ABSTRACT
Introducción:El estudio y trabajo independientes como unidad dialéctica en el proceso pedagógico desarrollan la actividad cognoscitiva del estudiante.Objetivo:Identificar las aproximaciones teóricas sobre el estudio y el trabajo independientes del estudiante en el contexto de las ciencias médicas en Cuba.Métodos:La gestión de información se enmarcó en la biblioteca virtual electrónica de las revistas médicas cubanas durante 2011-2018, a partir de los descriptores: estudio independiente y trabajo independiente. El análisis de la información se realizó con los siguientes indicadores: autor, año, propósitos, muestra, medición, intervención, resultados y hallazgos. La unidad de análisis tuvo en cuenta al estudiante y al profesor en la formación inicial y continua. Para el tratamiento matemático de la información se empleó el cálculo porcentual.Resultados:Se consultaron en total 28 artículos sobre ambas categorías: el 78,5 Porciento referidos al trabajo independiente y el resto al estudio independiente. Estos se centraron en la dirección del trabajo independiente y las orientaciones metodológicas, fundamentalmente, en la carrera de medicina (31,8 Porciento). Los principales resultados se revelaron a nivel descriptivo (45,4 Porciento) y de transformación social (18,1 Porciento). Los hallazgos se enfocaron en la efectividad de ambas categorías en el rendimiento académico, la motivación, la independencia, la creatividad y responsabilidad ante las tareas docentes de carácter profesional, problematizador e integral, así como en la preparación docente para su dirección.Conclusiones:Ambas categorías mostraron limitaciones en la formación inicial y continua, lo cual significó un reto pedagógico, ante la necesidad de preparar al docente para que forme a un profesional con la calidad requerida.[AU]
Subject(s)
Universities , Information ManagementABSTRACT
Blastocystis hominis is a common human parasite with infection rates up to 50% in developing countries, and giardiasis is the commonest intestinal one in Mexico. No doubt, various parasites as Giardia lamblia and Entamoeba histolytica can cause rheumatic diseases. This study coproparasitoscopic analysis evaluated the cysts by B. hominis, G. lamblia, E. hartmani, E. coli and E. histolytica in Mexican rheumatic disease patients. Also, ELISA was used to detect E. histolytica, Ascaris lumbricoides, Toxocara canis, and Trichinella spiralis in Mexican patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and ankylosing spondylitis (AS). Thirty-six patients (24 with AS and 12 with RA) and 77 healthy control individuals were enrolled in this study. The frequencies of protozoan cysts were comparable in rheumatic disease patients (AS and RA) and healthy control donors (33 and 25 vs. 26%, respectively; p > 0.05). The frequency of antibodies to T. canis was significantly higher in AS patients than in healthy control donors (16 vs. 2.6%, respectively; p = 0.027), whereas no differences were observed for the prevalence of antibodies for the other parasites (E. histolytica, A. lumbricoides and T. spiralis) (p > 0.05). This information indicates the need to intensify educational efforts for the prevention of parasite infections associated with AS disease that cannot be controlled only by drugs.
Subject(s)
Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/complications , Rheumatic Diseases/complications , Spondylitis, Ankylosing/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Antibodies, Helminth/blood , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Case-Control Studies , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Feces/parasitology , Female , Helminthiasis/complications , Helminthiasis/epidemiology , Humans , Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology , Male , Mexico , Middle Aged , Prevalence , Protozoan Infections/complications , Protozoan Infections/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Syntaxin-1 and 25-kDa Synaptosome-associated Protein (SNAP-25) are present in the plasma membrane of several different secretory cell types and are involved in the exocytosis process. In this work, the free-living amoeba Difflugia corona was studied in relation to ultrastructure, structural membrane proteins, and proteins such as Syntaxin-1 and SNAP-25. Our results obtained by scanning electron microscopy in the amoeba without its theca, showed many membrane projections and several pore-like structures. Using immunocytochemistry, we found structural proteins Syntaxin-1 and SNAP-25.
Subject(s)
Animals , Amoeba/metabolism , Amoeba/ultrastructure , Cell Membrane/metabolism , Cell Membrane/ultrastructure , /metabolism , Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Syntaxin 1/metabolism , Microscopy, Electron, ScanningABSTRACT
Syntaxin-1 and 25-kDa Synaptosome-associated Protein (SNAP-25) are present in the plasma membrane of several different secretory cell types and are involved in the exocytosis process. In this work, the free-living amoeba Difflugia corona was studied in relation to ultrastructure, structural membrane proteins, and proteins such as Syntaxin-1 and SNAP-25. Our results obtained by scanning electron microscopy in the amoeba without its theca, showed many membrane projections and several pore-like structures. Using immunocytochemistry, we found structural proteins Syntaxin-1 and SNAP-25.(AU)
