Physical activity is associated with low-level stress among a sample of seniors during COVID-19 outbreak? / Atividade física está associada com baixos níveis de estresse em uma amostra de idosos durante a pandemia de COVID-19?

This study aimed to verify the association of physical activity, behaviors, and health conditions with stress among a sample of older adults from Manaus, Brazil, during the COVID-19 outbreak. This is a cross-sectional analysis of 79 older adults (76% female; age: 68.24 ± 6.82 years) from Fundação Universidade Aberta da Terceira Idade (FUnATI). The perceived stress (PS) was assessed by the Per-ceived Stress Scale, while a questionnaire via telephone call. The variables also included physical ac-tivity, sleep quality, sociodemographic, and health condition variables. Linear Bayesian mixed-effects regression models were applied to verify the association between these correlates with PS. Older people who met the recommendations before the COVID-19 outbreak but did not meet the same recommendations during the COVID-19 outbreak have a higher PS score compared to those older people who did not meet the PA recommendations at either time. In contrast, those elderly people who met PA recommendations before and during the COVID-19 outbreak had a lower PS score compared to their peers who did not meet physical activity recommendations at either time. Those older people who did not meet the PA recommendations before the COVID-19 outbreak, but did meet the PA recommendations during the COVID-19 outbreak, did not have significant differences in the PS score compared to their peers who did not meet the PA recommendations in either mo-ment. Sleep changes and high BMI were negatively associated with PS. The maintenance of physical activity during the pandemic was associated with lower levels of stress in older people

Este estudo teve como objetivo verificar a associação de atividade física, comportamentos e condições de saúde associadas ao estresse em uma mostra de idosos de Manaus, Brasil, durante o surto COVID-19. Trata-se de uma análise transversal (n = 79 idosos; 76% mulheres; idade: 68,24 ± 6,82 anos) da Fundação Universi-dade Aberta da Terceira Idade (FUnATI). O estresse percebido (EP) foi avaliado utilizando a Escala de Estresse Percebido, aplicado via ligação telefônica. O questionário também incluiu atividade física, quali-dade do sono, variáveis sociodemográficas e de condição de saúde. Modelos de regressão linear Bayesiana de efeitos mistos foram aplicados para verificar a associação entre esses correlatos com EP. Idosos que atendiam às recomendações de AF antes do surto de COVID-19 mas não mantiveram a prática durante o surto apre-sentaram pontuação de EP mais alta em comparação com os idosos que não atendiam às recomendações em nenhum dos momentos. Em contraste, os idosos que mantiveram os níveis de AF tiveram uma pontuação de EP mais baixa. Idosos que não atenderam às recomendações de AF antes do surto de COVID-19, mas atenderam às recomendações de PA durante o surto de COVID-19 não tiveram diferenças significativas na pontuação de EP. Mudanças no sono e alto IMC foram associados negativamente com o EP. A manutenção da atividade física durante a pandemia foi associada a níveis mais baixos de estresse em pessoas mais velhas

Feedback Challenges in the Formative Assessment of the Interinstitutional Program of Teaching-Service-Community Interaction: the Students Perspective / Desafios do Feedback na Avaliação Formativa, no Programa Interinstitucional de Interação Ensino-Serviço-Comunidade: Perspectiva de Alunos

Abstract: Introduction: This present study assesses the use of the feedback mechanism in the formative assessment during medical training, considering this instrument is of great importance for this training stimulation, which is based on active teaching methodologies. The study aims to characterize the application of this tool and to identify possible failures in its application in the daily routine of the PINESC module in the Anhanguera University (Uniderp) medical course. Method: This is a quantitative, sectional research, including students from the first to the eighth semesters of the medical course, attending the PINESC longitudinal module. In the data collection, a questionnaire was used with questions related to the formative assessment performed by the preceptors, which is reported to the students according to the sample calculation. The feedback is the core activity of the formative assessment and allows the development of reflective and self-evaluation capacities and the development of skills. However, the use of feedback still faces barriers, mainly due to the difficulty of the evaluators in listing negative points and capabilities of the evaluated individuals. Result: In this study, some shortcomings and positive points were reported regarding the application process of this tool, listing and suggesting improvements for a better use of feedback and thus a more favorable academic achievement. Conclusion: In conclusion, as the basis of formative evaluation, the feedback still shows many weaknesses regarding its form and application.

Resumo: Introdução: Este trabalho aborda a utilização do mecanismo de feedback na avaliação formativa durante a formação médica, visto que esse instrumento é de grande importância para o estímulo dessa formação que se pauta pelas metodologias ativas de ensino. O estudo tem como objetivos caracterizar a aplicação dessa ferramenta e identificar possíveis falhas na utilização dela no cotidiano do módulo Pinesc, no curso de Medicina da Universidade Anhanguera (Uniderp). Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa quantitativa e seccional que abrange alunos do primeiro ao oitavo semestre inseridos no módulo longitudinal Pinesc. Na coleta dos dados, utilizou-se um questionário com perguntas relativas à avaliação formativa que é realizada pelos preceptores, o qual é repassado aos acadêmicos de acordo com o cálculo de amostragem. O feedback é a atividade central da avaliação formativa e possibilita o desenvolvimento da capacidade reflexiva e autoavaliativa e de habilidades. Contudo, a utilização do feedback ainda encontra obstáculos principalmente pela dificuldade de os avaliadores elencarem os pontos negativos e as facilidades dos avaliados. Resultado: Neste estudo, foram relatadas algumas falhas e pontos positivos no processo de aplicação desse instrumento. Por conta disso, elencam-se e sugerem-se aperfeiçoamentos para uma melhor utilização do feedback e um aproveitamento acadêmico mais favorável. Conclusão: Como base da avaliação formativa, o feedback ainda demonstra possuir muitas fragilidades quanto à sua forma e aplicação.

Understanding Monitoring Technologies for Adults With Pain: Systematic Literature Review.

BACKGROUND: Monitoring of patients may decrease treatment costs and improve quality of care. Pain is the most common health problem that people seek help for in hospitals. Therefore, monitoring patients with pain may have significant impact in improving treatment. Several studies have studied factors affecting pain; however, no previous study has reviewed the contextual information that a monitoring system may capture to characterize a patient's situation. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review to (1) determine what types of technologies have been used to monitor adults with pain, and (2) construct a model of the context information that may be used to implement apps and devices aimed at monitoring adults with pain. METHODS: A literature search (2005-2015) was conducted in electronic databases pertaining to medical and computer science literature (PubMed, Science Direct, ACM Digital Library, and IEEE Xplore) using a defined search string. Article selection was done through a process of removing duplicates, analyzing title and abstract, and then reviewing the full text of the article. RESULTS: In the final analysis, 87 articles were included and 53 of them (61%) used technologies to collect contextual information. A total of 49 types of context information were found and a five-dimension (activity, identity, wellness, environment, physiological) model of context information to monitor adults with pain was proposed, expanding on a previous model. Most technological interfaces for pain monitoring were wearable, possibly because they can be used in more realistic contexts. Few studies focused on older adults, creating a relevant avenue of research on how to create devices for users that may have impaired cognitive skills or low digital literacy. CONCLUSIONS: The design of monitoring devices and interfaces for adults with pain must deal with the challenge of selecting relevant contextual information to understand the user's situation, and not overburdening or inconveniencing users with information requests. A model of contextual information may be used by researchers to choose possible contextual information that may be monitored during studies on adults with pain.

The practice of disinfection of high-speed handpieces with 70% w/v alcohol: An evaluation.

A high-speed handpiece is used in several dental procedures and the official recommendation for safe decontamination consists of rinsing with water, washing with detergent, mechanical friction, and sterilization; however, many professionals only apply 70% w/v alcohol without also cleaning the tool between patients. We performed an analysis of high-speed handpieces reprocessed only with 70% w/v alcohol and found that the methods used in clinical practice are not safe.

Monsplasty for women after massive weight loss.

BACKGROUND: Ptosis with excess skin in the pubic area is a very common deformity in patients after massive weight loss. This deformity requires adequate surgical treatment whether combined with abdominoplasty or not. The enlarged pubogenital area may lead to psychosocial distress and impaired quality of life. METHODS: A series of 23 women with a mean age of 39.5 years who previously underwent bariatric surgeries and later presented with pubogenital ptosis underwent monsplasty. The preoperative surgical markings and the surgical technique presented are easily reproducible. In this prospective study, the surgical outcomes were assessed by questionnaires applied to the patients, who scored the following parameters: movement dynamics, aesthetic appearance, sexual performance, improved hygiene, and use of clothing items. RESULTS: Four of the parameters assessed (movement dynamics, aesthetic appearance, hygiene, and use of clothing items) showed clear improvement, with scores ranging from good to very good. A small percentage of the patients (13%) reported fair improvement in sexual performance. CONCLUSION: The findings showed monsplasty to be a simple and reproducible technique with favorable outcomes and low morbidity rates. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors at www.springer.com/00266.

Perfil reprodutivo e padröes de consumo do misoprostol (Cytotec) como droga abortiva em usuárias de baixa renda / Reproductive profile and misoprostol (cytotec) consumption standards as an abortive drug in low income users

Trata-se de um Estudo Transversal, com vistas a conhecer o perfil reprodutivo e os padröes de aquisiçäo e consumo do misoprostol (Cytotec), em usuárias da droga com finalidade abortiva. Inclui, por amostra acidental, 63 mulheres com complicaçöes relacionadas ao uso de Cytotec, e que procuraram assistência obstétrica em hospitais públicos da regiäo metropolitana de vitória - ES, no período de setembro de 1992 a janeiro de 1994. Adotou-se entrevista estruturada para a coleta de dados. A principal fonte financiadora da compra da droga foi a própria usuária; os os principais informantes sobre o uso foram "amigas/colegas" (47,7 por cento) e "balconistas de farmácia" (20 por cento). O total de primigestantes foi de 63,5 por cento; o uso de alguma metodologia anticonceptiva foi referida por 55 por cento das mulheres. A administraçäo do Cytotec ocorreu nos primeiros 120 dias da gestaçäo em (79,3 por cento) dos casos. O número médio de comprimidos foi de 4 a 6, com predominío da dose única, em associaçäo oral e vaginal; (61,9 por cento) das mulheres procuraram atendimento médico nas primeiras 48 horas da ingestäo. O abortamento foi consumado em (79,4 por cento dos casos). Duas mulheres apresentaram incorrências mais graves, que culminaram em histerectomia em ambas.