Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast: A case report of liver and lymph node metastases after eight years from diagnosis.

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast (NECB) is one of the rarest subtypes of breast tumor, and for this reason, there are no data from prospective clinical trials on its optimal management. Its incidence is <0.1% of all breast cancers and <1% of all neuroendocrine tumors. The diagnosis of NECB requires the expression of neuroendocrine markers (chromogranin, synaptophysin, NSE) and the lack of simultaneous neuroendocrine carcinoma in extramammary sites. We present a case of a poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (PD-NEC) metastasized in liver and lymph node after eight years. Mammography, ultrasound imaging, CT, and pathology findings are described.

Posterior mediastinal myelolipoma resected by video-assisted thoracic surgery.

Myelolipoma (ML) is a benign tumour composed of haematopoietic and mature adipose tissue commonly found in adrenal glands. Prognosis is usually good with an indolent clinical course. The occurrence of an ML in the extra-adrenal site is very rare. Herein, we report a very interesting and unusual case of ML located in the posterior mediastinum successfully resected by video-assisted thoracic surgery. The clinical and histological features are largely discussed.

Clinical and histological coexistence of inflammatory pseudotumour of the lymph nodes and rheumatoid arthritis.

Inflammatory pseudotumour (IPT) of the lymph nodes is an uncommon, self-limiting, non-neoplastic proliferation of spindle cells, associated with a polymorphous inflammatory cell infiltrate embedded in a collagen-rich stroma and a variable degree of fibrosis, arising in the nodal parenchyma. Its clinical picture is characterised by site-specific signs and the presence, in most cases, of constitutional symptoms. The pathogenesis of IPT is unknown, but it has been interpreted as an aberrant reactive condition of the nodal connective framework, possibly related to viral infections or chronic inflammatory conditions. Its prognosis is usually favourable. We here report the simultaneous onset of seronegative rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and nodal IPT in a 31-year-old woman. Notably, in the nodal biopsy the coexistence of rheumatoid nodules, as well as histological and immunohistochemical features of IPT, was observed. To our knowledge, such an association has not been previously reported and the hypothesis that IPT could represent an unusual epiphenomenon of an RA-related chronic inflammatory response is suggested.