Etiologic Agents and Antifungal Susceptibility of Oral Candidosis from Romanian patients with HIV-infection or type 1 diabetes mellitus.

This is the first Romanian investigation of oral candidosis in patients suffering of HIV-infection or type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Candida albicans was the dominant species in both types of isolates: n = 14 (46.7%) in T1DM, n = 60 (69.8%) in HIV. The most frequent non-albicans Candida spp. were Candida kefyr (n = 6; 20%) in T1DM and Candida dubliniensis (n = 8; 9.3%) in HIV. Resistance to fluconazole was detected only in the HIV non-albicans Candida group (n = 8; 9.3%). All isolates were susceptible to VOR. The experimental drug MXP had MIC values equal or close to the ones of VOR. Echinocandin resistance was more frequent than azole resistance.

Antifungal susceptibility of 95 yeast strains isolated from oral mycoses in HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the susceptibility profile to many antifungal drugs of 95 yeast strains isolated from oral mycoses in HIV-negative and HIV-positive patients from the eastern region of Romania. The antifungal drugs tested against all strains were 5-flucytosine (5FC), amphotericin B (AMB), fluconazole (FCA) and itraconazole (ITR), using ATB fungus2 devices (bioMérieux, France). For strains isolated from HIV-positive patients, two new antifungals were tested--voriconazole (VOR) and caspofungine (CAS), using Etest strips. The significance of results (MIC values) has been evaluated according to EUCAST and CLSI recommendations. The percent of resistance varied as follow: 6.31% for 5FC, 0% for AMB, 10.52% for FCA, 20% for ITR, 0% for VOR and O% for CAS. We can observe that all strains isolated from HIV-positive patients are susceptible to VOR and CAS--new antifungal molecules recently marketed. Also, the percent of resistance to current azoles (especially ITR) is relatively high.