ABSTRACT
The space diets used in flight of five permanent Salyut-6 crews were instrumental in assuring their adequate nutritional status and work capacity required to fulfill flight programs. Some of them complained that sterile canned foods became distasteful; due to this, a space diet consisting of 65% freeze-dried foodstuffs was developed and tested.
Subject(s)
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Space Flight , Body Weight , Diet , Feeding Behavior/physiology , Humans , Male , USSRABSTRACT
The paper describes the use of advanced space diets of three prime crews who made 96-, 140- and 175-day flights aboard Salyut-6. It is concluded that the diets facilitated maintenance of a good nutrient status, high work capacity and normal health condition.
Subject(s)
Nutritional Physiological Phenomena , Space Flight , Body Weight , Energy Intake , Energy Metabolism , Humans , Male , Menu Planning , Time Factors , USSRABSTRACT
The effects of diets prepared for prolonged space flights and stress exposures on peripheral blood of 42 healthy male test subjects was studied. The morphology of peripheral blood remained essentially unaltered, when test subjects were given dehydrated diets (freshly prepared, stored for 2 years and exposed to proton irradiation of a dose of 24,000 rad) or Salyut-6 space diet. Stress effects brought about neutrophil leukocytosis and lymphopenia which could be prevented with dietary supplements.
Subject(s)
Blood Cell Count , Diet , Space Flight , Stress, Psychological/blood , Adult , Blood Sedimentation , Food Irradiation , Hemoglobins/analysis , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Models, Psychological , Protons , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The paper discusses the results of five studies on 35 test subjects conducted to test diets of dehydrated products to be used in prolonged space flights. The studies have demonstrated that a diet consisting of only dehydrated food products can be used for a prolonged time (up to 1 year). Dehydrated foods after a 2-year storage and proton irradiation at a dose of 24,000 rad retain their biological value and assure an adequate nutritional status. On this basis a space diet composed of dehydrated foods has been developed.
Subject(s)
Diet , Food, Formulated , Space Flight , Adult , Amino Acids/analysis , Blood Proteins/analysis , Food Preservation/methods , Food, Formulated/analysis , Food, Formulated/radiation effects , Gamma Rays , Gastric Juice/analysis , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Middle Aged , Protons , Time FactorsABSTRACT
Simulated stress conditions (rise to a simulated altitude of 8000 m, anticipation of an exposure to acceleration, mental work to be done under the conditions of time deficiency, "success" or "failure") brought about changes in the protein, carbohydrate, vitamin metabolism, heart rate, adrenal function, and peripheral blood. Nutrient ingredients (vitamins, glucose, minerals, phosphatid concentrate) added to the diet before and during stressful exposures were shown to correct the parameters studied.
Subject(s)
Glucose/administration & dosage , Minerals/administration & dosage , Space Flight , Stress, Psychological/diet therapy , Vitamins/administration & dosage , 17-Hydroxycorticosteroids/urine , Adult , Amino Acids/analysis , Ascorbic Acid/urine , Blood Proteins/analysis , Humans , Lipids/blood , Male , Nitrogen/urine , Stress, Psychological/metabolism , Stress, Psychological/prevention & controlABSTRACT
Protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism of men was investigated during their prolonged exposure to a closed atmosphere containing carbon monoxide at a concentration of 20-10 mg/m3. A 30-day exposure of test subjects to carbon monoxide at a concentration of 20-15 mg/m3 caused an increase of albumin, beta-globulins, total lipids, cholesterol, beta-lipoproteins in the serum and a decrease of the sugar concentration in the blood. A 90-day exposure of test subjects to carbon monoxide at a concentration of 10 mg/m3 did not bring about significant changes in the above parameters. The provocative test for glucose tolerance showed no changes in the glycaemic regulation.
