Inyección de gas intravítreo combinada con fotocoagulación con láser de argón para el tratamento de la maculopatía de la foseta del disco óptico sin vitrectomía / Intravitreal gas injection combined with argon laser photocoagulation for treatment of optic disc pit maculopathy without vitrectomy

RESUMEN Presentamos el caso de un paciente con foseta del disco óptico, quien presentó una disminución de la agudeza visual secundaria a desprendimiento seroso de retina. Se decidió realizar una inyección intravítrea de 0.3ml de gas C3F8 (100%), seguida de fotocoagulación con láser de argón en el borde temporal de la foseta, logrando reaplicación total de la retina, con reabsorción de todo el líquido subretiniano visible en la tomografía de coherencia optica (OCT) luego de 400 días. Además hubo una mejoría significativa en la agudeza visual.

ABSTRACT We present the case of a patient with an optic disk pit, presenting with great loss of visual acuity secondary to serous retinal detachment. The management chosen was an intravitreal injection of 0.3 mL of C3F8 (100%), followed by argon laser photocoagulation on the temporal edge of the pit, ), achieving total retinal reattachment , and reabsorption of all subretinal fluid visible at optical coherence tomography after 400 days, in addition to great improvement in visual acuity.

Fruit-localized photoreceptors increase phenolic compounds in berry skins of field-grown Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec.

Sunlight exposure has multiple effect on fruits, as it affects the light climate perceived by fruit photoreceptors and fruit tissue temperature. In grapes (Vitis vinifera L.), light exposure can have a strong effect on fruit quality and commercial value; however, the mechanisms of light action are not well understood. The role of fruit-localized photoreceptors in the control of berry quality traits was evaluated under field conditions in a commercial vineyard in Mendoza (Argentina). Characterization of the diurnal dynamics of the fruit light environment in a vertical trellis system indicated that clusters were shaded by leaves during most of the photoperiod. Supplementation of the fruit light environment from 20 days before veraison until technological harvest showed that red (R, 660 nm) and blue (B, 470 nm) light strongly increased total phenolic compound levels at harvest in the berry skins without affecting sugar content, acidity or berry size. Far-red (FR, 730 nm) and green (G, 560 nm) light supplementation had relatively small effects. The stimulation of berry phytochromes and cryptochromes favored accumulation of flavonoid and non-flavonoid compounds, including anthocyanins, flavonols, flavanols, phenolic acids and stilbenes. These results demonstrate that the chemical composition of grape berries is modulated by the light quality received by the clusters under field conditions, and that fruit photoreceptors are not saturated even in areas of high insolation and under management systems that are considered to result in a relatively high exposure of fruits to solar radiation. Therefore, manipulation of the light environment or the light sensitivity of fruits could have significant effects on critical grape quality traits.