The sexual double standard in a masculine way: Portuguese transgenerational perspective

IntroductionThe relationship between both genders has conditioned different ways concerning the expression of sexuality.ObjectiveThis investigation analysed the evolution of the sexual double standard and its relations with sexual satisfaction, concerning the Portuguese context.Material and methodsTo do so, 2 different male samples were compared: one aged from 20-30 years and the other aged from 40-50 years, considering the possibility of a certain “transgenerational effect” in transmitting sexual standards.ResultsThe results show that sexual satisfaction is not correlated with personal acceptance of the sexual double standard, and that we are not abandoning the sexual double standard in order to establish a more egalitarian one.DiscussionAlthough both groups recognise the social pervasiveness of the sexual double standard, younger men are more attached to the sexual double standard when compared to older ones.ConclusionsSuch results can be seen in a way of a certain “masculine fear” about women's emancipation, and the need for a social adequateness. At the end, some suggestions are made considering the results (AU)

Introdução. A relação entre géneros tem condicionado a expressão da sexualidade ao longo das diversas épocas históricas. Objetivo. A presente investigação visa analisar a evolução do fenómeno de duplo padrão sexual e relacioná-lo com o conceito de satisfação sexual, no que concerne ao caso português. Material e métodos. Foram comparados 2 grupos do sexo masculino, com homens dos 20-30 anos e dos 40-50 anos, avaliando-se a possibilidade de um «efeito de geração» na transmissão de padrões sexuais. Resultados. Contrariamente ao esperado, a satisfação sexual não estava relacionada com a defesa pessoal do duplo padrão sexual nem houve abandono do duplo padrão sexual em favor de um padrão mais igualitário. Discussão. Embora ambos os grupos etários reconheçam a existência social do duplo padrão sexual, os homens mais jovens revelam estar mais apegados ao duplo padrão sexual relativamente aos homens mais velhos. Conclusões. Tais resultados podem ser vistos à luz dum certo receio masculino acerca da emancipação da mulher e também de uma certa necessidade de normatividade social. Por fim, são apontadas algumas sugestões para a intervenção clínica, considerando os resultados obtidos (AU)

Seroepidemiological survey of transmissible infectious diseases in a portuguese prison establishment.

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 151 (71.6%) of 211 male inmates of a regional Portuguese prison in order to establish the seroprevalence for viral hepatitis (HAV, HBV, HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and to analyze some psychosocial and criminal characteristics. Mean age was 34 years. Anti-HAV was positive in 69.5% (n = 105) and in 34.4% (n = 52) for anti-HCV. One (0.7%) person had HBsAg and 29 (19.2%) had laboratory markers of past HBV infection. Non-immune inmates for HBV were 40.4% (n = 61). Syphilis was diagnosed in 6.0% (n = 9). The rate of HIV infection was 6.6% (n = 10; all HIV-1). The seropositivity of HSV-2 was 19.9% (n = 30) and of HSV-1 was 82.1% (n = 124). Alcohol dependence was reported by 26.5% (n = 40). Excluding tobacco and prescription medication, 73.5% (n = 111) reported drug use in prison. The most commonly used drugs were: cannabis (100%; n = 111) followed by heroin (56.7%; n = 63). Anti-HCV rate was noteworthy. The HIV infection rate (6.6%) in this regional prison is at least 13 to 22 times greater than in general population. As the inmate return to the community increases the risk of disease exposure for the general population, early detection and counseling is urgently needed for prisoners.

Seroepidemiological survey of transmissible infectious diseases in a portuguese prison establishment

A cross-sectional study was conducted in 151 (71.6 percent) of 211 male inmates of a regional Portuguese prison in order to establish the seroprevalence for viral hepatitis (HAV, HBV, HCV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), syphilis and herpes simplex virus (HSV-1 and HSV-2) and to analyze some psychosocial and criminal characteristics. Mean age was 34 years. Anti-HAV was positive in 69.5 percent (n = 105) and in 34.4 percent (n = 52) for anti-HCV. One (0.7 percent) person had HBsAg and 29 (19.2 percent) had laboratory markers of past HBV infection. Non-immune inmates for HBV were 40.4 percent (n = 61). Syphilis was diagnosed in 6.0 percent (n = 9). The rate of HIV infection was 6.6 percent (n = 10; all HIV-1). The seropositivity of HSV-2 was 19.9 percent (n = 30) and of HSV-1 was 82.1 percent (n = 124). Alcohol dependence was reported by 26.5 percent (n = 40). Excluding tobacco and prescription medication, 73.5 percent (n = 111) reported drug use in prison. The most commonly used drugs were: cannabis (100 percent; n = 111) followed by heroin (56.7 percent; n = 63). Anti-HCV rate was noteworthy. The HIV infection rate (6.6 percent) in this regional prison is at least 13 to 22 times greater than in general population. As the inmate return to the community increases the risk of disease exposure for the general population, early detection and counseling is urgently needed for prisoners.