ABSTRACT
Introducción: La neoplasia intraepitelial anal (NIA) es una lesión premaligna del carcinoma escamoso anal. Los varones VIH que tienen sexo con varones, es la población de riesgo más afectada. La citología y anuscopia son los métodos mejor aceptados para su diagnóstico, aunque es controvertido qué pacientes deben completarlo con una biopsia. Tampoco está bien establecido qué pacientes deben someterse a tratamiento y cuál es el mejor. Con este estudio, queremos exponer nuestra experiencia en el manejo diagnóstico-terapéutico de la NIA a corto plazo. Métodos: Estudio observacional retrospectivo de pacientes con riesgo de NIA con una citología anal alterada a los que se les realizó una anuscopia de alta resolución con biopsia. Tras la confirmación histológica de displasia iniciaron tratamiento con ácido tricloroacético. Se comprobó su efectividad con una citología posterior. Se analizaron las variables demográficas de la muestra y los resultados de las pruebas diagnósticas y de tratamiento. Resultados: La mayoría eran varones VIH positivos (104/115) y el 50% mantenían relaciones sexuales con otros varones. Se incluyeron 115 pacientes con citología anal alterada, de los cuales el 92% presentaron displasia en la biopsia. El 97% con atipia de significado incierto en la citología presentaron displasia histológicamente. El 60% de los pacientes normalizó la citología tras el tratamiento. Conclusión: Se debe considerar de forma sistemática la detección precoz de la NIA en poblaciones de riesgo conocidas. Cualquier anormalidad citológica debe ser biopsiada. El ácido tricloroacético puede ser un tratamiento efectivo consiguiendo un alto porcentaje de regresión, aunque actualmente la información con la que contamos es de bajo nivel de evidencia. (AU)
Introduction: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is a premalignant lesion of anal squamous cell carcinoma. HIV-positive males who have sex with males, are the most affected at-risk population. Cytology and anuscopy are the best accepted methods for its diagnosis, although it is controversial which patients should complete it with a biopsy. Neither which patients should undergo treatment nor which is the best treatment is not well established. With this study, we would like to present our experience in the diagnostic-therapeutic management of AIN in the short term. Methods: Retrospective observational study of patients at risk of AIN with altered anal cytology who underwent high-resolution anuscopy with biopsy. After histological confirmation of dysplasia, they started treatment with trichloroacetic acid. Its effectiveness was verified by subsequent cytology. The demographic variables of the sample and the results of both diagnostic and treatment tests were analyzed. Results: The majority were HIV-positive males (104/115) and 50% had sexual relations with other men. We included 115 patients with altered anal cytology, of whom 92% had dysplasia on biopsy. 97% with atypia of uncertain significance on cytology had histological dysplasia. Cytology normalized after treatment in 60% of patients. Conclusion: Early detection of AIN should be routinely considered in known at-risk populations. Any cytological abnormality should be biopsied. Tricholoroacetic acid can be an effective treatment achieving a high percentage of regression, although currently, the information we have is of low level of evidence. (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Adult , Middle Aged , Carcinoma in Situ/diagnosis , Carcinoma in Situ/therapy , Alphapapillomavirus , Epidemiology, Descriptive , Retrospective Studies , Cell BiologyABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Anal intraepithelial neoplasia (AIN) is a premalignant lesion of anal squamous cell carcinoma. HIV-positive males who have sex with males, are the most affected at-risk population. Cytology and anuscopy are the best accepted methods for its diagnosis, although it is controversial which patients should complete it with a biopsy. Neither which patients should undergo treatment nor which is the best treatment is not well established. With this study, we would like to present our experience in the diagnostic-therapeutic management of AIN in the short term. METHODS: Retrospective observational study of patients at risk of AIN with altered anal cytology who underwent high-resolution anuscopy with biopsy. After histological confirmation of dysplasia, they started treatment with trichloroacetic acid. Its effectiveness was verified by subsequent cytology. The demographic variables of the sample and the results of both diagnostic and treatment tests were analyzed. RESULTS: The majority were HIV-positive males (104/115) and 50% had sexual relations with other men. We included 115 patients with altered anal cytology, of whom 92% had dysplasia on biopsy. 97% with atypia of uncertain significance on cytology had histological dysplasia. Cytology normalized after treatment in 60% of patients. CONCLUSION: Early detection of AIN should be routinely considered in known at-risk populations. Any cytological abnormality should be biopsied. Tricholoroacetic acid can be an effective treatment achieving a high percentage of regression, although currently, the information we have is of low level of evidence.
Subject(s)
Anus Neoplasms , Carcinoma in Situ , HIV Infections , Papillomavirus Infections , Sexual and Gender Minorities , Male , Humans , Homosexuality, Male , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/epidemiology , Anus Neoplasms/pathology , Carcinoma in Situ/pathologySubject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Colorectal Neoplasms/surgery , Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery , Disease-Free SurvivalABSTRACT
Introducción: Dado el aumento del diagnóstico de cáncer de colon y el acceso al tratamiento en pacientes mayores de 80 años, nuestro objetivo es valorar si el abordaje laparoscópico sigue aportando las ventajas demostradas en la recuperación postoperatoria, al tiempo que analizamos los factores que pueden influir en dichos resultados. Material y método Se han analizado retrospectivamente 593 pacientes, intervenidos de cáncer de colon por laparoscopia de forma electiva entre enero de 1999 y diciembre de 2010. Se dividieron en 33 grupos: A) menores de 70 años (n = 230), B) 70-79 años (n = 209), C) mayores o igual a 80 años (n=154). Las variables independientes: sexo, enfermedades asociadas, cirugía abdominal previa, índice de Karnosfky, índice de masa corporal (IMC), nivel de hemoglobina, proteínas y albúmina, CEA, grado de ASA, localización y estadificación tumoral. Variables dependientes perioperatoria: conversión, tiempo operatorio y pérdidas hemáticas; y postoperatorias: complicaciones locales y generales, requerimiento de unidad de cuidados intensivos, reintervenciones, estancia hospitalaria y éxitus. Resultados El grupo C presentó una mayor incidencia (p<0,001) de hipertensión arterial, diabetes mellitus, cardiopatía, neumopatía y ASA grado 3, así como valores inferiores de índice de Karnofsky, IMC, hemoglobina, albúmina y proteínas totales. Durante el postoperatorio se observó (p>0,001), mayor incidencia de complicaciones generales (respiratorias y urinarias), reintervenciones, ingresos en unidad de cuidados intensivos, éxitus y mayor estancia hospitalaria. Conclusión Aunque la cirugía laparoscópica ofrece ventajas a los pacientes mayores de 80 años con cáncer de colon, este grupo de pacientes presenta un mayor riesgo de complicaciones que la población más joven y, en consecuencia, debemos ser cuidadosos en su manejo (AU)
Introduction: Given the increase in the diagnosis in colon cancer and the access to treatment in patients over 80 years old, our aim is to assess whether laparoscopic surgery still has the demonstrated advantages in post-operative recovery, as well as to analyse the factors that may influence these results. Material and method: A retrospective analysis was made on a total of 593 patients subjected to elective laparoscopy surgery due to cancer of the colon between January 1999 and December 2010. They were divided into three age groups: A) less than 70 years (n = 230),B) 70-79 years (n = 209), C) 80 years or over (n = 154). The independent variables were: gender, concomitant diseases, previous abdominal surgery, Karnosfky index, BMI, level of, haemoglobin, proteins and albumin, CEA, and ASA grade, location (..) (AU)
