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1.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 76(6): 350-354, jun. 2012. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | IBECS | ID: ibc-101489

ABSTRACT

Tras estar prácticamente erradicado en Europa, en los últimos 3 años han aparecido miles de casos de sarampión autóctono. Se describen los casos ocurridos en la zona norte de Madrid (enero-junio de 2011).Se informa de 22 casos, 18 de ellos agrupados en 2 brotes (2 escuelas infantiles). La tasa de ataque del principal fue del 29%.Todos fueron en pacientes no vacunados (mediana=14 meses). El genotipo predominante fue el D4 (95%). Hubo un 45% de complicaciones y un 45% de ingresos. El Servicio de Salud Pública recomendó aislar a los casos y vacunó anticipadamente a los contactos susceptibles. En los centros sanitarios se estableció un circuito específico para atender a los casos sospechosos. Se ha adelantado la vacunación triple vírica de los 15 a los 12 meses en la Comunidad de Madrid. El sarampión es una enfermedad re-emergente en Europa. El manejo coordinado entre Salud Pública y los centros asistenciales es fundamental para limitar los brotes(AU)


After being virtually eradicated in Europe, thousands of cases of measles in the population of Spanish origin have appeared in the last 3 years. We describe the cases diagnosed in the north of Madrid between January and June 2011. A total of 22 cases are reported, 18 of them grouped in 2 outbreaks (2 nurseries). The primary attack rate was 29% in the main outbreak. All cases were in unvaccinated patients (median = 14 months). Genotype D4 was predominant (95%). There was a 45% complication rate and 45% were admitted to hospitals. The Public Health Service recommended isolating cases and vaccinating susceptible contacts in advance. Health Centres established a specific protocol to respond to suspected cases. The Measles vaccination has been brought forward from 15 to 12 months in Madrid. Measles is a re-emerging disease in Europe. The coordinated management between public health and health facilities is essential to limiting outbreaks(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Measles/diagnosis , Measles/epidemiology , Measles/microbiology , Schools, Nursery , Measles Vaccine/therapeutic use , Measles-Mumps-Rubella Vaccine/therapeutic use , Disease Outbreaks/statistics & numerical data
2.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 76(6): 350-4, 2012 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22265376

ABSTRACT

After being virtually eradicated in Europe, thousands of cases of measles in the population of Spanish origin have appeared in the last 3 years. We describe the cases diagnosed in the north of Madrid between January and June 2011. A total of 22 cases are reported, 18 of them grouped in 2 outbreaks (2 nurseries). The primary attack rate was 29% in the main outbreak. All cases were in unvaccinated patients (median = 14 months). Genotype D4 was predominant (95%). There was a 45% complication rate and 45% were admitted to hospitals. The Public Health Service recommended isolating cases and vaccinating susceptible contacts in advance. Health Centres established a specific protocol to respond to suspected cases. The Measles vaccination has been brought forward from 15 to 12 months in Madrid. Measles is a re-emerging disease in Europe. The coordinated management between public health and health facilities is essential to limiting outbreaks.


Subject(s)
Disease Outbreaks , Measles/epidemiology , Humans , Infant , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Spain/epidemiology , Urban Health
3.
Pediátrika (Madr.) ; 23(8): 335-340, sept. 2003. tab, graf
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-24718

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Evaluar la presencia de gérmenes contaminantes en los fonendoscopios, estudiar las medidas de limpieza de los mismos por parte del personal sanitario y ver si existe correlación entre dicha limpieza y el hallazgo de gérmenes. Métodos: Participaron en el estudio médicos adjuntos y residentes y personal de enfermería, de los servicios de Pediatría, Urgencias Generales y Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos de adultos. Se realizo entrevista individual y anónima acerca de la limpieza del fonendoscopio y seguidamente se recogieron muestras del mismo antes y después de la limpieza con alcohol etílico de 70º. Tras incubación de muestras en medio adecuado, se realizó examen cuantitativo y estimación semicualitativa del tipo de flora. Se registró nº total de colonias, y de S.aureus en particular, antes y después de la limpieza. Resultados: Se aisló flora mixta Gram positiva de aspecto mucocutánea, con predominio de estafilococos (81 por ciento). Hallándose S.aureus en 63 por ciento. No se aislaron gérmenes Gram negativos. Hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la media de ufc por fonendo y 1) el tipo de personal entrevistado 2), el servicio entrevistado y 3) respecto a ufc antes y después de la limpieza, pero no respecto a la última limpieza efectuada. Conclusiones: Hemos encontrado un alto porcentaje de fonendoscopios contaminados por s.aureus por lo que podríamos considerar al estetoscopio como un potencial vector de infección; las medidas de higiene del fonendoscopio por parte del personal sanitario son muy deficientes y el alcohol de 70º es un desinfectante muy eficaz, disminuyendo de forma importante esta contaminación (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Stethoscopes/microbiology , Communicable Diseases/transmission , Disease Vectors , Cross Infection/microbiology , Staphylococcus/isolation & purification , Disinfectants , 24419
4.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 20(10): 741-3, 2001 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11757978

ABSTRACT

Three different commercial immunologic tests for rapid detection of group A rotavirus (an immunochromatographic method, latex agglutination, and enzyme immunoassay) were used to evaluate 228 faecal specimens obtained from Spanish children with acute gastroenteritis. After resolution of 30 (13.2%) discordant results by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for rotavirus, the statistical values of the enzyme immunoassay, latex agglutination, and immunochromatographic method were respectively 96%, 68%, and 99% for sensitivity; 99%, 99%, and 96% for specificity; 98%, 96%, and 92% for positive predictive value; and 98%, 88%, and 99% for negative predictive value. The immunochromatographic technique showed high sensitivity and specificity and was rapid and easy to perform in the routine clinical laboratory.


Subject(s)
Diagnostic Tests, Routine/methods , Feces/virology , Rotavirus Infections/diagnosis , Rotavirus/isolation & purification , Child, Preschool , Chromatography/methods , Female , Humans , Immunoenzyme Techniques , Infant , Latex Fixation Tests , Male , Predictive Value of Tests , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and Specificity
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