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1.
Arq. Ciênc. Vet. Zool. UNIPAR (Online) ; 21(3): 99-105, jul-set. 2018. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-986954

ABSTRACT

Diversas patologias podem atingir os cães e afetar tanto a rotina do animal quanto a do seu dono. Fatores como raça, sexo e estação do ano podem intensificar o aparecimento de certas doenças. Este artigo teve como objetivo identificar a ocorrência das doenças registradas em cães atendidos em uma clínica veterinária no município de Poções ­ BA e verificar se fatores como raça, sexo e estação climática interferem no aparecimento de determinadas enfermidades. Para isso foram analisadas fichas de atendimentos durante os meses de outubro de 2016 a setembro de 2017. Dentre as doenças registradas as infecciosas, gastrointestinais e dermatológicas foram as mais frequentes. Com prevalência alta para erliquiose, verminose, cinomose, intoxicação alimentar, dermatite infecciosa e tumor venéreo transmissível (TVT). Foi verificado que os cães sem raça definida foram mais acometidos por erliquiose, enquanto os com raça definida por intoxicação alimentar seguida de erliquiose. Não existe predisposição sexual para as doenças: erliquiose, cinomose, intoxicação alimentar, TVT e verminose. Enquanto que a estação climática influenciou no aparecimento de doenças como doenças dermatológicas, erliquiose e TVT. Sugere-se realização de ações conscientizadoras para a população sobre medidas preventivas, principalmente para erliquiose e intoxicação alimentar a fim de diminuir o número de casos.(AU)


Several pathologies can affect dogs and affect both the routine of the animal and that of its owner. Factors such as breed, gender and season may intensify the onset of certain diseases. The objective of this study was to identify the occurrence of diseases recorded in dogs treated at a veterinary clinic in the city of Poções - BA and to verify if factors such as breed, gender and season interfere with the appearance of certain diseases. For that, the attendance records for the months of October 2016 to September 2017 were analyzed. Among the recorded diseases, infectious, gastrointestinal and dermatological diseases were the most frequent ones, with high prevalence for ehrlichiosis, worms, canine distemper, food poisoning, infectious dermatitis and transmissible venereal tumor (TVT). It could be observed that mongrel dogs were more affected by ehrlichiosis, while other dogs were mostly affected by food poisoning followed by ehrlichiosis. No gender predisposition for ehrlichiosis, distemper, food poisoning, TVT and worms could be observed. However, the season influenced the appearance of diseases such as dermatological diseases, ehrlichiosis and TVT. It is suggested that awareness-raising actions be carried out for the population regarding preventive measures, especially for ehrlichiosis and food poisoning, in order to reduce the number of cases.(AU)


Diversas patologías pueden afectar perros y provocar alteraciones en la rutina del animal y de su dueño. Factores como raza, sexo y estación del año pueden intensificar la aparición de algunas enfermedades. Ese artículo ha tenido como objetivo identificar la ocurrencia de enfermedades registradas en perros atendidos en una clínica veterinaria en el municipio de Poções ­ BA, así como verificar si factores como raza, sexo y estación climática interfieren en la aparición de determinadas enfermedades. Se ha analizado fichas de atendimientos durante los meses de octubre de 2016 a septiembre de 2017. Entre las enfermedades registradas están las más frecuentes como las infecciosas, gastrointestinales y dermatológicas. Con destaque para erliquiosis, verminosis, cinomosis, intoxicación alimentar, dermatitis infecciosa y tumor venéreo transmisible (TVT). Se verificó que los perros sin raza definida fueron los más acometidos por erliquiosis, mientras los con raza definida por intoxicación alimentar seguida de erliquiosis. No existe predisposición sexual para las enfermedades erliquiosis, cinomosis, intoxicación alimentar, TVT y verminosis. Sin embargo la estación climática influenció en la aparición de enfermedades dermatológicas, erliquiosis y TVT. Se sugiere realización de acciones concientizadas a la población sobre medidas preventivas, principalmente para erliquiosis e intoxicación alimentar a fin de disminuir el número de casos.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Dogs , Health Surveys , Ehrlichiosis
2.
Mycologia ; 108(5): 869-881, 2016 09.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27302047

ABSTRACT

Moniliophthora perniciosa is a basidiomycete fungus that causes witches' broom disease in Theobroma cacao We analyzed the morphology and survival of fungal hyphae and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) remodeling in either glucose- or glycerol-grown M. perniciosa after treatment with ER stress-inducing chemicals dithiothreitol (DTT) or tunicamycin (TM). Changes in intracellular redox potential can cause endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to diminished efficiency in protein folding that could in turn reduce cell survival. Such stress diminishes protein-folding efficiency that could in turn reduce cell survival. Light microscopy revealed morphological changes in hyphae after TM but not after DTT treatment, regardless of the media carbon source. Decrease in fungal survival, after both TM and DTT treatments, was dose-dependent and glycerol-grown cells showed a higher resistance to both chemicals compared to glucose-grown cells. Electron microscopy showed TM and DDT-induced ER stress in M. perniciosa as evidenced by structural alterations of the organelle. The volume of ER structures increased as a typical consequence of unfolded protein stress, and the number of autophagosomes was higher. In glycerol-grown fungus DTT treatment slightly induced expression of molecular chaperone BiP. The TM exposure-induced expression of gene MpIRE1, involved in signaling of the unfolded protein response, was higher in glycerol than glucose-grown cells. Such difference was not observable with expression of gene MpATG8, encoding a key protein in autosome formation, that was induced 1.4-fold and 1.2-fold in glucose or glycerol-grown cells, respectively. DHE-based fluorescence assay showed M. perniciosa oxidative stress induced by H2O2, and treated cells had a higher level of oxidative stress compared to control. A comprehensive study of remodeling of ER is important in understanding M. perniciosa fungus resistance to oxidative stress and its ability to implement a successful infection in T. cacao.


Subject(s)
Agaricales/cytology , Agaricales/physiology , Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress , Hyphae/cytology , Agaricales/drug effects , Cacao , Dithiothreitol/toxicity , Endoplasmic Reticulum/ultrastructure , Microbial Viability , Microscopy , Microscopy, Electron, Transmission , Tunicamycin/toxicity
3.
Revista Fitos Eletrônica ; 10(2): 155-162, 2016.
Article in Portuguese | MOSAICO - Integrative health | ID: biblio-880929

ABSTRACT

As plantas são usadas tradicionalmente por várias comunidades indígenas, com potencial medicinal, gerando conhecimento sobre seu uso. A etnobotânica é a ciência que visa resgatar esse conhecimento. Diante disso, este trabalho objetivou discutir dados de estudos etnobotânicos realizados no Brasil com comunidades indígenas, com enfoque em plantas medicinais. Foi realizada uma pesquisa bibliográfica, utilizando as ferramentas de busca PubMed, Portal de Periódicos Capes e Google Acadêmico. Trinta artigos foram selecionados seguindo critérios de inclusão. A região nordeste apresentou o maior número de estudos, em contraste com a região Norte do país, onde poucos trabalhos foram realizados. Foram contabilizados 1541 informantes indígenas, citando aproximadamente 2000 plantas, cujas principais formas de uso das plantas foram o chá e infusão. As doenças mais tratadas estão relacionadas com doenças do aparelho digestivo independente da região do Brasil. A Comunicação com os índios e acesso às aldeias foram algumas dificuldades citadas nos estudos indígenas realizados no Brasil. Diante disso, sugere-se que mais estudos etnobotânicos com comunidades indígenas sejam feitos para contribuir com: a manutenção e preservação do conhecimento indígena; conhecer a biodiversidade das plantas usadas; bem como intensificar a pesquisa de produtos de origem natural com aplicação medicinal.(AU)


Medicinal plants are traditionally used by various indigenous communities, with medicinal potential, generating knowledge about their use. Ethnobotany is the science that seeks to rescue this knowledge. Thus, this study aimed at discussing the data from ethnobotanical studies done in Brazil on indigenous communities. The bibliographic search was performed using search tools such as PubMed, Capes and Google Scholar. Thirty articles were selected according to the inclusion criteria. The Northeast had the highest number of studies, in contrast to the north of the country, where few studies have been conducted. There were observed 1541 indigenous informants, citing about 2000 plants, from which the main ways of use them were the tea and infusion form. The most treated diseases were related to dysfunctions of the digestive tract, independently of the studied region. The communication with the Indians and the inaccessibility to their villages have been some difficulties cited in indigenous studies from Brazil. Therefore, it is suggested that more ethnobotanical studies, regarding indigenous communities, are made to contribute with the maintenance and preservation of indigenous knowledge; to know the biodiversity of plants used; and to intensify research on natural products with medicinal application.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Plants, Medicinal , Indians, South American/ethnology , Ethnobotany/organization & administration , Brazil/ethnology , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice/ethnology , Medicine, Traditional
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