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1.
J Hazard Mater ; 300: 135-143, 2015 Dec 30.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26177489

ABSTRACT

Coupling chemical oxidation with bioremediation could be a cost-effective system to cope with soil and groundwater pollution. However, the effects of chemical oxidation on autochthonous microbial communities are scarcely known. A detailed analysis that considers both the efficiency of the two technologies and the response of the microbial communities was performed on a linear alkylbenzene-polluted soil and groundwater samples. The impacts of a modified Fenton's reaction (MFR) at various dosages and of permanganate on the microbiota over 4 weeks were assessed. The permanganate and MFR negatively affected microbial abundance and activity. However, the resilience of certain microbial populations was observed, with a final increase in potential hydrocarbon-degrading populations as determined by both the alkB gene abundance and the predominance of well-known hydrocarbon-degrading phylotypes such as Rhodococcus, Ochrobactrum, Acinetobacter and Cupriavidus genera as determined by 16S rRNA-based DGGE fingerprinting. The assessment of the chemical oxidant impact on autochthonous microbiota should be considered for the optimization of coupled field remediation technologies.


Subject(s)
Benzene Derivatives/chemistry , Benzene Derivatives/metabolism , Soil Pollutants/chemistry , Soil Pollutants/metabolism , Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry , Water Pollutants, Chemical/metabolism , Bacteria/genetics , Bacteria/metabolism , Biodegradation, Environmental , Carbon Dioxide/metabolism , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Hydrogen Peroxide/chemistry , Iron/chemistry , Oxidation-Reduction , Oxygen/metabolism , Potassium Permanganate/chemistry , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Soil Microbiology , Water Microbiology
2.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol ; 88(4): 985-95, 2010 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20714718

ABSTRACT

A chemical and microbial characterization of lab-scale biostimulation assays with groundwater samples taken from an industrial site in which the aquifer had been contaminated by linear non-sulfonate alkyl benzenes (LABs) was carried out for further field-scale bioremediation purposes. Two lab-scale biodegradability assays were performed, one with a previously obtained gas-oil-degrading consortium and another with the native groundwater flora. Results for the characterization of the groundwater microbial population of the site revealed the presence of an important LAB-degrading microbial population with a strong degrading capacity. Among the microorganisms identified at the site, the detection of Parvibaculum lavamentivorans, which have been described in other studies as alkyl benzene sulfonates degraders, is worth mentioning. Incubation of P. lavamentivorans DSMZ13023 with LABs as reported in this study shows for the first time the metabolic capacity of this strain to degrade such compounds. Results from the biodegradation assays in this study showed that the indigenous microbial population had a higher degrading capacity than the gas-oil-degrading consortium, indicating the strong ability of the native community to adapt to the presence of LABs. The addition of inorganic nutrients significantly improved the aerobic biodegradation rate, achieving levels of biodegradation close to 90%. The results of this study show the potential effectiveness of oxygen and nutrients as in situ biostimulation agents as well as the existence of a complex microbial community that encompasses well-known hydrocarbon- and LAS-degrading microbial populations in the aquifer studied.


Subject(s)
Bacteria, Aerobic/metabolism , Water Microbiology , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis , Aerobiosis , Alkanesulfonic Acids/chemistry , Biodegradation, Environmental , Colony Count, Microbial , Hydrocarbons/chemistry , Hydrocarbons/metabolism , Petrolatum/adverse effects , Petrolatum/metabolism , Water Pollution, Chemical
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