[Endometriosis of the efferent urinary pathways]. / Endometriose der harnableitenden Wege.

Two cases of ureteral endometriosis and 1 case of vesical endometriosis are reported and a short review of the literature is presented. The diagnostic problems, despite modern image procedures, and therapeutic modalities are discussed.

A new conception concerning the angioarchitectural organization of the canine kidney.

The sublobular artery arises from the arcuate artery, as a constant vessel possessing its proper personality, giving 2 equal subdivisions, from which part the interlobular arteries. The sublobular arteries are characterized by a particular origin and branching type, having no or sporadically disposed glomeruli. Occasionally, arteriae interlobulares derive directly from the arcuate artery too. The authors suggest the acception of term "Arteria sublobularis " in the international nomenclature of the renal vessels. According our opinion the canine kidney is composed of a number of conical units, containing in their axis a sublobular artery of 2nd order. Certain theoretical and practical aspects of this new conception are briefly discussed.

Some aspects concerning the peculiarities of the pterygoid venous plexus in man related to age.

The pterygoid venous plexus (pt.v.pl.) was studied in 54 human heads (adults, children, fetuses) halved in the middle sagital plan, using microdissections and injections with PVC, coloured gelatin and roentgenopaque masses. In adults, the pt.v.pl. was closely related to the external pterygoid muscle. The superficial variant (more frequent) maintained connections with the facial vein through a venous network named by us "plexus pterygo-temporo-buccalis". The deep variant (less frequent) could be included in the system of venous plexuses placed at the basis cranii. Its tributaries, accompanying the lingual nerve, established connections with the veins of the sublingual compartment (a fact not yet mentioned in the literature). In children and old humans the pt.v.pl. was formed only by some large veins giving a radiate structure ("starfish-shaped" plexus) corresponding to the first and second portion of the maxillary artery. These results revealed that the pt.v.pl. is a unique formation which could be more developed laterally or medially in comparison with the external pterygoid muscle, in relation with the superficial or deep position of the maxillary artery. The practical importance of the pt.v.pl. is emphasized.

Contributions to the morphology of the human coronary sinus.

The configuration and morphological features of the coronary sinus (c.s.) were studied on 54 human adult hearts. The c.s. has on an average 36 mm in length and 9 mm in diameter. The most frequent is the cylindrical configuration (67%), then follows the so-called "wafer" form (19%) and the funnel shaped c.s. (13%). The valve of Vieussens was present in 78%, but well developed only in 6% of the cases. The classical opening of the middle and small cardiac veins into c.s. was remarked in 28%; for the rest the particular forms described in this work make themselves obvious. The large tributaries of c.s. are provided with ostial valves in a percentage of 41%. The form and dimensions of the Thebesius valve are very variable; it is absent in 9% of the cases. The Marshall's vein appears as an obturated cord in a proportion of 20%. In each case there was found on the surface of the c.s. a myocardial coat, consisting of two layers, which form a device having probably a constrictive function during the atrial systole.

Arguments justifying the acception of the notion "sublobular artery" in the nomenclature of renal vessels: the "conical" architectonics of the renal cortex.

The corrosion technique was used to demonstrate the presence of the "sublobular artery", a constant vessel with a special profile of the dog kidney, generating after two divisions the so-called interlobular arteries as a third generation of branches. More rarely arteriae interlobulares emerge also directly from the arcuate artery. The sublobular arteries (= parent vessels of the interlobular arteries) are characterized by their particular origin, branching type, and by having no or sporadically disposed glomeruli. For this reason, the authors suggest the acception of the term "arteria sublobularis" in the international nomenclature of renal vessels. According to authors' opinion the dog kidney is composed of a number of conical vascular-parenchymatous units, each containing in their axis a sublobular artery of the second order ("conical" architectonics of the renal cortex).

[Experimental model for reproduction of monoradicular compression by disk hernias]. / Model experimental pentru reproducerea copmpresiei monoradiculare prin hernie de disc.

Monoradicular compression was achieved with an original technique. As a compressive factor the authors made use of a device that can be easily removed by a simple monoeuver. From the clinical and functional aspects the nervous suffering induced in 11 dogs was similar to that encountered in men with intervertebral disc hernia. From the histological viewpoint, irritative phenomena were noted over the entire area of distribution of the compressed spinal nerve. Degenerative aspects were also observed in the thick myelin fibres. Similar lesions developed on the opposite side, in the neighbouring medullary segments. Ten months after the suppression of the compression minor degenerative lesions were noted in the nervous elements on both sides, as well as a large number of regenerated fibres suggesting an aspect of neurinoma. The electromyographic aspects were in support of the histologic data. These results can be extrapolated in the human pathology.

Angioarchitectonics, an argument for ascribing the attribute of "organ" to the yellow bone marrow.

Based upon literature data, the authors set up a theory asserting that the yellow bone marrow has the character of an "organ", as revealed by a series of structural and reactive features of its angioarchitectonics. The diaphyseal bone marrow has a well-defined anatomic hilus; at the place where the nutritive artery penetrates into the marrow, a sphincteric apparatus may be observed; the main arteries follow a spiral path closely related to the central venous sinus, they divide dichotomically and put forth on their way special vascular apparatuses which seem to regulate the intramedullary circulatory output. The terminal arterial ramifications form a segmental structure, while the blood is drained by the central venous sinus corresponding to the hilar veins of the solid organs. The vascular network of the bone marrow has a remarkable potential for regeneration, being capable of full reproduction after mechanical destruction.

[Surgical anatomy of the vagus nerve]. / Anatomia chirurgicala a nervului vag.

In the paper are reviewed the data from the literature and the personal observations of the authors which indicate that the vagus nerve trunks have a mixed fiber structure, different from that indicated by the classical descriptions of the vagus nerves. A series of details are presented, concerning the radius of distribution of vagal emanations in the sub-diaphragmatic territory. Special stress is laid on the innervation of the surgical aspects are mentioned, and of pathological physiology, with theoretical implications, as well of practical importance for troncular vagotomy.