ABSTRACT
Four bioactive PEO (plasma electrolytic oxidation) coatings were generated on Mg0.8Ca alloy using a Ca/P-based electrolyte and adding Si or Fas necessary. Surface characteristics, chemical composition and ion liberation of the coatings were characterized using SEM/EDS (Scanning Electron Microscopy/Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy), X-ray diffraction, optical profilometry and ICP-OES (inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry). Direct biocompatibility studies were performed by seeding premyoblastic, endothelial and preosteoblastic cell lines over the coatings. Biocompatibility of the coatings was also evaluated with respect to murine endothelial, preosteoblastic, preosteoclastic and premyoblastic cell cultures using extracts obtained by the immersion degradation of the PEO-coated specimens. The coatings reduced the degradation of magnesium alloy and released Mg Ca, P, Si and F. Of all the studied compositions, the Si-containing PEO coating exhibited the optimal characteristics for use in all potential applications, including bone regeneration and cardiovascular applications. Coatings with high F content negatively influenced the endothelial cells. RAW 264.7, MC3T3 and co-culture differentiation studies using extracts of PEO coated Mg0.8Ca demonstrated improved osteoclastogenesis and osteoblastogenesis processes compared to bare alloy.
Subject(s)
Alloys/pharmacology , Bone Regeneration/drug effects , Cardiovascular System/drug effects , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/pharmacology , Electrolysis/methods , Plasma Gases/chemistry , Stents , Animals , Calcification, Physiologic/drug effects , Cell Line , Electric Conductivity , Green Fluorescent Proteins/metabolism , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Ions , Mice , Osteoblasts/cytology , Osteoclasts/cytology , Oxidation-Reduction , Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase/metabolism , Time Factors , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
Bioactive PEO (Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation) coatings were generated on Grade I commercially pure titanium for dentistry applications using a Ca/P-based electrolyte with added Si, Mg, Zn or F species. Surface characteristics, chemical composition and ion liberation of the coatings were characterized using SEM/EDS, X-ray diffraction, optical profilometry, contact angle and ICP-OES. Corrosion resistance (OCP and DC polarization) was evaluated in SBF. Osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis processes on PEO-coated Ti and non-coated Ti controls were assessed after 7â¯days and 5â¯days of cell culture, respectively. Monolayer formation and metabolic activity were evaluated for the MC3T3 preosteoblastic cell line. All PEO coatings favoured differentiation processes over proliferation and presented three times greater quantity of secreted collagen than non-coated Ti control. All coating enabled osteoclast differentiation, with differences in number and size of the osteoclasts between the materials.
Subject(s)
Coated Materials, Biocompatible/chemistry , Dental Implants , Plasma Gases/chemistry , Titanium/chemistry , Animals , Cell Differentiation/drug effects , Cell Line , Coated Materials, Biocompatible/pharmacology , Corrosion , Electrolytes/chemistry , Materials Testing , Mice , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Oxidation-Reduction , Surface Properties , X-Ray DiffractionABSTRACT
La timectomía para el tratamiento de la miasteniagravis sigue siendo el tratamiento de elección en determinadospacientes. Dado el desarrollo de las técnicasquirúrgicas, a los anestesiólogos se nos plantea la necesidadde variar la técnica anestésica para adaptar mejornuestros cuidados a las nuevas técnicas quirúrgicasempleadas para resecar el timo. Presentamos el manejoperioperatorio de 2 pacientes en los que se realizó latimectomía fundamentalmente a través de un abordajetoracoscópico bilateral. La idoneidad de evitar en lamedida de lo posible el uso de opiáceos para el intra ypostoperatorio nos condujo a realizar un bloqueo paravertebraltorácico bilateral (mediante cateterización dedicho espacio paravertebral utilizando anestésicos localesa través de cada catéter paravertebral de formaalternante dependiendo del lado en el que en esemomento progresará la intervención quirúrgica). Laoperación transcurrió sin incidencias y a las 2 pacientesse les retiró el tubo endotraqueal al final de la misma.Los días subsiguientes recibieron exitosamente analgesiaparavertebral bilateral a través de sendas perfusionescontinuas de anestésicos locales
Thymectomy continues to be the treatment of choicefor certain patients with myasthenia gravis. As surgicaltechniques have developed, anesthesiologists have consideredthe need to adapt anesthetic techniques toimprove care of patients undergoing this procedure. Wedescribe the anesthetic management of 2 patients undergoingthymectomy performed with a bilateral thoracoscopicapproach. Because it is best to avoid the use ofopiates during and after surgery, we performed a bilateralparavertebral thoracic block, inserting the cathetersinto the paravertebral space on each side to infuse localanesthetics on either side as needed as the operation progressed.Surgery was completed without adverse eventsand tubes were removed from the tracheas of bothpatients at the end of the procedures. Bilateral continuousinfusion of local anesthetics provided satisfactoryanalgesia on the following days
Subject(s)
Female , Adult , Humans , Thymectomy , Myasthenia Gravis/surgery , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Intraoperative Period , Intubation, IntratrachealABSTRACT
Thymectomy continues to be the treatment of choice for certain patients with myasthenia gravis. As surgical techniques have developed, anesthesiologists have considered the need to adapt anesthetic techniques to improve care of patients undergoing this procedure. We describe the anesthetic management of 2 patients undergoing thymectomy performed with a bilateral thoracoscopic approach. Because it is best to avoid the use of opiates during and after surgery, we performed a bilateral paravertebral thoracic block, inserting the catheters into the paravertebral space on each side to infuse local anesthetics on either side as needed as the operation progressed. Surgery was completed without adverse events and tubes were removed from the tracheas of both patients at the end of the procedures. Bilateral continuous infusion of local anesthetics provided satisfactory analgesia on the following days.
