ABSTRACT
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a human pathogen largely transmitted by aerosols. Vaccines are the main strategy against this pathogen, and the capsular polysaccharide (PS) is its major antigen. S. pneumoniae serotype 1 is associated with large outbreaks and epidemics of invasive diseases. The aims of this work were to screen serotype 1 strains to identify the best PS1 producer, evaluate three peptones for PS1 production, investigate the effects of culture medium components using a design of experiments (DoE), a statistic tool for optimization, and propose a new medium/cultivation strategy. After flask cultivation of nine strains, two that produced high PS1 and biomass values were chosen for further evaluation in the bioreactor, and ST595/01 was chosen as the best PS1 producer strain. Among the peptones tested (Casamino acids, Soytone, and Phytone), the highest PS1 production (298 mg/L) was reached with Phytone. Next, DoE (2(4-1)) was performed to evaluate the effects of yeast extract (YE), Phytone, L-asparagine (Asn), and L-glutamine (Gln), yielding the following results: Phytone presented positive effects (p < 0.05) for maximum production of biomass, PS1, acetate, and lactate; YE showed positive effects for biomass and acid production (p < 0.05); Gln exerted a minor positive effect on PS1 yield factor on glucose (p < 0.1); and Asn presented only an effect on acetate production (p < 0.1). Hence, a new culture medium was formulated based on Phytone, YE, and glucose, and batch and fed-batch cultivations were evaluated. The fed-batch cultivation showed almost 2 times the biomass and 2.5 times the PS1 production as the batch culture, and 8-10 times higher PS1 production than has been previously reported.
Subject(s)
Polysaccharides, Bacterial/metabolism , Streptococcus pneumoniae/growth & development , Streptococcus pneumoniae/metabolism , Batch Cell Culture Techniques , Culture Media/chemistry , Selection, Genetic , SerogroupABSTRACT
S. pneumoniae é um importante patógeno humano que afeta sobretudo crianças. Vacinas são a principal estratégia de combate e o polissacarídeo (PS) da cápsula é o antígeno. Dentre os sorotipos do patógeno, o tipo 1 é prevalente em crianças e o PS1 componente obrigatório das vacinas. Neste trabalho objetivou-se: estabelecer um método de dosagem do PS1, selecionar a melhor cepa produtora de PS1, avaliar 3 peptonas, investigar 4 componentes do meio de cultura em planejamento experimental (PE) em reator e propor um novo meio e estratégia de cultivo. A cepa ST595/01 foi selecionada e o Phytone (Phy) foi a peptona com maior produção de PS1, 298mg/L, medido por m-hidroxidifenil com sulfamato. O PE 24-1 com extrato de levedura (EL), Phy, Asn e Gln mostrou os maiores efeitos positivos do Phy para produção de biomassa (Cx) e PS1. EL foi positivo para Cx, Asn não apresentou efeitos e Gln menor efeito positivo para PS1. Assim, testou-se o novo meio com Phy 15g/L e EL 2g/L sob duas estratégias: a batelada alimentada superou a batelada simples em 2x para Cx e 2,5x para PS1.
S. pneumoniae is an important human pathogen that affects mainly children. Vaccines are the main strategy to fight the disease and capsular polysaccharide (PS) is the antigen. Among pneumococcal serotypes, type 1 is prevalent in children. The aims of this work were: establish a method to measure PS1, screen strains for the best PS1 producer, evaluate 3 peptones, investigate the effects of 4 medium components by a design of experiment (DoE) and propose a new medium/strategy for cultivation. The strain ST595/01 was selected. Phytone (Phy) was the peptone with the highest PS1 production (298mg/L, measured by m-hydroxydiphenyl + sulfamate method). DoE 24-1 was carried out to assess the effects of yeast extract (YE), Phy, Asn and Gln. Phy showed the major positive effects for biomass (Cx) and PS1. YE demonstrated effects for Cx. Gln showed minor effect on PS1 production and Asn did not present effects. A new medium based on 15g/L Phy and 2g/L YE was evaluated by 2 strategies: fed-batch showed Cx production 2-fold higher and PS1 2.5-fold higher than simple batch.
