ABSTRACT
Capsinoids may exert ergogenic effects on resistance exercises. However, the acute effects of capsinoids on neuromuscular performance in humans are unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the acute effects of dihydrocapsiate on lower- and upper-body neuromuscular performance parameters in resistance-trained individuals. 25 young adults (n = 6 women; age = 26 ± 3 years; body mass index = 24.3 ± 2.8â kg/m2) with ≥ 1-year resistance training experience were included in this triple-blind (participants, intervention researchers, and data analysts were blinded), placebo-controlled, crossover study. Lower- and upper-body ballistic strength (countermovement jump [CMJ] height and bench press throw [BPT] peak velocity), maximum dynamic strength (estimated 1 repetition maximum in squat and bench press [BP]), and strength-endurance (mean set velocity [squat] and number of repetitions to failure [bench press]) were assessed in 2 independent sessions (≥7 days separation). Participants ingested 12â mg of dihydrocapsiate or placebo 30â min before each trial. We found no significant differences between dihydrocapsiate and placebo conditions in ballistic strength, (CMJ height 33.20 ± 8.07 vs 33.32 ± 7.85â cm; BPT peak velocity 2.82 ± 0.77 vs 2.82 ± 0.74â m/s) maximal dynamic strength (estimated squat 1RM: 123.76 ± 40.63 vs 122.66 ± 40.97â kg; estimated BP 1RM: 99.47 ± 43.09 vs 99.60 ± 43.34â kg), and strength-endurance (squat mean set velocity 0.66 ± 0.07 vs 0.66 ± 0.05â m/s; number BP repetitions to failure 13.00 ± 3.56 vs 13.00 ± 4.78) (all P ≥ 0.703). We conclude that dihydrocapsiate does not acutely improve neuromuscular performance in trained young adults.
Capsinoids non-pungent analogs of capsaicin have been recently proposed as potential ergogenic compounds in humans.However, the effects of a single dose of capsinoids on neuromuscular performance parameters in humans remains unknown.12â mg of dihydrocapsiate does not improve neuromuscular performance in resistance-trained young adults.Dihydrocapsiate should not be recommended as an ergogenic aid to acutely increase neuromuscular performance.
Subject(s)
Exercise , Resistance Training , Humans , Young Adult , Female , Adult , Cross-Over Studies , Muscle Strength , Muscle, SkeletalABSTRACT
Detection of pathogens has become increasingly important, especially in the face of outbreaks and epidemics all over the world. Nucleic acid detection techniques provide a solid base to detect and identify pathogens. In recent years, magnetic sensors and magnetic labels have become of more interest due to their simplicity of use, low cost, and versatility. In this work, we have used the isothermal DNA amplification technique of rolling circle amplification (RCA) in combination with oligo-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Detection of RCA products takes place through specific binding between magnetic nanoparticles and RCA products. Upon binding, the relaxation frequency of the nanoparticle changes. This change was measured using an AC susceptometer. We showcase that the RCA time can be reduced for a quicker assay when performing the RCA on the surface of micrometer-sized beads, which consequently increases the hydrodynamic volume of the RCA products. This, in turn, increases the Brownian relaxation frequency shift of the nanoparticles upon binding. We performed optimization work to determine the ideal quantity of micrometer-sized particles, oligo-functionalized nanoparticles, and the amplification time of the RCA. We show that the detection of 0.75 fmol of preamplification synthetic target is possible with only 20 min of amplification time. Finally, we showcase the high specificity of the assay, as the functionalized nanoparticles are unable to bind to amplified DNA that does not match their labels. Overall, this paves the way for a simple bioassay that can be used without expensive laboratory equipment for detection of pathogens in outbreak settings and clinics around the world.
ABSTRACT
Visual detection of rolling circle amplification products (RCPs) has been achieved by specific aggregation with magnetic nanoparticles. The method presented here reliably generates aggregates in 1.5 h; these are visible to the naked eye in samples containing at least 0.4 fmol of RCPs. In addition, alternate current susceptometry and absorbance spectroscopy have also been used to quantify the amplified products. The specificity of the detection method was tested, and no non-specific aggregation was detected in samples containing up to 20 fmol of non-complementary amplified DNA. This method is a versatile tool for detecting pathogenic DNA in point-of-care diagnostics, with no readout equipment required. However, chips and automated assays can be used in conjugation with the developed method since detection and quantification can be achieved by commercially available readout instruments.
ABSTRACT
This work explores several issues of importance for the development of a diagnostic method based on circle-to-circle amplification (C2CA) and oligonucleotide-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles. Firstly, the performance of the detection method was evaluated in terms of sensitivity and speed. Synthetic target sequences for Newcastle disease virus and Salmonella were used as model sequences. The sensitivity of the C2CA assay resulted in detection of 1 amol of starting DNA target with a total amplification time of 40 min for both target sequences. Secondly, the functionalization of the nanoparticles was evaluated in terms of robustness and stability. The functionalization was shown to be very robust, and the stability test showed that 92% of the oligos were still attached on the particle surface after three months of storage at 4 °C. Altogether, the results obtained in this study provide a strong foundation for the development of a quick and sensitive diagnostic assay.
Subject(s)
Biosensing Techniques , Magnetite Nanoparticles , DNA , Magnetics , Nucleic Acid Amplification TechniquesABSTRACT
Higher education institutions (HEIs) have been permeated by the technological advancement that the Industrial Revolution 4.0 brings with it, and forces institutions to deal with a digital transformation in all dimensions. Applying the approaches of digital transformation to the HEI domain is an emerging field that has aroused interest during the recent past, as they allow us to describe the complex relationships between actors in a technologically supported education domain. The objective of this paper is to summarize the distinctive characteristics of the digital transformation (DT) implementation process that have taken place in HEIs. The Kitchenham protocol was conducted by authors to answer the research questions and selection criteria to retrieve the eligible papers. Nineteen papers (1980-2019) were identified in the literature as relevant and consequently analyzed in detail. The main findings show that it is indeed an emerging field, none of the found DT in HEI proposals have been developed in a holistic dimension. This situation calls for further research efforts on how HEIs can understand DT and face the current requirements that the fourth industrial revolution forced.
ABSTRACT
Resumen En este artículo se presenta una iniciativa de intervención e inclusión educativa de niños y adolescentes de territorios vulnerables de influencia de la minería. Para lograr lo anterior se diseñaron un conjunto de robots educativos y material didáctico complementario que fueron utilizados en las diferentes sesiones de la iniciativa. La población beneficiada fueron niños y adolescentes que trabajan día a día en tareas propias de la minería y no han tenido la oportunidad de ingresar a la escuela o han desertado de ella buscando recursos económicos para sostener sus familias. Dentro de la población beneficiada, también se cuenta con los maestros de las escuelas asentadas en los territorios mineros, con el propósito de enseñarles nuevas metodologías de enseñanza y aprendizaje para atender a la población desescolarizada. 2500 niños y adolescentes fueron beneficiados con la iniciativa, así como 250 maestros.
Abstract This article presents an intervention initiative and an educational inclusion of children and adolescents from vulnerable territories of mining influence. In order to achieve this, a set of educational robots and complementary teaching materials was designed and used in the different sessions of the initiative. The beneficiaries were children and adolescents who work day by day in mining tasks and have not had the opportunity to enter the school system or to have defected from it, by seeking financial resources in order to support their families. Within the beneficiaries, there are also the teachers of the schools settled in the mining territories, in order to teach them new teaching and learning methodologies in order to serve the deschooled population. Two thousand five hundred children and adolescents benefited from the initiative and two hundred and fifty teachers did, too.
ABSTRACT
RESUMO O teste de desenvolvimento motor grosso (TGMD-2) é um teste discriminativo e referenciado à norma, usado para avaliar o nível de competência de crianças de 3 a 10 anos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi revisar sistematicamente os resultados de estudos brasileiros que tenham examinado o desenvolvimento motor de pré-escolares usando o teste TGMD-2, considerando as diferentes regiões do Brasil, assim como analisar os resultados relativos aos fatores associados ao desempenho no teste TGMD-2; foram revisadas as bases de dados LILACS e SCIELO usando como descritor o termo "TGMD-2", buscando estudos originais publicados de 2007 a 2018, com texto completo disponível, nos idiomas português e inglês, que avaliaram o desempenho motor em pré-escolares usando o TGMD-2; a extração de dados incluiu os itens: primeiro autor, local, periódico, objetivos, delineamento, características da amostra, resultados de desempenho no teste e fatores relacionados; também foi avaliada a qualidade dos estudos. Os dez estudos incluídos na revisão indicaram diferenças no desempenho motor nas diferentes regiões. Foram encontrados indícios de melhor desempenho motor em crianças de escola particular e que praticam atividade física sistemática e orientada por profissional de educação física.
ABSTRACT The Gross Motor Development Test (TGMD-2) is a discriminant and norm-referenced test used to assess the competence level of children aged 3 to 10 years. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the results of Brazilian studies that examined the motor development of preschool children using the TGMD-2 test, considering the different regions of Brazil, as well as to analyze the results related to the factors associated with the performance in the test TGMD-2; we reviewed the LILACS and SCIELO databases using the term "TGMD-2" as the descriptor, searching for original published studies from 2007 to 2018, with full text available, in the Portuguese and English languages, which evaluated motor performance in preschool children using TGMD-2; data extraction included items: first author, local, periodical, objectives, design, sample characteristics, test performance results and related factors; quality of the studies was also evaluated. The ten studies included in the review indicated differences in motor performance in different regions. Signs of better motor performance were found in children of private school and who practice physical activity guided by a physical education professional.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Child Development , Motor Activity , Physical Education and Training , Exercise , Cultural Characteristics , Growth and Development , Motor SkillsABSTRACT
El agua de consumo humano y su calidad son determinantes para la salud pública. Esta revisión pretende recopilar y analizar información acerca de la relación entre la enfermedad diarreica en niños menores de cinco (5) años y la contaminación de las fuentes de agua subterránea. Se consultaron las bases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, SciELO y Google Scholar, sin limitación en fechas de publicación; utilizando los descriptores: agua subterránea, diarrea, enfermedad gastrointestinal infantil, contaminación microbiana, calidad del agua, diarrea infantil, agua potable, técnicas moleculares y técnicas bioquímicas, analizándose un total de ciento sesenta y nueve (169) publicaciones. Se encontró relación entre la contaminación microbiana del agua subterránea y la diarrea infantil. El agua subterránea se contamina debido a fugas de fosas sépticas, métodos inadecuados de manejo de desechos y escorrentías de agua de lluvia, determinando la prevalencia de diarrea infantil. De allí, la importancia de monitorear la calidad del agua como factor de riesgo, con la detección y cuantificación de bioindicadores, mediante métodos rutinarios y novedosos, e incorporar intervenciones dirigidas a mejorar la accesibilidad a fuentes de agua controladas y la educación sanitaria en la búsqueda de asegurar la protección del agua y la disminución en la prevalencia de la diarrea infantil. Esta revisión está registrada en PROSPERO bajo el número ID 129254
Water for human consumption and its quality are determinants for public health. This review aims to collect and analyze information about the relationship between diarrheal disease in children under five (5) years of age and contamination of groundwater sources. The bases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, SciELO and Google Scholar, without limitation on publication dates, using the descriptors: groundwater, diarrhea, childhood gastrointestinal disease, microbial contamination, water quality, childhood diarrhea, drinking water, molecular techniques and biochemical techniques, were consulted, analyzing a total of one hundred sixty-nine (169) publications. A relationship was found between microbial contamination of groundwater and childhood diarrhea. Groundwater is contaminated due to septic tank leaks, inadequate methods of waste management and rainwater runoff, determining the prevalence of childhood diarrhea. From there, the importance of monitoring water quality as a risk factor, with the detection and quantification of bioindicators, through routine and novel methods, and incorporating interventions aimed at improving accessibility to controlled water sources and health education in the search to ensure water protection and the decrease in the prevalence of childhood diarrhea. This revision is registered in PROSPERO under the number ID 129254.
ABSTRACT
Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the predominant dimorphic fungal disease in Latin America. Males between 29 to 40 years of age are most often affected. Inhalation of the infecting particle produces a localized alveolitis. The organisms then may disseminate to the skin, mucous membranes, lymph nodes, adrenal glands, liver, spleen, bones, central nervous system and digestive tract, giving a multisystemic affectation, mainly in immunocompromised hosts. A male 34 years old with a history of immunocompromised VIH +, was studied. The characteristics in authopsy are described, with previous diagnosis of diseminated. Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, with intraalveolar hemorrhage, pleuritis and pericarditis. Deep systemic micosis and opportunistic are pathologies that present with increased frequency in recent years, mainly by the rise of the VIH+ infected population. Despite this circumstance, the coexistence of Paracoccidioide infection and VIH+ is scarce in the literature, and for that reason, we present this case of autopsy.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Paracoccidioidomycosis/diagnosis , Pericarditis/diagnosis , Pleurisy/diagnosis , Autopsy , HIV/immunology , Immunocompromised Host , HemorrhageABSTRACT
During history, amylidosis was observed associated to a great variety of inflammatory diseases, and due to this, appeared the term "secondary amyloidosis". The forms of sudden presentation without any apparent cause are classified as "primary amyloidosis", and also the localized amyloidosis was characterized, the same as the heredity variant. At present, three main grops are recognized as systemic amyloidosis: amyloidosis of light chains, the amyloidosis associated to the seric protein A, and the hereditary form. Systemic amyloidosis can involve practically any organ system, being the most commonly affected the heart and the kidney, which therefore determine the clinical evolution and the prognosis of the patient. The aim of this report, was to present a case of autopsy of systemic amyloidosis with involvement of the Central Nervous System, considering besides, the great extension of the disease in our patient
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Autopsy , Immunohistochemistry , Glasgow Coma Scale , Plaque, Amyloid/physiopathology , Dissection , Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis , Central Nervous System/pathologyABSTRACT
This study examines a description of pituitary tumors considering an anatomopathological casuistic. The study of the tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS) include the pituitary gland, located in the sella turcica. The pathology of the sellar region is represented by the adenomas, tumors of slow development with or without endocrine secretion, that usually involve the population of young adults. The aim of this report, was to describe the casuistic of the " J. Fernandez Hospital" between the years 2000 through 2017. A retrospective review was performed and 234 samples of the sellar region were processed. Mean age was 42 years with a range of 17 to 77 years. Sex distribution was 57% women and 43 % men. Of these, 77% of the cases resulted adenomas. The conclusions obtained in the study are detailed.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Pituitary Gland, Anterior/pathology , Pituitary Neoplasms/pathology , Sella Turcica/pathology , Central Nervous System/pathology , Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/genetics , DiagnosisABSTRACT
Las tendencias actuales en el uso de herramientas informatizadas para la interpretación de los datos arrojados por estudios en las ciencias sociales han venido presentando diferentes enfoques, para lo cual el uso de programas estadísticos convencionales, como el SPSS, Statgraphics, Dyane, Stadistics, han proporcionado a los investigadores, un soporte eficaz al momento de analizar e interpretar los datos y resultados de los estudios por ellos abocados. Este trabajo pretende mostrar una línea complementaria como es el análisis sistémico a los problemas sociales que desde los estudios iniciales de Von Bertalanf y se han venido desarrollando hasta la actualidad, lo que permite que a través del uso de herramientas como la dinámica de sistemas se puedan analizar e interpretar los mismos datos y hechos de forma diferente. Con este objetivo, la mayor parte de las aportaciones de las nuevas tecnologías han cambiado la dinámica investigativa, haciendo de la innovación tecnológica un factor dinamizante por excelencia del proceso de transformación de la economía, las ciencias sociales y de la sociedad de la información. Donde las tecnologías de la información tienen un papel importante dentro del conjunto de sistemas que conforman la infra estructura de la sociedad Por consiguiente, y de acuerdo al planteamiento general, se ilustra la comparación entre los dos modelos de análisis, aplicados a un caso en concreto, como es la jubilación anticipada en la Comunidad Valenciana, y usando el software SPSS como herramienta informática para el modelo estocástico y el POWERSIM como software para dinámica de sistemas, en el modelo dinámico. Mostrando las ventajas y desventajas del uso de uno y de otro, sin pretender en ningún momento rivalizar o contraponerlos, sino por el contra rio, mostrar la necesidad, si se requiere, de complementarlos a fin de garantizar la confiabilidad de un resultado y de su interpretación, permitiendo que los investigadores puedan gestionar su aprendizaje de una forma más efectiva (AU)
The current tendencies in the use of computerized tools for the interpretation of the information hurtled by social sciences studies have different focuses. Traditionally, the use of conventional statistical programs such as the SPSS, Stat graphics, Dyane, etc. have provided the investigators with an effective support to analyse and interpret the data and the results of these studies. This work tries to show a complementary line: the systemic analysis applied to social problems. It has been used since Von Bertalanfy initial studies to the moment. It enable us to analyse and interpret the same information in a different way through the use of several tools like dynamic systems. In other way, most of the contributions of the new technologies have changed the investigation procedures, because they have made that the technological innovation be a pushing factor in the transformation process of the economy, social sciences and the information society. The Information Technologies have an important role within the back ground infrastructures of the society. This work illustrates the comparison between two models of analysis. They have been applied to an specific situation: the advance of the retirement age in the Valencian Community. SPSS software have been used as the software package for the statistic model and Powersim for the dynamic systems work. It has been tried to show the advantages and disadvantages of both of them, with a complementary point of view to guarantee the confidence of the results and their interpretation. Besides, the investigators may manage their process of learning in a more efficient way (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Models, Educational , Social Sciences/education , Teaching/methods , Nonlinear Dynamics , 28599 , Reproducibility of ResultsABSTRACT
La dificultad esencial de la tesis radica en que es un trabajo de gran envergadura y poco estructurado. Por ello, se puede considerar que la realización de una tesis doctoral es un proceso de reducción progresiva de la incertidumbre, en fases sucesivas. Los autores proponen un modelo que parte del planteamiento de investigación americano y europeo, analizan ventajas e inconvenientes y establecen unas recomendaciones basadas en su experiencia docente e investigadora. Algunas etapas críticas son: Selección del área general de investigación, y de los temas a considerar, exploración del tema y propuesta de tesis, realización de un índice detallado y búsqueda bibliográfica de investigaciones previas, investigación y análisis, escritura y defensa de la tesis (AU)
A systematic approach to doctoral thesis. The essential difficulty of the thesis resides in that is a work of great span and little structured. For it, you can consider that the realization of a doctoral thesis is a process of progressive reduction of the uncertainty, in successive phases. The authors propose a model that leaves of the American and European investigation position, they analyze advantages and inconveniences and they establish some recommendations based on their educational and research experience. Some critical stages are: Selection of the general area of investigation, and of the topics to consider, exploration of the topic and thesis proposal, realization of a detailed index and bibliographical search of previous investigations, investigation and analysis, wriking and defense of the thesis (AU)
