[Prevalence of arterial hypertension in communities along the Madeira River, Western Brazilian Amazon]. / Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em comunidades ribeirinhas do Rio Madeira, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among adults (n = 841) in communities along the Madeira River in the Brazilian Amazon, prior to startup of the Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Plant. The study gathered information on sociodemographic conditions, history of diseases, habits, fish consumption, and anthropometric parameters. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and the respective confidence intervals. Among the riverine communities, 26% (95%CI: 23%-29%) of adults presented hypertension (29% in men [95%CI: 24%-33%] and 23% in women [95%CI: 19%-27%]). Factors associated with hypertension were age, BMI, and place of residence in men and age, triglycerides, and blood glucose in women. The findings can contribute to strategies for state and municipal health services to monitor and prevent cardiovascular events.

Prevalência de hipertensão arterial em comunidades ribeirinhas do Rio Madeira, Amazônia Ocidental Brasileira / Prevalence of arterial hypertension in communities along the Madeira River, Western Brazilian Amazon / La prevalencia de la hipertensión en las comunidades que bordean el río Madeira, occidente de la Amazonia brasileña

O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência de hipertensão em adultos residentes nas comunidades ribeirinhas do rio Madeira, previamente à operação da Usina Hidrelétrica Santo Antônio. Estudo transversal da prevalência de hipertensão arterial realizado com 841 adultos. Informações sobre condições sociodemográficas, morbidade referida, hábitos de vida, consumo de peixe e dados antropométricos foram avaliados. O método de regressão logística foi utilizado para estimar a odds ratio e seus respectivos intervalos de confiança. Entre os ribeirinhos, 26% (IC95%: 23%29%) dos adultos apresentaram hipertensão: 29% entre os homens (IC95%: 24%-33%) e 23% entre as mulheres (IC95%: 19%-27%). Nos homens, os fatores associados à hipertensão foram idade, IMC, glicemia e local de residência. Entre as mulheres, os fatores preditivos foram idade, triglicerídeos e glicemia. Os resultados deste estudo podem contribuir com a formulação de estratégias de monitoramento para prevenção de eventos cardiovasculares por parte dos órgãos de saúde estadual e municipal.

The aim of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of hypertension among adults (n = 841) in communities along the Madeira River in the Brazilian Amazon, prior to startup of the Santo Antônio Hydroelectric Plant. The study gathered information on sociodemographic conditions, history of diseases, habits, fish consumption, and anthropometric parameters. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios and the respective confidence intervals. Among the riverine communities, 26% (95%CI: 23%-29%) of adults presented hypertension (29% in men [95%CI: 24%-33%] and 23% in women [95%CI: 19%-27%]). Factors associated with hypertension were age, BMI, and place of residence in men and age, triglycerides, and blood glucose in women. The findings can contribute to strategies for state and municipal health services to monitor and prevent cardiovascular events.

Estimar la prevalencia de hipertensión entre los adultos que viven en las comunidades que bordean el río Madeira, antes de la puesta en marcha de la central hidroeléctrica de Santo Antônio. Estudio transversal sobre la prevalencia de la hipertensión llevado a cabo con 841 adultos. Se evaluó la información sobre las condiciones sociodemográficas, morbilidad, estilo de vida, consumo de pescado y los datos antropométricos. El método de regresión logística para estimar el odds ratio y sus intervalos de confianza. Entre los habitantes locales, el 26% (95%CI: 23-29%) de los adultos tenían hipertensión: 29% entre los hombres (95%CI: 24-33%) y el 23% en las mujeres (95%CI: 19-27% ). En los hombres, los factores asociados con la hipertensión fueron: edad, índice de masa corporal, glucosa en sangre, y el lugar de residencia. Entre las mujeres, los factores de riesgo son la edad, triglicéridos y glucosa. Los resultados de este estudio pueden contribuir al desarrollo de estrategias de supervisión para la prevención de eventos cardiovasculares por los órganos de salud.

Sediment-contact fish embryo toxicity assay with Danio rerio to assess particle-bound pollutants in the Tietê River Basin (São Paulo, Brazil).

The Tietê River and its tributary Pinheiros River receive a highly complex organic and inorganic pollutants load from sanitary sewage and industrial sources, as well as agricultural and agroindustrial activities. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the embryotoxic and teratogenic effects of sediments from selected locations in the Tietê River Basin by means of the sediment contact embryo toxicity assay with Danio rerio, in order to provide a comprehensive and realistic insight into the bioavailable hazard potential of these sediment samples. Lethal and sub-lethal effects were recorded, and high embryo toxicity could be found in the samples not only in the vicinity of the megacity São Paulo (Billings reservoir and Pinheiros River samples), but also downstream (in the reservoirs Barra Bonita, Promissão and Três Irmãos). Results confirm that most toxicity is due to the discharges of the metropolitan area of São Paulo. However, they also indicate additional sources of pollutants along the river course, probably from industrial, agricultural and agroindustrial residues, which contribute to the degradation of each area. The sediment contact fish embryo test showed to be powerful tool to detect embryo toxicity in sediments, not only by being a sensitive method, but also for taking into account bioavailability. This test provides an ecological highly realistic and relevant exposure scenario, and should therefore be added in ecotoxicological sediment quality assessments.