ABSTRACT
Prostatic cancer is one of the most frequent malignant tumours in men. The chronic course of the disease and the opportunity of selecting of one of many available treatment methods make possible adjustment of the management to the individual problems of the patient. This leads, however, to various difficulties connected with the selection of optimal management in various clinical situations. The purpose of the paper was presentation of selected problems in the diagnosis and treatment of prostatic cancer in the light of own clinical experience, in the first place.
Subject(s)
Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy , Humans , Male , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
CA-50 antigen is considered to be a generalized carcinoma-associated antigen. CA-50 serum levels were measured by solid phase radioimmunoassay using a specific monoclonal antibody. Sera of 49 patients with prostatic cancer of different clinical stages, 43 patients suffering from BPH, and 28 healthy males were tested. Positive test results were observed in 57.1% of patients with prostate cancer values ranging from 42.9% in stage A to 66.7% in stage D. Increased CA-50 levels were found in 11.6% of patients with BPH.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/analysis , Biomarkers, Tumor/blood , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Humans , Male , Prostatic Hyperplasia/diagnosis , RadioimmunoassayABSTRACT
Concurrent measurements of serum TPA and PAP concentrations by double antibody radioimmunoassays were done in 49 patients with prostatic cancer in different clinical stages. The reference group comprised patients suffering from BPH. Positive TPA was found in 32.7% of cancer patients, the lowest percentage in stage A (11.1%) and the highest in stage D (55.6%). The additional value as a diagnostic aid of the TPA test was revealed on the basis of examination of the selected group of patients with not increased PAP. Positive TPA was found in 16.7% of patients: none in stage A, 22.2% in stage B, and 33.3% in stage D. Prostatic cancer remains the most common malignancy of the genitourinary tract. The improvement in the results of treatment involves not only a modernization of treatment modalities but also the introduction of laboratory tests which give the most ample information on the stage of tumour development and improve possibilities to control tumour therapy. Besides the refinement of the determination procedures of specific prostatic markers, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), through radio- and enzyme-immunological methods, there is a search for additional markers which might be helpful in diagnosis and follow-up of treatment.
Subject(s)
Acid Phosphatase/blood , Antigens, Neoplasm/blood , Carcinoma/blood , Peptides/blood , Prostate/enzymology , Prostatic Neoplasms/blood , Aged , Carcinoma/classification , Carcinoma/diagnosis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Prostate/pathology , Prostate-Specific Antigen , Prostatic Neoplasms/classification , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosis , Tissue Polypeptide AntigenABSTRACT
Studies of the composition of prostatic tissue revealed significant decreases not only of the zinc but also of the potassium concentration, in the cancerous tissue, whereas the nitrogen, phosphorus and magnesium concentrations were within normal limits. The composition of hyperplastic prostatic tissue was similar to the normal except for a tendency towards decreased nitrogen concentration.
Subject(s)
Prostate/analysis , Prostatic Diseases/metabolism , Zinc/analysis , Adult , Aged , Humans , Magnesium/analysis , Male , Middle Aged , Nitrogen/analysis , Phosphorus/analysis , Potassium/analysis , Prostatic Diseases/diagnosis , Prostatic Neoplasms/diagnosisABSTRACT
Studies of serum protein patterns done in a group of 42 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (PBH) revealed the following: (1) prior to the operation significant hypalbuminaemia and increase of alpha 2-, beta- and gamma-globulins, IgG, IgA, IgM and CRP levels; (2) 12 days after operation a marked decrease of albumin concentration, increase of alpha 2-globulin and a sharp rise of CRP; (3) after 1 year a decrease of hypalbuminaemia and increase of alpha 2- and beta-globulins and CRP; in contrast to that, there was further increase of gamma-globulin concentration expressed also in the IgG, IgA and IgM levels.
Subject(s)
Blood Proteins/analysis , Prostatic Hyperplasia/blood , Aged , Alpha-Globulins/analysis , Beta-Globulins/analysis , Humans , Immunoglobulins/analysis , Male , Middle Aged , Prostatectomy , Serum Albumin/analysis , gamma-Globulins/analysisSubject(s)
Body Water/metabolism , Chlorides/metabolism , Goiter/surgery , Sodium/metabolism , HumansABSTRACT
Gross body composition studies done on a group of 11 women with cervical cancer before and after completion of radiotherapy revealed moderate compositional changes. There was after irradiation a tendency towards weight loss, connected with some increase of relative total body water content and also its extracellular fraction. The weight loss was due to a decrease of body fat and cell mass, whereas extracellular spaces tended to increase. There was a tendency towards a drop in plasma sodium concentration and an increase of its total content in extracellular water. A significant drop of the potassium serum concentration was observed.
