ABSTRACT
Background: Inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) injuries are a clinical problem with devastating consequences, causing temporary or permanent paresthesia, significantly affecting the patient's quality of life. Despite morbidity, side effects and controversy regarding its results, autologous nerve grafting is still the main treatment for these type of lesions. However, due to advances in knowledge about nerve damage and with the aim of preventing the described problems of autografts, new treatment alternatives based on decellularized allografts have emerged. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the reported efficacy of decellularized allografts for the treatment of IAN damage. Material and methods: We performed a systematic search in Pubmed, Scopus and Web of Science databases following the PRISMA guidelines. Cohort studies, randomized or non-randomized clinical studies, prospective or retrospective studies, without age limits and language restriction that included human subjects who received decellularized allograft as treatment for IAN damage were included. Results: Six articles met the inclusion criteria and were included for data analysis. In all 6 articles, resolution of IAN damage was observed in more than 85% of patients after a 12-month follow-up period, and in 2 of them, complete resolution was observed in 100% of their patients at longer follow-ups. Conclusions: Decellularized allograft appears to be a promising alternative to resolve IAN lesions, without requiring a nerve autograft procedure. However, more randomized clinical trials are needed to validate adequate treatment modalities with decellularized allografts. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Mandibular Nerve , Quality of Life , Retrospective Studies , Prospective Studies , AllograftsABSTRACT
Introduction: Malocclusions are a public health problem at national and global level, being third in the ranking of the most prevalent oral pathologies.Its origin is multifactorial, with dysfunctional oral habits being a risk factor. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of malocclusions and dysfunctional oral habits in students aged between 4 and 6 years in state-run public schools in Viña del Mar, Chile. Material and methods: A prevalence study was carried out in 184 students selected by random cluster sampling. Malocclusions were assessed by clinical examination, while dysfunctional oral habits were assessed by questionnaires and clinical examination. The data were analyzed using Fisher's exact test, Chi-square test and the PHI correlation coefficient. Results: The prevalence of malocclusions was 54.35% (95% CI [47.04% - 61.47%]), with dental crowding being the most frequent, while prevalence of dysfunctional oral habits was 95.11% (95% CI [90.82% - 97.45%]), led by lingual interposition. In none of the cases statistically significant differences of age, gender or class were noticed. The evidence provided by this study indicates that the presence of malocclusions is independent of the presence of dysfunctional oral habits, except between open bite and interposition of objects, whose magnitude of dependence was minor (0.2). Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of malocclusions and dysfunctional oral habits in preschool children, with dental crowding and lingual interposition being the most frequent, respectively. The presence of malocclusions is independent of the presence of dysfunctional oral habits.
Introducción: Las maloclusiones constituyen un problema de salud pública a nivel nacional y mundial, ocupando el tercer lugar en el ranking de patologías bucodentales más prevalentes. Su origen es multifactorial, siendo algunos de sus factores de riesgo los hábitos orales disfuncionales. El objetivo fue determinar la prevalencia de maloclusiones y hábitos orales disfuncionales en alumnos entre 4 y 6 años pertenecientes a establecimientos municipales de Viña del Mar. Material y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de prevalencia en 184 alumnos seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio por conglomerados. Las maloclusiones fueron evaluadas mediante examen clínico, mientras que los hábitos orales disfuncionales a través de cuestionarios y examen clínico. Los datos fueron analizados utilizando el test Chi2, prueba exacta de Fisher y el coeficiente de correlación Phi. Resultados: La prevalencia de maloclusiones fue de 54.35% (IC 95% [47,04% - 61,47%]), siendo el apiñamiento la más frecuente, mientras que la de hábitos orales disfuncionales fue de 95.11% (IC 95% [90,82% - 97,45%]), liderada por la interposición lingual. Para ambos casos no se observaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas con edad, género y curso. La evidencia aportada por este estudio señala que la presencia de maloclusiones es independiente de la presencia de hábitos orales disfuncionales, excepto entre mordida abierta e interposición de objetos, cuya magnitud de dependencia fue leve (0.2). Conclusión: Existe una alta prevalencia de maloclusiones y hábitos orales disfuncionales en pre-escolares, siendo los más frecuentes el apiñamiento y la interposición lingual, respectivamente. La presencia de maloclusiones es independiente de la presencia de hábitos orales disfuncionales.
