ABSTRACT
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar as percepções das pessoas idosas sobre as características que contribuíram para as conexões sociais em um programa de exercícios físicos sistematizados. Para isso, utilizou-se da abordagem qualitativa e foram entrevistados 18 participantes após um programa de 16 semanas de treino. Foi realizada uma entrevista presencial, a partir de um roteiro com questões semiestruturadas. Os dados foram analisados pelo método de Análise Temática. Foram identificados quatro temas gerais: a) motivação extrínseca, b) características do grupo, c) características pessoais, e d)características profissionais. Além disso, foram identificados alguns atributos, como ter pessoas conhecidas nos programas, estar em grupo de participantes com idades próximas, estar aberto ao diálogo e ter profissionais com características socioafetivas como comunicação, empatia, entre outros, que podem influenciar na percepção de conexões sociais durante o exercício físico, potencializando seus benefícios e contribuindo para uma vida mais ativa.
Abstract The aim of this study was to verify the older people's perceptions about the characteristics that contributed to the social connections in a systematic physical exercises program. For this, a qualitative method was used, and 18 participants were interviewed after a 16-week training program. A face-to-face interview was carried out, based on a script with semi-structured questions. The data was analyzed using the Thematic Analysis method. Four general themes were identified: a) extrinsic motivation, b) group characteristics, c) personal characteristics, and d) professional characteristics. Furthermore, some attributes were identified, such as identify familiar people in the programs, belong in a group of participants with similar age, be open to dialogue and have professionals with socio-affective characteristics such as communication, empathy, among others, which can influence the perception of social connections during physical exercise, enhancing its benefits and contributing to a physically active life.
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar las percepciones de las personas mayores sobre las características que contribuyen a las conexiones sociales en un programa sistematizado de ejercicio físico. Para eso, se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo y se entrevistó a 18 participantes después de un programa de entrenamiento físico de 16 semanas. Se realizó una entrevista cara a cara, basada en un guion con preguntas semiestructuradas. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el método de Análisis Temático. Se identificaron cuatro temas generales: a) motivación extrínseca, b) características grupales, c) características personales y d) características profesionales. Además, se identificaron algunos atributos como tener personas conocidas en los programas, estar en un grupo de participantes de edades cercanas, estar abiertos al diálogo y contar con profesionales con características socioafectivas como comunicación, empatía, entre otras, que pueden influyen en la percepción de las conexiones sociales durante el ejercicio físico, potenciando sus beneficios y contribuyendo a una vida más activa.
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant alterations to and implications for the lives of millions of people, and especially for those with pre-existing medical conditions. The aim of this study was to explore the lived experience of older people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) throughout the first 9 months of the pandemic, with emphasis on the habits of physical exercise. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews. The data consist of telephone interviews of seventeen older people with T2DM (10 women and 7 men, aged 62-76 years). Using thematic analysis, five themes were generated: (1) an altered social and relational life; (2) changes in routine and attitude regarding physical activity behaviour; (3) home-related activities gained relevance; (4) health and well-being impact and management; and (5) thoughts about the post-pandemic period. The increase in the number of cases and the fear of becoming infected with COVID-19 limited the social (i.e., contact with family and/or friends) and functional (i.e., daily routine, the habit of exercising) lives of these people, reverberating negatively on their health and well-being. Feelings of isolation, loneliness, anxiety were common. The findings of this study help to better understand the impact of the pandemic and determine areas of need for future interventions. A multidisciplinary approach is necessary to provide support for older people with T2DM and tackle the negative effect of the pandemic, including the reduction in physical activity.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Aged , COVID-19/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/therapy , Exercise , Female , Humans , Male , Pandemics , Qualitative Research , SARS-CoV-2ABSTRACT
This study evaluated the impact of a multicomponent exercise program on cognitive functions in participants with Type 2 Diabetes. Participants (n = 70, 65.6 ± 5.9 years) engaged in the program (75 min per session; 3 x week) for 32 weeks. A battery of cognitive tests was performed at baseline and study completion. Two groups were formed according to their attendance rate (low and high attendance), and statistical comparisons were computed on their changes in cognitive performance. Such changes were also associated with the attendance rate for all participants. Results showed no significant differences between groups in their change scores, although there were some within-group differences in both groups. Correlation analysis showed that the attendance rate was not associated with cognitive performance changes, except for one variable. As the exercise program did not improve cognitive function, we discuss the potential of future interventions to incorporate dual-task activities merging physical and cognitive stimulation.
Subject(s)
Cognition/physiology , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications , Exercise Therapy , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
Resumo Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as barreiras para a prática de atividade física em pessoas com deficiência visual. Foi aplicado um questionário específico por telefone a 114 pessoas (moradores do Distrito Federal-Brasil) com deficiência visual pouco ativas. Destacam-se várias barreiras, como problemas com as calçadas, falta de instalações/espaços apropriados, falta de políticas de apoio das entidades públicas, necessidade de guia, falta de oferta de atividades por instituições especializadas e falta de condições de segurança das instalações físicas para evitar acidentes. Devem ser implantadas medidas apropriadas que ajudem a remover ou diminuir o impacto das principais barreiras apontadas pelos participantes, de modo a promover a saúde e o bem-estar dessa população.
Abstract The present study examined the barriers to physical activity participation in people with visual impairments. One hundred and fourteen subjects (residents of Brasília-Federal District) with visual impairment and low levels of physical activity answered a questionnaire over the phone. There are several relevant barriers to physical activity, including sidewalk problems, lack of appropriate spaces, no support from public entities, need of a guide, lack of opportunities for activities from specialized institutions, and no safety precautions at facilities to prevent accidents. It must be implemented appropriate measures to help eliminate or reduce the impact of the main barriers pointed out by the subjects so that health and the well-being of this population can be promoted.
Resumen Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las barreras para la práctica de la actividad física en personas con deficiencia visual. Se aplicó un cuestionario especifico por teléfono a 114 personas (que viven en el Distrito Federal de Brasil) con deficiencia visual y poco activas. Se destacan varias barreras, como problemas con los pavimentos de las aceras, falta de instalaciones/espacios apropiados, falta de políticas de apoyo de las entidades públicas, necesidad de guía, falta de oferta de actividades por parte de las instituciones especializadas y falta de condiciones de seguridad de las instalaciones físicas para evitar accidentes. Deben ser implementadas medidas apropiadas que ayuden a eliminar o disminuir el impacto de las principales barreras apuntadas por los participantes de manera que se promueva la salud y el bienestar de esta población.
