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1.
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) ; 52(5): 725-30, 2011 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21894140

ABSTRACT

AIM: The aim of this paper was to compare the outcomes of patients undergoing autogenous brachial-basilic upper arm transposition fistulas (BBAVF) with prosthetic brachial-axillary vascular accesses (BAPTFE) at immediate and medium follow-up. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of the aforementioned accesses performed in a single-center from 2003 to 2007. Transposition was used in all BBAVF performed. Conic prostheses were used in the BAPTFE. Primary and secondary patency, patient survival, types of complications and its rates were assessed during follow-up. RESULTS: Thirty-six BBAVF and 40 BAPTFE were performed. Both groups were well matched for age, gender and comorbidity. BBAVF primary patency was 93.5%, 50.4%, 45.8% and 45.8% compared to 80.6%, 64.3%, 46.2% and 31.6% of the BAPTFE group at 1, 12, 24 and 36 months of follow-up (P=0.719). BBAVF secondary patency was 93.5%, 50.4%, 45.8% and 45.8% compared to 80.6%, 67.7%, 54.2% and 35.1% of the BAPTFE at the same periods (P=0.902). Patient survival was 97.2%, 97.2%, 93.2% and 86.5 for BBAVF in contrast to 97.2%, 94.4%, 84.1% and 79.9% for BAPTFE in the same months (P=0.386). 13.8% of the BBVAF had accessibility problems while only 5% of the BAPTFE presented them (P=0.174). Infection was more frequent in BAPTFE (0% vs 10%), being the only complication near the statistical signification (P=0.071). CONCLUSION: BBAVF offer patency and accessibility rates similar to BAPTFE, but lower infectious complications. Thus, we consider them as the preferred hemodialysis access when fistulas using the cephalic vein have failed or are not possible.


Subject(s)
Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/methods , Axillary Vein/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation , Brachial Artery/surgery , Renal Dialysis , Upper Extremity/blood supply , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/adverse effects , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/instrumentation , Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical/mortality , Blood Vessel Prosthesis/adverse effects , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/adverse effects , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/instrumentation , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/mortality , Chi-Square Distribution , Female , Humans , Kaplan-Meier Estimate , Male , Middle Aged , Patient Selection , Prosthesis-Related Infections/etiology , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment , Risk Factors , Spain , Surgical Wound Infection/etiology , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Patency , Young Adult
2.
Angiología ; 59(4): 325-332, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055907

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Algunas patologías vasculares se manifiestan como masas cervicales (tumores de glomo, aneurismas o elongaciones carotídeas) que requieren un diagnóstico diferencial con masas de otras características. Casos clínicos. Se presentan dos casos correspondientes a confusiones diagnósticas de la naturaleza de la masa cervical, a pesar de haberse estudiado preoperatoriamente de forma completa. El primer caso es un varón de 52 años en el que se realizó el diagnóstico intraoperatorio de aneurisma de la arteria carótida interna en el transcurso de una intervención para extirpar una supuesta adenopatía cervical. En el estudio preoperatorio se realizó una ecografía, una tomografía computarizada (TC) sin contraste e incluso la punción de la masa. Se procedió a la resección del aneurisma y la interposición de un segmento de vena safena carotidocarotídeo, sin complicaciones postoperatorias. El segundo caso es una mujer de 42 años, en la que se realizó el diagnóstico histológico de metástasis cervical de un carcinoma de tiroides al estudiar la pieza de un supuesto tumor de glomo carotídeo que dependía del nervio vago. El estudio preoperatorio incluyó la realización de una ecografía, una resonancia magnética cervical e incluso una arteriografía. En el estudio de extensión se realizó una TC cervical que evidenció una glándula tiroidea heterogénea y adenopatías cervicales bilaterales, por lo que se realizó una tiroidectomía total con vaciamiento funcional bilateral. Conclusiones. Las masas cervicales requieren la realización de varias pruebas tras las cuales se suele llegar al diagnóstico correcto. Sin embargo, en ocasiones se puede producir una confusión diagnóstica y someter al paciente a riesgos potencialmente graves


Introduction. Some vascular conditions manifest as neck masses (glomus tumours, aneurysms or carotid elongations) that require a differential diagnosis to distinguish them from masses with other characteristics. Case reports. We report two cases involving confusion with regard to the diagnosis of the nature of neck masses, despite having studied them thoroughly in the pre-operative period. The first case involved a 52-year-old male who was diagnosed intraoperatively as having an aneurysm in the internal carotid artery while undergoing an operation to remove what was supposed to be a cervical adenopathy. The pre-operative study included ultrasound imaging, a computed tomography (CT) scan without contrast and even puncture of the mass. Resection of the aneurysm and placement of a carotid-carotid segment of saphenous vein were performed, with no post-operative complications. The second case involved a 42-yearold female who was diagnosed, histologically, as suffering from cervical metastasis of a thyroid carcinoma on studying a piece taken from a supposed tumour of the carotid glomus that was dependent on the vagal nerve. The pre-operative study included ultrasound imaging, magnetic resonance imaging of the neck and even arteriography. In the extension study, a CT scan of the neck was performed that showed a heterogeneous thyroid gland and bilateral cervical adenopathies; in consequence, a total thyroidectomy was performed with bilateral functional emptying. Conclusions. Several tests have to be conducted in cases of neck masses, but these usually lead to a correct diagnosis. Nevertheless, confusion can sometimes occur in the diagnosis and the patient can be submitted to potentially severe risks


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Humans , Aneurysm/diagnosis , Lymphatic Metastasis/diagnosis , Head and Neck Neoplasms/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Carotid Artery, Internal/physiopathology , Aneurysm/surgery , Angiography , Ganglia/pathology , Carcinoma, Papillary/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology
3.
Angiología ; 59(4): 339-342, jul.-ago. 2007. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055909

ABSTRACT

Introducción. Presentamos el caso de una trombosis venosa profunda en un paciente pediátrico como complicación de un aneurisma venoso congénito. Caso clínico. Paciente de diez meses de edad que presenta un edema rizomélico del miembro inferior izquierdo y sospecha clínica de trombosis venosa profunda. El estudio con eco-Doppler color confirmó el diagnóstico, pero como complicación de un aneurisma venoso fusiforme congénito. Se instauró un tratamiento anticoagulante con heparina de bajo peso molecular y terapia compresiva con mejoría progresiva del cuadro clínico y ausencia de sintomatología o semiología torácica. Se constató mediante ecografía la recanalización parcial del trombo al mes y casi total a los tres meses del seguimiento; a los seis meses había desaparecido el edema ortostático. Conclusión. A pesar de la falta de evidencia científica por lo excepcional del caso clínico comentado, en los casos de aneurisma venoso complicado con un episodio de trombosis venosa profunda consideramos razonable seguir un tratamiento conservador, más aún en casos pediátricos


Introduction. We describe a case of deep vein thrombosis in a paediatric patient as a complication of a congenital venous aneurysm. Case report. A ten-month-old patient who presented a rhizomelic oedema in the left lower limb and clinical suspicion of deep vein thrombosis. Colour Doppler ultrasound scanning confirmed the diagnosis, but as a complication of a congenital fusiform venous aneurysm. Anticoagulant treatment was established with lowmolecular- weight heparin and compressive therapy; there was a progressive improvement in the clinical picture and absence of thoracic signs or symptoms. Ultrasound imaging confirmed partial recanalisation of the thrombus at one month, which had become almost total at three months’ follow-up; at six months the orthostatic oedema had disappeared. Conclusions. Despite the lack of scientific evidence because of the singularity of the case reported here, when faced with a venous aneurysm complicated by an episode of deep vein thrombosis, we consider it reasonable to follow a conservative treatment, and even more so in the case of paediatric patients


Subject(s)
Female , Infant , Humans , Venous Thrombosis/drug therapy , Aneurysm/complications , Femoral Vein/physiopathology , Venous Thrombosis/etiology , Aneurysm/congenital , Femoral Vein/abnormalities , Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color/methods , Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight/therapeutic use
4.
Angiología ; 59(supl.2): s133-s140, jun. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-055985

ABSTRACT

Introducción. El tratamiento endovascular de la patología de la aorta abdominal y torácica está siendo una alternativa terapéutica cada vez más utilizada. Las dudas en cuanto a su durabilidad y la aparición de complicaciones a medio plazo exigen un seguimiento cercano de este tratamiento. Desarrollo. Se intenta conseguir un protocolo que permita el seguimiento de forma exacta, segura, lo menos costosa posible y con una adecuada cumplimentación por parte del paciente. En el seguimiento del tratamiento endovascular de la aorta abdominal se pueden realizar varias pruebas: radiografía abdominal, TC abdominopélvica, eco-Doppler aortoilíaco o RM. El eco-Doppler ofrece resultados adecuados en cuanto al diámetro del aneurisma y la permeabilidad de la endoprótesis, sin embargo no es un buen método para la detección y la caracterización de endofugas; por ello, y por la subjetividad de la prueba, no se ha instaurado como método de seguimiento de elección en muchos centros. En la aorta torácica, el eco-Doppler no tiene lugar en el diagnóstico y seguimiento del tratamiento endovascular, por lo que se realiza básicamente con radiografía de tórax y con TC torácica. Conclusiones. La validación en cada laboratorio vascular del eco-Doppler aortoilíaco en comparación con la TC abdominopélvica, la homologación de los laboratorios vasculares y la acreditación de sus investigadores permitirían reducir el número de exploraciones con TC en el seguimiento del tratamiento endovascular de la aorta abdominal, lo que disminuiría costes y morbilidad. En el caso de la aorta torácica, es obligatorio realizar el seguimiento con TC torácica


Introduction. Endovascular treatment of pathologies affecting the abdominal and thoracic aorta is becoming a therapeutic alternative that is increasingly more commonly used. Doubts about its durability and the appearance of complications in the medium term mean that this treatment requires a close follow-up. Development. We attempt to achieve a protocol that makes it possible to carry out a follow-up that is precise, safe, as economical as possible and has an adequate degree of patient compliance. Endovascular treatment of the abdominal aorta can be followed up using several different tests, such as an X-ray of the abdomen, an abdominal-pelvic CT scan, aortoiliac Doppler ultrasound scanning or MRI. Doppler ultrasound offers satisfactory results as far as the diameter of the aneurysm and the patency of the aneurysm are concerned, but it is not a good method for detecting and characterising endoleaks; for this reason and owing to the subjectivity of the test, it has not been established as the preferred follow-up method in many centres. In the thoracic aorta, Doppler ultrasound cannot be used for the diagnosis and follow-up of endovascular treatment, and hence they are essentially carried out using chest X-rays and CT scans of the thorax. Conclusions. Validating aortoiliac Doppler ultrasound scanning in each Vascular Laboratory in comparison to abdominal-pelvic CT scans, homologating Vascular Laboratories and accrediting their researchers would allow the number of examinations with CT to be reduced in following up endovascular treatment of the abdominal aorta, with the ensuing reduction in costs and morbidity rates. In the case of the thoracic aorta, the follow-up must be performed with a CT scan of the thorax


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Aneurysm/surgery , Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation/methods , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery , Aorta, Thoracic/surgery , Aortography , Ultrasonography, Doppler
6.
Angiología ; 58(6): 437-443, nov.-dic. 2006. tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049291

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Analizar la permeabilidad y tasa de salvamento de extremidad de las derivaciones distales perimaleolares en la isquemia crítica de la extremidad de pacientes diabéticos (PD). Pacientes y métodos. Desde noviembre de 1993 hasta febrero de 2004 se practicaron 165 bypasses perimaleolares en 154 pacientes con isquemia crítica (104 hombres y 50 mujeres) (edad media: 70 años; rango: 47-97), de los cuales el 74% eran diabéticos. El 96% de los PD presentaban lesión isquémica, mientras que los no diabéticos (PND) la presentaban en un 61% (p < 0,05). El índice tobillo/brazo preoperatorio fue mayor en pacientes diabéticos (0,4 frente a 0,2; p < 0,05). La arteria femoral superficial fue la localización más frecuente de anastomosis proximal, y la pedia, como distal. Análisis estadístico: comparativo de permeabilidad (Kaplan- Meier y test log-rank) y univariante (chi al cuadrado, t de Student) de los factores que pudieran influir en ella. Resultados. El seguimiento medio fue de 22 meses (rango: 0-105). La permeabilidad operatoria fue del 90% para PD y 67% para PND (p < 0,01). La permeabilidad primaria a los 24 meses fue del 74% en PD y 48% en PND (p < 0,01). La tasa de salvamento de extremidad a los 24 meses fue del 77% en PD y 54% en PND (p < 0,01). La tasa de amputaciones menores preoperatoria fue mayor en PD (20% frente al 5%; p < 0,05). Conclusiones. Los PD presentan una permeabilidad y una tasa de salvamento de extremidad mayores que los PND en los bypasses perimaleolares


Aim. To analyse the results with regard to patency and limb salvage rate in perimalleolar distal bypasses in cases of critical ischaemia of the lower limbs of diabetic patients (DP). Patients and methods. Between November 1993 and February 2004 a total of 165 perimalleolar bypasses were carried out in 154 patients with critical ischaemia (104 males and 50 females) (mean age: 70 years; range: 47-97), of whom 74% were diabetics. Of the DP, 96% had ischaemic lesions while these appeared in 61% in non-diabetic patients (NDP) (p < 0.05). The preoperative ankle brachial index was higher in diabetic patients (0.4 versus 0.2; p < 0.05, Student’s t) in the factors that could affect it. Results. The mean follow-up was 22 months (range: 0-105). Operative patency was 90% for DP and 67% for NDP (p < 0.05). The superficial femoral artery was the most common site for the proximal anastomosis, and the dorsalis pedis artery was used as the distal location. Statistical analysis: comparison of patency (Kaplan-Meier and the log-rank test) and univariant (p < 0.01). Primary patency at 24 months was 74% for DP and 48% for NDP (p < 0.01). Limb salvage rate at 24 months was 77% for DP and 54% for NDP (p < 0.01). Preoperative minor amputation rate was higher in DP (20% versus 5%, p < 0.05). Conclusions. DP present higher patency and limb salvage rates than NDP in perimalleolar bypasses


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Middle Aged , Humans , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnosis , Capillary Permeability/physiology , Patient Selection , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/surgery , Angiography/methods , Echocardiography, Doppler/methods , Arteriovenous Anastomosis/surgery , Hyperlipidemias/complications , Hyperlipidemias/diagnosis , Ischemia/complications , Ischemia/diagnosis , Lower Extremity/pathology , Lower Extremity/surgery , Angina, Unstable/complications , Angina, Unstable/diagnosis , Angina, Unstable/therapy
7.
Angiología ; 58(6): 445-450, nov.-dic. 2006. ilus, tab
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-049292

ABSTRACT

Objetivo. Se analizan la efectividad, la tolerancia y la seguridad de dos técnicas poco invasivas del tratamiento de los pseudoaneurismas arteriales iatrogénicos. Pacientes y métodos. De septiembre de 1997 a septiembre de 2004 se trató un total de 25 pseudoaneurismas iatrogénicos (24 femorales y 1 axilar). Se trataron 16 casos mediante ecocompresión y 9 mediante inyección ecoguiada de trombina humana. La ecocompresión se realizó en sesiones de 10-20 minutos y se comprimía el cuello del pseudoaneurisma. La inyección de trombina se realizó ecoguiada en la cavidad del pseudoaneurisma y se inyectaron unas dosis medias de 527 UI de trombina humana (procedente del Tissucol ®). Se realizó un control ecográfico de la cavidad del pseudoaneurisma, así como un control clínico de la extremidad inmediatamente después y a las 24 horas del procedimiento. Resultados. La efectividad del tratamiento fue del 81% en los casos tratados con ecocompresión y del 100% en los tratados con trombina. Los tres casos que no se resolvieron mediante ecocompresión se reconvirtieron a cirugía abierta. Los pacientes tratados toleraron mejor la técnica de la trombina. La estancia media tras el procedimiento fue de 48 horas en el caso de la ecocompresión y de 24 horas en la inyección de trombina. No se detectaron casos de isquemia arterial o embolización distal en ningún paciente. Conclusiones. La inyección ecoguiada de trombina humana es una técnica más efectiva, segura y tolerable por el paciente que la ecocompresión, por lo que se considera en nuestro centro un tratamiento de primera elección


Aim. To analyse the effectiveness, tolerance and safety of two minimally invasive techniques for the treatment of iatrogenic arterial pseudoaneurysms. Patients and methods. Between September 1997 and September 2004 a total of 25 iatrogenic pseudoaneurysms were treated (24 femoral and 1 axillary). Ultrasound compression was used to treat 16 cases and ultrasound-guided injection of human thrombin was used in the other 9. Ultrasound compression was performed in 10-20 minute sessions and the neck of the pseudoaneurysm was compressed. Ultrasounds were used to guide the thrombin injection in the cavity of the pseudoaneurysm and the mean daily doses injected were 527 IU of human thrombin (from Tissucol ®). A control ultrasonography scan of the pseudoaneurysm cavity was performed, together with a clinical control of the extremity immediately and at 24 hours after the procedure. Results. The rate of effectiveness of the treatment was 81% in the cases that were treated with ultrasound compression and 100% in those treated with thrombin. The three cases that were not resolved using ultrasound compression were reconverted to open surgery. The thrombin technique was tolerated better by patients. The mean hospital stay following the intervention was 48 hours in the case of ultrasound compression and 24 hours in the case of thrombin injection. No cases of arterial ischaemia or distal embolisation were detected in any of the patients. Conclusions. Ultrasound-guided injection of human thrombin is a more effective, safer and better tolerated technique than ultrasound compression, which makes it the preferred treatment in such cases in our hospital


Subject(s)
Hemodynamics/physiology , Cardiac Surgical Procedures/methods , Aneurysm/diagnosis , Aneurysm/surgery
8.
Angiología ; 57(3): 247-252, mayo-jun. 2005. ilus
Article in Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-037850

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La rotura crónica contenida de un aneurisma de aorta abdominal infrarrenal es una forma de presentación poco frecuente. Más aún lo es el tratamiento de esta entidad de forma endovascular. Caso clínico. Varón de 70 años trasladado desde otro centro hospitalario, donde estaba ingresado por nefrolitiasis, por presentar dolor lumbar crónico exacerbado en las últimas 24 horas, con estabilidad hemodinámica. Se trataba de un paciente fumador, con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva grave, enolismo importante y hepatopatía crónica. La tomografía computarizada (TC) toracoabdominopélvica mostró la presencia de un aneurisma de aorta abdominal infrarrenal con rotura contenida en el retroperitoneo. Dada la estabilidad hemodinámica del paciente y sus patologías asociadas se valoró realizar una exclusión endovascular ya que las características anatómicas del aneurisma así lo permitían. 16 horas después del ingreso, el paciente fue intervenido y se le practicó dicha exclusión, sin incidencias peroperatorias. El paciente fue dado de alta el 5.º día postoperatorio, asintomático, con el procedimiento permeable y ausencia de endofugas en la TC de control. A los nueve meses de seguimiento, el paciente permanece sin cambios. Conclusiones. La rotura crónica contenida de un aneurisma de aorta abdominal supone un riesgo vital evidente, que obliga a un tratamiento urgente-preferente, con una mortalidad del 15 al 20%. La posibilidad de que este tratamiento sea endovascular depende del estado de salud del paciente, de que el aneurisma tenga unas características anatómicas favorables y de la disponibilidad de un stock de endoprótesis, un quirófano radiológico y personal entrenado en la reparación endovascular electiva de aneurismas


Introduction. Chronic contained rupture of an aneurysm in the infrarenal abdominal aorta is an infrequent presenting symptom; yet, treatment of this condition by endovascular means is even rarer. Case report. We studied the case of a 70-year-old male who was transferred from another hospital, where he had been admitted due to nephrolithiasis, because of chronic lower back pain that had exacerbated in the previous 24 hours, although the patient displayed haemodynamic stability. This patient was a smoker, with severe obstructive pulmonary disease, advanced alcoholism and chronic liver disease. A CAT scan of the thorax-abdomen-pelvis revealed the presence of an infrarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm with a contained rupture in the retroperitoneum. Given the patient’s haemodynamic stability and his associated pathologies, the decision was made to perform an endovascular exclusion, since the anatomical characteristics of the aneurysm favoured such an intervention. The patient was submitted to surgery 16 hours after admission to perform the above-mentioned exclusion, and no intraoperative incidences were recorded. The patient was discharged from hospital five days after the operation, free of symptoms, and the control CAT scan showed that the procedure remained patent and free of endoleaks. Nine months after the intervention no changes have taken place in the patient. Conclusions. The chronic contained rupture of an abdominal aortic aneurysm is clearly a life-threatening situation that requires urgent-preferential treatment and has a mortality rate of between 15% and 20%. The chances of applying endovascular treatment depend on a number of factors including the patient's state of health and whether the aneurysm has favourable anatomical characteristics or not. Other essential factors are the availability of resources such as a stock of stents, a radiological operating theatre and staff with suitable training in the elective endovascular repair of aneurysms


Subject(s)
Male , Aged , Humans , Aneurysm, Ruptured/physiopathology , Aneurysm, Ruptured/surgery , Aorta, Abdominal/injuries , Aorta, Abdominal/surgery , Retroperitoneal Space/injuries , Renal Insufficiency/complications , Aneurysm, Ruptured/etiology , Aorta, Abdominal/physiology , Tomography, Emission-Computed/methods , Intraoperative Complications/physiopathology
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