempo de experiência menor que 5 anos. Três temas traduzem as percepções e vivências dos enfermeiros: 1) Cuidados paliativos: da formação à vivência profissional; 2) Significando os cuidados paliativos em neonatologia; 3) Elegibilidade para os cuidados paliativos neonatais. Conclusão e implicações para a prática o enfermeiro refere lacunas em sua formação para a assistência ao recém-nascido em cuidados paliativos, no entanto muitos apresentaram a compreensão do significado de cuidados paliativos com foco na qualidade de vida dos bebês acometidos por uma situação ou doença incurável, incluindo a família. Tais aspectos apontam para a necessidade de formação e educação em saúde voltada para essa temática, bem como a implantação dos cuidados paliativos no serviço de neonatologia.

Resumen Objetivo comprender las percepciones y experiencias de los enfermeros sobre los cuidados paliativos en neonatología. Método investigación cualitativa, con base conceptual en los cuidados paliativos, realizada con enfermeros que actúan en Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales de tres hospitales ubicados en un municipio de la región norte de Paraná. Los datos fueron recolectados desde noviembre de 2019 a enero de 2020, analizados mediante el marco metodológico Discurso del Sujeto Colectivo. Resultados participaron 20 enfermeras, la mayoría con menos de 5 años de experiencia. Tres temas reflejan las percepciones y experiencias de los enfermeros: 1) Cuidados paliativos: de la formación a la experiencia profesional; 2) Significado de los cuidados paliativos en neonatología; 3) Elegibilidad para cuidados paliativos neonatales. Conclusión e implicaciones para la práctica las enfermeras reportan lagunas en su formación para asistir a los recién nacidos en cuidados paliativos, sin embargo, muchas presentaron una comprensión del significado de los cuidados paliativos con un enfoque en la calidad de vida de los bebés afectados por una situación o enfermedad incurable, incluyendo la familia. Estos aspectos apuntan a la necesidad de capacitación y educación en salud enfocada en este tema, así como la implementación de cuidados paliativos en el servicio de neonatología.

Abstract Objective to grasp nurses' perceptions and experiences about palliative care in neonatology. Method qualitative research, with palliative care as its conceptual basis, carried out with nurses working in Neonatal Intensive Care Units of three hospitals located in a municipality in the northern region of Paraná. Data were collected from November 2019 to January 2020, analyzed using the Discourse of the Collective Subject methodological framework. Results twenty nurses participated, most of them with less than 5 years of experience. Three topics reflect nurses' perceptions and experiences: 1) Palliative care: from training to professional experience; 2) Meaning palliative care in neonatology; 3) Eligibility for neonatal palliative care. Conclusion and implications for practice nurses report gaps in their training for assisting newborns in palliative care; however, many presented an understanding of the meaning of palliative care with a focus on quality of life of babies affected by an incurable situation or illness, including the family. These aspects point to the need for training and health education focused on this topic as well as the implementation of palliative care in the neonatology service.

Concepções e práticas dos profissionais da atenção primária à saúde acerca dos cuidados paliativos / Conceptions and practices of primary health care professionals regarding palliative care / Concepciones y prácticas de los profesionales de la atención primaria de salud sobre los cuidados paliativos

Objetivo: compreender as concepções e práticas dos profissionais da Atenção Primária à Saúde acerca dos cuidados paliativos. Método: estudo descritivo-exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa realizado com profissionais atuantes em três Unidades Básicas em município no sul do Brasil. Os dados foram coletados em junho de 2021, mediante entrevistas presenciais, audiogravadas junto a 36 profissionais de saúde selecionados por conveniência e submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: muitos profissionais da Atenção Primária, sobretudo os agentes comunitários, técnicos e auxiliares de enfermagem, possuem pouco conhecimento ou uma visão distorcida a respeito de cuidados paliativos, mas em seu cotidiano assistem pacientes e familiares. Considerações finais: embora não suficientemente preparados, os profissionais de saúde precisam estar junto, orientar e assistir usuários e familiares que necessitam de cuidados paliativos, necessitam portanto serem sensibilizados quanto a importância e benefícios dos cuidados paliativos e serem devidamente intrumentalizados para prestar essa assistência que valorize seus princípios.

Objective: to understand the conceptions and practices of Primary Health Care professionals regarding palliative care. Method: descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach carried out with professionals working in three Basic Units in a city in southern Brazil. Data were collected in June 2021, through face-to-face, audio-recorded interviews with 36 health professionals selected for convenience and subjected to content analysis, thematic modality. Results: many Primary Care professionals, especially community workers, technicians and nursing assistants, have little knowledge or a distorted view of palliative care, but in their daily lives they assist patients and families. Final considerations: although not sufficiently prepared, health professionals need to be together, guide and assist users and families who need palliative care, they therefore need to be made aware of the importance and benefits of palliative care and be properly equipped to provide this assistance that values its principles.

Objetivos: comprender las concepciones y prácticas de los profesionales de la Atención Primaria de Salud sobre los cuidados paliativos. Método: estudio descriptivo-exploratorio, con enfoque cualitativo, realizado con profesionales de tres Unidades Básicas de una ciudad de Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados en junio de 2021, mediante entrevistas presenciales, audio grabadas, a 36 profesionales seleccionados por conveniencia y sometidos a análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: muchos profesionales, especialmente trabajadores comunitarios, técnicos y auxiliares de enfermería, tienen pocos conocimientos o una visión distorsionada de los cuidados paliativos, pero en su vida diaria asisten a pacientes y familiares. Consideraciones finales: aunque no están suficientemente preparados, los profesionales de la salud necesitan estar juntos, orientar y asistir a los usuarios y familias que necesitan cuidados paliativos, por lo que deben ser conscientes de la importancia y los beneficios de estes Cuidados y estar adecuadamente equipados para brindar esta asistencia que valora sus principios.

Unveiling family relationships based on the context of domestic violence: a Grounded Theory.

OBJECTIVE: To understand the meanings attributed to family relationships by women who have experienced domestic violence. METHOD: Explanatory study using Symbolic Interactionism and Grounded Theory as references. Data were collected from March to November 2021, through online interviews with 23 women found on the social media application Facebook®. RESULTS: Data analysis allowed the construction of a theoretical model consisting of three processes: "We learned that it was normal to be mistreated": experiencing a context of violence in the family of origin; "I just wanted a family": experiencing partner violence and redefining family relationships in the context of violence. CONCLUSION: The meanings attributed to family relationships are elaborated and modified according to the interpretation, trajectory of confrontation, and interactions of women with other individuals and objects in the social web, over time. When experiencing domestic violence, women give new meaning to their feelings and begin to attribute new values, emotions, and empathy to family relationships, expanding their understanding of their weaknesses and potential.

Health care network for children with zika virus from the perspective of professionals.

OBJECTIVE: To know the perspective of health professionals working in specialized care regarding the assistance offered to children with Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome in the Health Care Network. METHOD: Qualitative study carried out in Campo Grande-MS through semi-structured interviews, between September and October 2020, with 12 professionals working in a reference service for people with physical and intellectual disabilities. Minayo's thematic analysis and the theoretical subsidies of the care model for chronic conditions were used for interpretation. RESULTS: Assistance in the network is weakened by aspects related to access, monitoring and integration between different professionals/services. The potential involves the implementation of the referral and counter-referral system, the communication/integration between these services and the training of professionals. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The participants perceive that assistance is influenced by the availability of trained professionals to work in a network and the optimization of access and follow-up at different points of care.

Vaccination coverage of triple viral and poliomyelitis in Brazil, 2011-2021: temporal trend and spatial dependency.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the coverage of MMR and polio vaccines, the temporal trend and spatial dependence, in children up to one year of age in Brazil, between 2011 and 2021. METHODS: Ecological study with secondary data on vaccination coverage rates, made available by the National Immunization Program Information System. Trend analysis was carried out using the joinpoint method, according to geographic regions, estimating the annual percentage change (APC) and its respective confidence interval (95%CI). Choropleth maps of distribution by health region were constructed and, subsequently, the spatial dependence was verified using Moran's statistics. RESULTS: Between 2011 and 2021, vaccination coverage declined in Brazil, both for MMR (APC: -6.4%; 95%CI -9.0; -3.8) and for poliomyelitis (APC: -4. 5%; 95%CI -5.5; -3.6). There was a decline in coverage of both vaccines in all geographic regions over the years of the study, except in the South and Midwest for the MMR vaccine. Since 2015, few health regions in the country have achieved adequate vaccination coverage (≥95.0% to <120.0%). The North and Northeast health regions showed low-low clusters in the univariate analysis for both immunobiological. CONCLUSIONS: It is urgent to consider studies like this one for the planning of more effective strategies for immunizing children, especially in areas with higher falls. In this way, barriers to access to immunization can be broken, given Brazil's heterogeneity, and access to reliable information that increases confidence in vaccine efficacy can be expanded.

Quality of health care in Primary Care: perspective of people with Diabetes Mellitus.

OBJECTIVES: to identify how people with diabetes assess the care offered by Primary Care teams. METHODS: a cross-sectional study based on structured interviews with the application of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness instrument to people with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Data were submitted to statistical analysis. RESULTS: 451 individuals participated in the study, more than half aged 60 years or older (64.0%); 63.9% had been diagnosed for more than five years; and 23.9% used insulin. The average score obtained was 2.5, which indicated little involvement in self-care and low support for the care of the chronic condition by the Family Health Strategy team, and was higher among women and people with a partner. CONCLUSIONS: people with diabetes consider that they do not receive individualized treatment, with dialogue and discussion for setting goals, and that they are not prepared for self-managing their health condition.

WhatsApp use in a health education group with women.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the use of Information and Communication Technologies and the interaction in a health education group with women on WhatsApp. METHODOLOGY: Descriptive-exploratory, qualitative research with mothers assisted in two Basic Health Units in Sinop - MT, part of a University Extension Project that used three health education strategies ("G-Day", "Health Tips", and "Educational Video") and project team members. Data were collected between October and December 2021 from messages in the WhatsApp group and submitted to Thematic Content Analysis. RESULTS: Two categories were identified, showing the information provided by the team and specific information requested by the mothers; the doubts expressed by the mothers mobilized the communication-interaction among the participants and little to no interaction was provoked by the health information contained in the educational strategies used. FINAL CONSIDERATION: WhatsApp proved to be an important resource/strategy in communication-interaction for health education with women.

Patient Safety in Palliative Care at the End of Life from the Perspective of Complex Thinking.

Actions for patient safety at the end of life must be aligned with the principles of palliative care, such as promoting comfort and quality of life. Faced with this complex process, health professionals need to seek the central relationships of the concepts of safety and palliative care to the end of life, in line with the wishes and expectations of the person and family members/caregivers, as well as with available resources and the capacity of services but, above all, reinforcing the importance of a non-reductionist care approach, which encompasses the various aspects inherent to humans. Hence, we present a new vision of patient safety in palliative care at the end of life based on the complex thinking of Edgar Morin, scientific evidence, and health policies in the global context. We discuss the deficiencies and disjunctions in thought and practice of palliative care at the end of life and patient safety, as well as the challenges for the conjunction of these complex themes, to finally present potential ways to apply complex thinking in the safe care of the patient at the end of life. The problematization of different aspects for the interposition of knowledge about patient safety in palliative care at the end of life portrays the existence of intersubjective connections and the multidimensionality that permeate the guidelines, actions and relationships that sustain the disciplines.

Mobile applications as a strategy to support parents in the care of newborns: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: To map and describe studies available in the literature about mobile applications to support parents in newborn care and data from applications accessible in online stores. METHOD: This is a scoping review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews guidelines. The searches were carried out in theses and dissertations databases and portals, in September 2021, and articles, theses, and dissertations were included. An independent search was performed in online stores of applications for operating systems Android and iOS, in October and December 2021, and applications with content to support parents of newborns were selected. RESULTS: A total of 5,238 studies and 757 applications were found, and of these, 16 and 150, respectively, composed the sample. The topics discussed in the studies were: care, breastfeeding, fever, identification of neonatal diseases, child growth and development. In the applications, the themes found were care, breastfeeding, growth, immunization, development, sleep, tips, and guidelines. CONCLUSION: Applications are important support tools for parents, as they are an innovative means and accessible to a large part of the population.