Sequestro e negligência como política de Estado: Experiências da segunda geração de atingidos pela hanseníase / Kidnapping and negligence as a State policy: Experiences of the second generation of those affected by hansen's disease

O presente artigo tem como objetivo analisar a experiência de familiares separados durante as políticas de isolamento compulsório das pessoas atingidas pela hanseníase no Brasil. Especificamente, busca-se refletir acerca dos trajetos e desafios enfrentados pelos filhos que foram separados dos pais isolados, além de lançar questões em torno das atuais políticas estatais de reparação daqueles sujeitos. Esse trabalho está baseado em dados etnográficos coletados ao longo dos últimos cinco anos junto a familiares e filhos, além de dialogar com fontes secundárias. Demonstramos a complexidade das experiências de separação, a forma como ela reverbera no presente e os desafios em face à burocracia do Estado quando o tema são as políticas reparatórias. Refletir sobre as experiências de separação compulsória da segunda geração de atingidos pela hanseníase pode lançar novas questões às atuais políticas estatais dirigidas a usuários de crack; ou seja, trata-se de um convite de aprendizado a partir das experiências do passado em busca de um futuro em que as políticas de Estado não violem os princípios básicos dos direitos humanos.(AU)

This paper aims to discuss the experience of families that were sundered apart by state policies of the mid-twentieth century that decreed the forced segregation of hansen's disease patients and the institutionalization of their children in Brazil. We will describe the challenges that the separated children have faced and we will reflect on the current state financial reparation sought for human rights violations of the first generation. This paper is based on five years of ethnographic fieldwork conducted with former interns, their separated children, and it engages with secondary sources. We show the complexities of the experiences of the separated children, their current struggles around these diverse experiences and the challenges they might face to facilitate claims to financial reparation from the Brazilian state. As we see, a reflection on the experiences of the second generation of people affected by the forced segregations may raise new questions about the current Brazilian state responses to substance abuse and its human rights violations. We argue that looking toward the future, we should learn from the past.(AU)

Project REENCONTRO: ethical aspects of genetic identification in families separated by the compulsory isolation of leprosy patients in Brazil.

In this paper, we discuss the experience of a team of geneticists, working in partnership with a Brazilian social movement aimed at promoting the rights of victims of Hansen's disease. These university researchers propose to use DNA test results to ascertain kinship connections and thereby reunite families that were sundered apart by draconian state policies of the mid-twentieth century that decreed the forced segregation of leprosy patients and the institutionalization of their children. The team's aim is to help revert stigma and reinforce positive group identity as well as to facilitate judicial claims to moral and financial reparation from the Brazilian state. We will discuss how, notwithstanding the voluntary nature of tests, mediated at all times through the social movement, the geneticists take care to follow clear ethical guidelines in the collection and stocking of DNA samples as well as in the devolution of test results. The subsequent inclusion of anthropologists in the team brings to the fore new ethical dilemmas ranging from procedures in field research to the possible consequences of research results.