ABSTRACT
The aim of the study was to detect anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of seven Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (GLB) strains by four cell-free supernatant (CFS) types. Activity of non-neutralized and non-heat-treated (CFSs1), non-neutralized and heat-treated (CFSs2), pH neutralized, catalase-treated and non-heat-treated (CFSs3), or neutralized, catalase- and heat-treated (CFSs4) CFSs against 18 H. pylori strains (11 of which with antibiotic resistance) was evaluated. All GLB strains produced bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLISs), the neutralized CFSs of two GLB strains inhibited >81% of test strains and those of four GLB strains were active against >71% of antibiotic resistant strains. Two H. pylori strains were BLIS resistant. The heating did not reduce the CFS activity. Briefly, all GLB strains evaluated produced heat-stable BLISs, although GLB and H. pylori strain susceptibility patterns exhibited differences. Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance activity can be an advantage for the probiotic choice for H. pylori infection control. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: In this study, anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of seven Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus (GLB) strains was evaluated by four cell-free supernatant (CFS) types. The GLB strains produced heat-stable bacteriocin-like inhibitory substances (BLISs) with a strong anti-H. pylori activity and some neutralized, catalase- and heat-treated CFSs inhibited >83% of the test strains. Bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance production of GLB strains can render them valuable probiotics in the control of H. pylori infection.
Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacteriocins/pharmacology , Helicobacter pylori/drug effects , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/metabolism , Probiotics/pharmacology , Bacteriocins/metabolism , Catalase/metabolism , Gastroenteritis/microbiology , Gastroenteritis/therapy , Helicobacter Infections , Helicobacter pylori/isolation & purification , Humans , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/classification , Lactobacillus delbrueckii/genetics , Microbial Sensitivity TestsSubject(s)
Acinetobacter baumannii/enzymology , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolation & purification , Cross Infection/microbiology , Methyltransferases/biosynthesis , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/metabolism , Acinetobacter Infections/microbiology , Acinetobacter baumannii/metabolism , Bulgaria , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Humans , Methyltransferases/metabolismABSTRACT
We describe a nosocomial outbreak of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Serratia marcescens in a Bulgarian university hospital affecting nine patients on four wards. Phenotypic and genotypic (plasmid profile, randomly amplified polymorphic DNA analysis and amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis) analysis of the isolates indicated a single clone. The epidemic strain was resistant to oxyimino beta-lactams, aztreonam, aminoglycosides, tetracycline and chloramphenicol. It produced CTX-M-3 ESBL as demonstrated by isoelectric focusing, CTX-M PCR-RFLP and gene sequencing. The isolate was also found in the environment and from a nurse's hands, suggesting transmission by staff handling. The outbreak was controlled by patient isolation and intensified hand washing. This is the first report from Bulgaria describing a hospital outbreak caused by CTX-M-3 ESBL-producing S. marcescens.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Disease Outbreaks , Serratia Infections/epidemiology , Serratia Infections/microbiology , Serratia marcescens/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/isolation & purification , Adult , Aged , Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology , Bacterial Typing Techniques , Bulgaria/epidemiology , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Environmental Microbiology , Genotype , Hand/microbiology , Hand Disinfection , Hospitals , Humans , Infectious Disease Transmission, Professional-to-Patient , Isoelectric Focusing , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Middle Aged , Nurses , Patient Isolation , Plasmids , Serratia Infections/classification , Serratia marcescens/isolation & purification , beta-Lactamases/chemistrySubject(s)
Klebsiella Infections/epidemiology , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/genetics , beta-Lactamases/genetics , Bulgaria/epidemiology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic , Humans , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Phenotype , PlasmidsSubject(s)
Salmonella Infections/drug therapy , Salmonella enterica/isolation & purification , Salmonella enterica/pathogenicity , Bulgaria , Drug Resistance, Multiple , Gene Expression Profiling , Humans , Infant , Male , Salmonella enterica/drug effects , Salmonella enterica/genetics , beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis , beta-Lactamases/geneticsABSTRACT
During a survey of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in Bulgaria in 2001-2002, three isolates from Sofia (two Escherichia coli, one Klebsiella pneumoniae) showed cefotaxime MICs that were decreased in the presence of clavulanate and were 2-8-fold higher than those of ceftazidime. Resistance was transferred to a sensitive recipient strain of E. coli. Both wild-type and transconjugant strains produced a cefotaxime-hydrolysing beta-lactamase of pI 8.8. Sequencing of the PCR product obtained with oligonucleotide primers binding outside the coding region identified this beta-lactamase as CTX-M-15. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CTX-M-15 in Bulgaria.
