ABSTRACT
The objective of this research study was to evaluate the effect of age on the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of nutrients, gross energy and digestible energy of corn germ meal for broilers. Four digestibility trials were conducted using 280 broilers (Cobb 500) distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, repeated at four ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). The number of birds used in the tests was 10, 8, 6 and 4 birds per experimental unit at the different ages. The results were analyzed considering as dependent variable the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and gross energy, digestible dry matter, digestible crude protein, lipid and digestible energy; and ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days) as the independent variable. The results for the variables showed that bird age exerted influence only in the ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy. The digestible energy of corn germ meal increased by about 13 kcal kg-1 day-1 up to the evaluated age (40 days)
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research study was to evaluate the effect of age on the apparent ileal digestibility coefficient of nutrients, gross energy and digestible energy of corn germ meal for broilers. Four digestibility trials were conducted using 280 broilers (Cobb 500) distributed in a completely randomized design with two treatments and five replications, repeated at four ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days). The number of birds used in the tests was 10, 8, 6 and 4 birds per experimental unit at the different ages. The results were analyzed considering as dependent variable the apparent ileal digestibility of dry matter, crude protein, ether extract and gross energy, digestible dry matter, digestible crude protein, lipid and digestible energy; and ages (10, 20, 30 and 40 days) as the independent variable. The results for the variables showed that bird age exerted influence only in the ileal digestibility of dry matter and gross energy. The digestible energy of corn germ meal increased by about 13 kcal kg-1 day-1 up to the evaluated age (40 days)
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to economically analyze the effect of different levels of inclusion of tomatoes and guava residues on ration for laying hens. To it, 360 DekalbWhite hens with 30 weeks of age have been used. The birds have been distributed in a totally randomized design with nine treatments and five repetitions of eight birds per parcel. The treatments had: a reference ration and another eight rations with increasing levels of residues, being four of them with tomatoes residues(5, 10, 15 and 20%) and four with the guava residues (2, 4, 6 and 8%). The experimental period had 63 days, divided in three cycles of 21 days each. The parameters analyzed were: accumulated consumption (kg), egg production (units), ration cost (R$/kg), crude income (R$), feeding cost (R$), markup (R$) and profitability index (%). The levels 5, 10, 15 and 20% of tomato residues in ration, allowed an economy of R$26,00; 53,00; 79,00 and 106,00/ton of ration, respectively, in relation to the reference ration. With 5% inclusion of tomato residues in birds feeding, it has been observed: higher production, less consumption, less feeding cost, higher markup and profitability index. For guava residues the economy per ton of ration was only of R$1,00; 2,00; 4,00 and 5,00/ton for the levels of 2, 4, 6 and 8%, respectively. For the other variables it has not been observed any effect, in such a way
Analisou-se economicamente o efeito dos diferentes níveis de inclusão dos resíduos de tomate (RT) e goiaba (RG) na ração de galinhas poedeiras comerciais. Foram utilizadas 360 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem Dekalb White com 30 semanas de idades. As aves foram distribuídas de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com nove tratamentos e cinco repetições de oito aves. Os tratamentos foram uma ração referência e mais oito rações com níveis crescentes dos resíduos, quatro com RT (5, 10, 15, e 20%) e quatro com o RG (2, 4, 6, e 8%). O período experimental foi de 63 dias, divididos em três ciclos de 21 dias cada. Os parâmetros analisados foram: consumo acumulado (kg); produção de ovos (unidades); preço da ração (R$/kg); renda bruta (R$); custo com alimentação (R$); margem de lucro (R$); índice de lucratividade (%). Os níveis 5, 10, 15 e 20% de RT na ração proporcionaram uma economia de R$ 26,00; 53,00; 79,00 e 106,00/tonelada de ração, respectivamente, em relação à ração referência. Com a inclusão de 5% do RT na alimentação das aves, verificou-se maior produção, menor consumo, menor custo de alimentação, maior margem de lucro e índice de lucratividade. Para o RG, a economia por tonelada de ração foi de R$ 1,00; 2,00; 4,00 e 5,00/tonelada para os níveis de 2, 4, 6 e 8%, respectivamente. Para as demais variáveis, não se observou efeito e, dessa forma, a inclusão máxima
ABSTRACT
The objective of this research was to economically analyze the effect of different levels of inclusion of tomatoes and guava residues on ration for laying hens. To it, 360 DekalbWhite hens with 30 weeks of age have been used. The birds have been distributed in a totally randomized design with nine treatments and five repetitions of eight birds per parcel. The treatments had: a reference ration and another eight rations with increasing levels of residues, being four of them with tomatoes residues(5, 10, 15 and 20%) and four with the guava residues (2, 4, 6 and 8%). The experimental period had 63 days, divided in three cycles of 21 days each. The parameters analyzed were: accumulated consumption (kg), egg production (units), ration cost (R$/kg), crude income (R$), feeding cost (R$), markup (R$) and profitability index (%). The levels 5, 10, 15 and 20% of tomato residues in ration, allowed an economy of R$26,00; 53,00; 79,00 and 106,00/ton of ration, respectively, in relation to the reference ration. With 5% inclusion of tomato residues in birds feeding, it has been observed: higher production, less consumption, less feeding cost, higher markup and profitability index. For guava residues the economy per ton of ration was only of R$1,00; 2,00; 4,00 and 5,00/ton for the levels of 2, 4, 6 and 8%, respectively. For the other variables it has not been observed any effect, in such a way
Analisou-se economicamente o efeito dos diferentes níveis de inclusão dos resíduos de tomate (RT) e goiaba (RG) na ração de galinhas poedeiras comerciais. Foram utilizadas 360 poedeiras comerciais da linhagem Dekalb White com 30 semanas de idades. As aves foram distribuídas de acordo com um delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com nove tratamentos e cinco repetições de oito aves. Os tratamentos foram uma ração referência e mais oito rações com níveis crescentes dos resíduos, quatro com RT (5, 10, 15, e 20%) e quatro com o RG (2, 4, 6, e 8%). O período experimental foi de 63 dias, divididos em três ciclos de 21 dias cada. Os parâmetros analisados foram: consumo acumulado (kg); produção de ovos (unidades); preço da ração (R$/kg); renda bruta (R$); custo com alimentação (R$); margem de lucro (R$); índice de lucratividade (%). Os níveis 5, 10, 15 e 20% de RT na ração proporcionaram uma economia de R$ 26,00; 53,00; 79,00 e 106,00/tonelada de ração, respectivamente, em relação à ração referência. Com a inclusão de 5% do RT na alimentação das aves, verificou-se maior produção, menor consumo, menor custo de alimentação, maior margem de lucro e índice de lucratividade. Para o RG, a economia por tonelada de ração foi de R$ 1,00; 2,00; 4,00 e 5,00/tonelada para os níveis de 2, 4, 6 e 8%, respectivamente. Para as demais variáveis, não se observou efeito e, dessa forma, a inclusão máxima